UNIT A: CHEMISTRY Topic 5 Chemical Reactions
UNIT A: CHEMISTRYTopic 5Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions A chemical reaction occurs when one or more substances react toform new products with different chemical properties. A chemical reaction is also known as chemical change.
Word & Chemical Equations Scientists represent chemical reactions in two ways:Word equations – uses chemical names, plus signs, andan arrow to show the reaction. Example:Chemical equations – uses chemical formulas, plussigns, and an arrow to show the reaction. States ofmatter are also shown in subscripts after each chemicalsubstance. Example:
ExamplesWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
ExamplesWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
ExamplesWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
PracticeWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
PracticeWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
PracticeWrite the word and chemical equations for each of the following reactions:
Not all changes to matter are chemical a chemical change only happens if a new substance is produced.
Evidence of Chemical Change Energy absorbed or produced(e.g. change in temp) Change in colour Change in odour Change in pH Formation of gas bubbles Formation of a precipitateA precipitate is asolid that forms asthe result of achemical reaction inaqueous solution(water).
Are these changes chemical or physical?*Note that a change in state (e.g. solid to liquid)and the process of dissolving one substance inanother are NOT indicative of chemical change.
Solubility of Ionic Compounds Solubility is thephysical property of asubstance referring tothe degree to which itcan dissolve in anothersubstance (usually water) A precipitate will formduring an aqueouschemical reaction if oneof the products isinsoluble in water.Kool-Aid is soluble in waterSand is insoluble in water
Predicting SolubilityAffix your brand new SOLUBILITY TABLEto the back of your periodc table!!We can use the solubility table to predict the solubility of theproducts of a chemical reactionEXAMPLES1. A chemist mixes a solution of Pb(NO3)2 with solid KI. Doesa precipitate form? If so, predict the precipitate.
Predicting SolubilityEXAMPLE (cont’d)Solubility of Some Common Ionic Compounds in Water
Predicting SolubilityEXAMPLE2. Will the compound Ba(OH)2 be soluble in water?
Practice
Practice
Practice
Practice
Energy CHangeAll chemical reactions either release orabsorb energy. Reactions that release energy are referredto as exothermic Temperature of surroundings increases aschemical bonds form EXAMPLES: cellular respiration,combustion
Energy CHangeAll chemical reactions either release orabsorb energy. Reactions that absorb energy are referredto as endothermic Temperature of surroundings decreasesas chemical bonds are broken EXAMPLES: photosynthesis, cold packs
Energy CHange
EXAMPLES
EXAMPLES
Practice
Practice
Practice
Word & Chemical Equations Scientists represent chemical reactions in two ways: Word equations – uses chemical names, plus signs, and an arrow to show the reaction. Example: Chemical equations – uses chemical formulas, plus signs, and an arrow to show the reaction.States of matter are also shown in subscripts after each chemical substance. Example:
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