Computer Studies Upper Secondary Syllabus
Computer StudiesUpper SecondarySyllabusPapua New GuineaDepartment of Education
Issued free to schools by the Department of EducationPublished in 2008 by the Department of Education, Papua New Guinea Copyright 2008, Department of Education, Papua New GuineaAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in aretrieval system or transmitted by any form or by any means electronic,mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior writtenpermission of the publisher.ISBN 978-9980-9922-6-0AcknowledgementsThe Upper Secondary Computer Studies Syllabus was written, edited andformatted by the Curriculum Development and Assessment Division of theDepartment of Education. The development of the syllabus was coordinatedby Gandhi Lavaki.Writers from schools, tertiary institutions and non-government organisationsacross the country have contributed to the writing of this syllabus throughspecialist writing workshops and consultations. Quality assurance groupsand the Computer Studies Advisory Committee have also contributed to thedevelopment of this syllabus.This document was developed with the support of the AustralianGovernment through the Education Capacity Building Program.
ContentsSecretary’s message . ivIntroduction.1Rationale .2Aims .3Strands .4Learning outcomes .5Unit sequence and content .7Grade 11 units .9Grade 12 units .30Assessment components, weighting and tasks .43Assessment and certification .44
Secretary’s messageThis Computer Studies syllabus is to be used by teachers to teach UpperSecondary students (Grades 11 and 12) throughout Papua New Guinea.This syllabus builds upon concepts, skills and attitudes learnt in LowerSecondary and provides a sound foundation for further learning.The Upper Secondary Computer Studies syllabus links to the NationalEducation Plan’s vision, which is that secondary education enables studentsto achieve their individual potential to lead productive lives as members ofthe local, national and international community.This subject provides the opportunity for deeper understanding of theinformation technology and computing revolution, which will enable studentsto meet individual needs as well as local and global demands andchallenges. Students with Computer Studies knowledge and skills will beequipped to participate fully in the global world of the 21st century.Teachers play a leading role by being innovative and creative and keepingabreast of new information and technological innovation.I commend and approve this syllabus as the official curriculum for ComputerStudies to be used in all schools with Grades 11 and 12 students throughoutPapua New Guinea.DR JOSEPH PAGELIOSecretary for Education
IntroductionThis syllabus is based on the curriculum principles from the NationalCurriculum Statement. It has been designed using learning outcomes thatidentify the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that all students achieveor demonstrate by the end of Grade 12. It is linked to the national curriculumlearning area Culture and Community and builds on the knowledge and skillsstudents have learnt since elementary grades. This Computer Studiessyllabus offers a number of pathways to post-secondary study and theworkforce. It has specialised and general applications in both areas.Lower SecondaryDesign and TechnologystrandsLower SecondaryDesign and TechnologyunitsUpper SecondaryComputer StudiesstrandsPlanningComputingInformationComputer FundamentalsMakingUpper SecondaryComputer StudiesunitsComputer BasicsCommunicationFile and Information ManagementMarketingWord Processing 1TechnologyWord ProcessingEvaluatingPresentation GraphicsOptionsWord Processing 2DatabasesInformation ManagementSpreadsheets 1Spreadsheets 2The InternetComputers and SocietyDesktop PublishingThe InternetInformation and sComputers and EmploymentSchool-developed unitsComputer Studies requires a good level of English competency. Studentsneed to be fluent in reading, writing and speaking English for research,report writing and oral and written presentations, as well as for typing or dataentry and software application uses.Information technology (IT) has been an integral phase in nation buildingsince its inception in the middle of the 20th century. The use of computers inmany countries has grown into a powerful medium, which helps drive theeconomies and social and political environments of most developed nations.The influence of IT has gained tremendous momentum in Papua NewGuinea in the last decade. Papua New Guinea is developing ComputerStudies to meet its needs and demands. Relevant stakeholders have seenthe need for the country to be an IT-using nation and are assisting privateand state institutions to develop a computer-literate society. This syllabus isdesigned to cater for this growing need. Secondary schools offering thissyllabus are offering vital knowledge and skills training, which is relevant tostudents and will support the achievement of the Government’s developmentpriorities.Computer Studies is to be timetabled for 240–250 minutes per week inGrades 11 and 12.
Computer StudiesRationaleDevelopment in technology has progressed very fast. The technologicalrevolution is significantly changing the way of the world. Computertechnology is pervasive, penetrating all sectors of the economy, creatingnew jobs, changing others and enhancing many activities. It allows studentsto explore an area of interest and to develop the specific knowledge andskills of computer-based technology.In order for Papua New Guinea to keep abreast of the global community,computer technology must become an integral part of business, governmentand education. Geographical isolation will no longer be a hindrance toPapua New Guinea’s advancement. The continual improvements incomputer technology are breaking geographical barriers, bringing peoplecloser together and Papua New Guinea closer to the rest of the world.Students studying Computer Studies are at the forefront of advances incommunication, information and computer technology. This subject willenable them to develop practical, technical and organisational skills.2
Upper Secondary SyllabusAimsComputer Studies aims to enable students to: make a worthwhile contribution to the social and economic developmentof the country through the use of computer technology skillsdevelop knowledge, skills, values and attitudes in computer technologythat will be transferable to their career paths and future life directionsprovide students with basic knowledge of computer technology thatenhances their personal and professional productivitycommunicate effectively through the use of technological innovations.3
Computer StudiesStrandsThe study of Computer Studies is described in the following strands:Information‘Information literacy’ is the ability to gather information from multiple sources,select relevant material and organise it into a form that will allow the user tomake quality decisions or take specific actions.This strand identifies the information that is taken from data. Whatever datais encoded in the computer is interpreted in various ways to collect accurateand reliable information. This information comes in a variety of ways afterprocessing, organising and analysing data to meet the needs of the enduser.Students learn concepts in data input, processing and output to help them tomake informed decisions on information found in all areas of their lives.CommunicationCommunication deals with the process involved in the transfer of informationfrom one place to another. This transfer can happen in a variety of ways. Incomputer communications, data travels electronically at very high speed.The speed of computer communication creates a big impact on computerusers, in ways never imagined before. Continuous improvement in the use ofsatellite communications and the internet are making the world a smallerplace.Students understand the use of a range of communications hardware andsoftware devices. They develop an awareness of the opportunities providedby the growing need for communication.TechnologyTechnology is about the knowledge and creative processes that are involvedin the development of hardware and software tools, techniques and the useof materials. Technology is designed and produced to meet a range ofhuman needs, from personal to business, education and government.Students learn about technologies that meet user needs and the impacts ofthose technologies.4
Upper Secondary SyllabusLearning outcomesThe syllabus learning outcomes describe what students know and can do atthe end of Grade 12. The level of achievement of the learning outcomesshould improve during the two years of Upper Secondary study, and it is atthe end of the study that students are given a summative assessment on thelevel of achievement of the learning outcomes.The Computer Studies learning outcomes identify the knowledge, skills,attitudes and values all students achieve or demonstrate at the end ofGrade 12. The learning outcomes for Computer Studies are listed below.Students can:1. identify and describe computer hardware and software and theirfunctions and capabilities2. demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the legal and ethicalissues of using information technology3. apply basic skills in using computer software for research purposes4. apply basic skills and concepts in creating documents using wordprocessing5. demonstrate understanding of the internet and e-mail and related issues6. apply knowledge and skills in creating solutions to information problemsusing a range of software7. develop multimedia presentations using a range of hardware andsoftware devices8. identify and describe a variety of information systems and how these areused within organisations.5
Computer StudiesLearning outcomes mapped against unitsLearning outcomesGrade 11 units 5. Demonstrate understanding of theinternet and e-mail and related issues 6. Apply knowledge and skills in creatingsolutions to information problems using arange of software 7. Develop multimedia presentations usinga range of hardware and software devices 12.512.412.312.2 4. Apply basic skills and concepts increating documents using word processing12.1 3. Apply basic skills in using computersoftware for research purposes8. Identify and describe a variety ofinformation systems and how these areused within organisations11.611.5 2. Demonstrate knowledge andunderstanding of the legal and ethicalissues of using information technology611.411.311.211.11. Identify and describe computerhardware and software and their functionsand capabilitiesGrade 12 units
Upper Secondary SyllabusUnit sequence and contentGrade 11 units11.1 Computer Fundamentals10 weeks Information-processing cycleA brief history of computersGenerations of computersClassification of computersInput and output devicesStorage devicesSystem box11.2 File and Information Management10 weeks File managementInformation managementInformation organisationInformation analysis11.3 Word Processing10 weeks Creating and saving a new documentFormatting documentsEditing textViewing a documentFinalising and printing the documentWorking with tables and listsWorking with graphics11.4 Computers and Society10 weeks Impacts on societyMeasures to protect computers and dataEnvironmental, social and ethical issuesGovernment controls and laws on ICTErgonomics in ICT11.5 Desktop Publishing10 weeks Working with publicationsPlanning and designing a pageWorking with textDrawing and working with graphic objectsWorking with tablesPresenting and printing the publication11.6 The InternetGrade 12 units12.1 Information and CommunicationSystems30 weeks Information systemsNetworkingNetwork softwareCommunication systems12.2 Multimedia10 weeks IntroductionCreating an interactive presentationDelivering and controlling apresentationIntegrating multimedia with otherprograms12.3 Spreadsheets10 weeks Spreadsheets and their purposeMoving around in a spreadsheetCreating and saving spreadsheetsPerforming calculationsManaging worksheet and workbookinformationFormatting worksheetsCreating a chartSetting up a page and printing12.4 Databases10 weeks Getting startedWorking with dataWorking with tables and relationshipsCreating and customising queriesCreating and customising formsCreating useful reports12.5 Computers and Employment3 weeks Career options in ICTJob search on the internet and in othermediaFormatting résumés or CVsFormatting job application letters10 weeks Web fundamentalsWeb securitySearch techniquesWebsite evaluationEvaluating internet-based resourcesCommunication protocols7
Computer StudiesGrade 11 units 8Electronic mail (e-mail)Creating webpagesWorking with images and multimedia effectsCreating hyperlinksWorking with special effectsGrade 12 units
Upper Secondary SyllabusGrade 11 unitsIt is suggested that the practical units be taught concurrently with the theoryunits throughout the year.11.1 Computer FundamentalsTerm 1: 10 weeks (theory only)This unit is designed for students who require an introduction to the basicterminology, concepts and operations needed for success in this syllabus.The unit covers basic system software and application software operation,and the operation of hardware.Learning outcomesStudents can:1. identify and describe computer hardware and software and theirfunctions and capabilities8. identify and describe a variety of information systems and how these areused within organisations.To achieve the learning outcomes, students: identify and demonstrate the appropriate use of a range of hardware andsoftware components and peripheral devices describe the major components of a computer system and explain theirfunctions.ContentStudents acquire knowledge and skills through the learning and teaching ofthis content. The unit emphasises identifying and demonstrating theappropriate uses of a range of hardware and software components.Information-processing cycle what is a system? water cycle, digestive system, knowledge databases, transactionsystems, accounting systems, expert systems what is a computer? what is a computer system? input, processing, storage, output, communicationA brief history of computers early times the abacus the pioneers the modern computer9
Computer Studies characteristics of computersGenerations of computers first generation of computers second generation of computers third generation of computers fourth generation of computers fifth generation of computersClassification of computers supercomputers mainframe computers workstations microcomputers artificial intelligence (AI)Input and output devicesInput devices keyboard traditional keyboard (QWERTY) specialty keyboards (dumb, intelligent, internet terminals) wireless keyboards pointing devices mouse (USB optical, ps2) touchpad touch screen trackball light pen joystick source data-entry devices scanner devices optical scanners (flatbed scanner, portable scanner) barcode readers (handheld wand readers, platform scanners) character and mark recognition devices: magnetic-ink characterrecognition (MICR); optical-character recognition (OCR); optical-markrecognition (OMR) human biology input devices (biometric scanner) face recognition system speech or voice recognition system finger and palm prints recognition image capturing devices digital camera digital video camera10
Upper Secondary Syllabus webcams and video-input devices videoconferencing cameradigitising devices graphics tablets digital note padsaudio input devices voice (voice recognition systems): discrete-speech recognitionsystems; continuous-speech recognition systems music (musical interface digital interface [MIDI])sensors; found in: aerial survey, astronomy, automation, biometrics, communicationsatellites, defence system, guided missiles, intelligent transportsystems, naval vessels, robot, solar energy, space lab, surveillancetechnology, thermometer, torpedo (weapon), traffic controlradio-frequency identification tag (RFID) pager pulsar radar identification (IFF)Output devices monitors cathode-ray tube (CRT) flat-panel monitor or liquid crystal display (LCD) e-books (e-book readers) data projectors high-definition television (HDTV)printers impact printers (dot matrix) non-impact (laser, thermal printer, ink-jet) photo printers plotters Brailleaudio and video output devices sound output (audio speakers, headphones) video output (video conferencing) voice output (text-to-speech system [narrator])combination input and output devices fax machines multifunction devices internet telephone terminals (dumb, intelligent, network or thin client or networkcomputer, internet or Web)11
Computer StudiesStorage devicesUnits of measurement bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytesPrimary (internal) storage random access memory (RAM) read-only memory (ROM)Secondary (external) storage floppy disksmemory stick (flash drive)smart cards (sd, smart media)hard diskoptical diskCD-ROM discDVD-ROM, DVD-video, and laser disksBlu-ray diskerasable optical disks (CD-RW, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW, and DVD RW)System box main board (central processor unit (CPU), buses, peripheralcommunication interface (PCI)) power supply unit cooling fan ports (USB, serial, parallel, PS2, RJ45)Software 12system software (operating systems, device or utility drivers)application softwarecare and appropriate use of hardware and software
Upper Secondary Syllabus11.2 File and Information ManagementTerm 2: 10 weeksIn this unit, students learn about accessing and retrieving information usingcomputers. They learn to use CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs containingencyclopaedias, databases and spreadsheets to find and manageinformation. The emphasis of the unit is on developing the skills studentsneed to be able to search for usable and appropriate information.Learning outcomesStudents can:3. apply basic skills in using computer software for research purposes.To achieve the learning outcome, students: organise, analyse and evaluate information from electronic sources use problem-solving processes when accessing and retrievinginformation using computers describe ethical practices used when accessing and retrievinginformation create and manage files and folders.ContentStudents acquire knowledge and skills through the learning and teaching ofthis content. Information is collected, analysed, presented andcommunicated effectively.File management ethical use of computer files and programs use basic computer management skills to: access and exit software organise files (folder creation, renaming, copying, moving anddeleting) manage files (saving, retrieving) use disk utilities (formatting, copying, deleting, creating backup,saving)Information managementAccessing and retrieving information access or retrieve information: identify a need for information identify appropriate resources use catalogues13
Computer Studies define search parametersuse a databaseuse information retrieved from differe
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