Activity 6: Series And Parallel Wiring

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ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)Section 2 ActivitiesActivity 6: Series and Parallel WiringACTIVITY TYPE: WorksheetOverview: Students understand the effects of building electrical circuits to increase voltage and amperage.Goal: Students learn how to construct circuits to meet the particular requirements of a loadSubjects: Math, Science, and Earth ScienceTime: 30 minutesSetting: ClassroomMaterials: Series and Parallel Wiring WorksheetKey Vocabulary: ampere, array, parallel wiring, photovoltaic cell, photovoltaic module, photovoltaic series,volts, and watts.Correlations to StandardsNationalScience as Inquiry – 1: Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry.Science – Goal 2.3: Understand the total energy in the universe is constant.IdahoOregonWashingtonScience – Goal 1.2: Understand concepts and processes of evidence, models, andexplanations.Science – Energy: Describe differences and similarities between kinds of waves, including sound, seismic, and electromagnetic, as a means of transmitting energy.Science – Application 3.1 Designing Solutions: Apply knowledge and skills of scienceand technology to design solutions to human problems.About the Authors: Founded in 1998, Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF) is essentially a nonprofit business. Through the sales and marketing of green power products (known as carbon offsets) BEFgives individuals and businesses a way to participate in solving our most pressing environmental issues. Allof the net revenues, or “profits,” that the organization makes are reinvested in projects that restore damagedwatersheds and support the development and understanding of renewable energy technologies such assolar, wind, and biomass.Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12107

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)Series and Parallel Wiring WorksheetWhen circuits are wired in series, the voltage of each panel is added together, but the amperageremains the same. When circuits are wired in parallel, the voltage of each panel remains thesame and the amperage of each panel is added. This wiring principle is used to build photovoltaic (PV) modules. The PV cells in a module can be wired to any desired voltage and current.Photovoltaic modules can then be wired together to create PV arrays.Complete the diagrams below by wiring the solar panels together in series or parallel to generate the required voltage. Connect positive leads ( ) to positive leads and negative leads (-) tonegative leads to wire the PV circuits in parallel. Connect positive leads to negative leads to wirethe PV circuits in series.Example: DESIGN A 12V SYSTEM USING FOUR 6V PV MODULESTotal Volts 12Total Amps 3To generate the correct voltage for the circuit in the example:1. Two sets of two panels are connected in series (positive to negative). The voltages addtogether and increase to 12 volts.2. These two groups of two panels are connected together in parallel (positive to positive,negative to negative). The voltage remains at 12; however, the current of the two groups ofpanels adds together bringing the final amperage (current) to 3.108Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)1.DESIGN A 12V SYSTEM USING FOUR 12V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps 2.DESIGN A 24V SYSTEM USING FOUR 12V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps 3.DESIGN A 48V SYSTEM USING EIGHT 24V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12109

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)4.DESIGN A 24V SYSTEM USING EIGHT 12V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps 5.DESIGN A 48V SYSTEM USING EIGHT 12V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps 110Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)6.DESIGN A 24V SYSTEM WITH TEN 12V PV MODULESTotal Volts Total Amps Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12111

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)Series and Parallel Wiring WorksheetAnswer Key1.Total Volts 12Total Amps 142.Total Volts 27Total Amps 73.Total Volts 48Total Amps 40112Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12

ACTIVITY 6: Series and Parallel Wiringsource: Bonneville Environmental Foundation (BEF)4.5.Total Volts 24Total Amps 145.50Total Volts 48Total Amps 146.Total Volts 120Total Amps 3.5Solar 4R Schools Activity Guide & Teacher Manual L3: Grades 10-12113

Series and Parallel Wiring Worksheet When circuits are wired in series, the voltage of each panel is added together, but the amperage remains the same. When circuits are wired in parallel, the voltage of each panel remains the . Series and Parallel Wiring Worksheet AnSWER KEY 1. Total Volts 12 Total Amps 14 2. Total Volts 27 Total Amps .

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