Basic Sentence Structure - Collin

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1Collin College – Frisco, Lawler Hall 141972-377-1080 prcwritingcenter@collin.eduFor appointments: mywco.com/prcwcBasic Sentence StructureA sentence is defined as one or more independent clauses, sometimes connected to dependent clauses and sometimes not, thatexpress a complete thought.Elements of a sentenceIndependent clause: A subject and a predicate that express acomplete thought. An independent clause can stand alone asa sentence (e.g., “I like to run.”).Subject: The noun, noun phrase, or gerund that is performingthe action or state of being described in a sentence.Predicate: The verb describing the action or state of beingperformed by the subject of a sentence, as well as any objectof the verb.Dependent clause: A subject and predicate that do notexpress a complete thought. A dependent clause must beconnected to an independent clause in a sentence; it cannotstand alone (e.g., “because I like to run.”).Coordinating conjunction: A word that links two independentclauses. The words that can be used as coordinatingconjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.Subordinating conjunction: A word that links a dependentclause to an independent clause. Examples include after,before, even though, during, if, when, and many more.

21. Simple SentenceA simple sentence consists of one independent clauseEx. 1Run!Independent clauseSubject: implied you (noun)Predicate: run (verb)Ex. 2James ran.Independent clauseSubject: James (noun)Predicate: ran (verb)Ex. 3James ran across the wet field.Independent clauseSubject: James (noun)Predicate: ran (verb) across the wet field (prepositional phrase)

32. Compound SentenceA compound sentence contains two or more independent clauses linked by a coordinating conjunctionEx. 1James crossed the wet field, and his shoes got soaked.Independent clauseConj.Subject: James (noun)Predicate: crossed (verb) the wet field (object)Independent clauseSubject: his shoes (noun phrase)Predicate: got soaked (verb phrase)Ex. 2I could have followed him, but I didn’t want to.Independent clauseSubject: I (noun)Predicate: could have followed (verb phrase) him (object)Conj.Independent clauseSubject: I (noun)Predicate: didn’t want to (verb phrase)

43. Complex SentenceA complex sentence contains an independent clause combined with a dependent clause.Ex. 1After James stopped running, he took off his wet shoes.Conj.Dependent clauseIndependent clauseSubject: James (noun)Predicate: stopped running (verb phrase)Subject: he (noun)Predicate: took off (verb) his wet shoes (object)Ex. 2Sarah, who is my best friend, rented a movie.IndependentDependent clauseSubject: Sarah (noun)Predicate: rented (verb) a movie (object)clauseSubject: Who (relative pronoun)Predicate: is (verb) my best friend (object)

54. Compound-Complex SentenceA sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.Ex. 1When we arrive, James will make the popcorn, andConj.Dependent clauseSubject: we (noun)Predicate: arrive (verb)Independent clauseSubject: James (noun)Predicate: will make (verb phrase) the popcorn (object)Sarah will start the movie.Independent clauseSubject: Sarah (noun)Predicate: will start (verb phrase) the movie (object)Conj.

Basic Sentence Structure . A . sentence. is defined as one or more independent clauses, sometimes connected to dependent clauses and sometimes not, that express a complete thought. Elements of a sentence . Independent clause: A subject and a predicate that express a complete thought. An independent clause can stand alone as a sentence (e.g .

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Sentence structure is the grammatical arrangement of words in a sentence . Each structure results in a different type of sentence . Read the chart below . Sentence Type Definition Example simple a sentence consisting of one independent clause, or a clause that can stand on its own as a sentence Talia is a great soccer player . compound a .

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