Reproduction In Plants - SAP Education

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P5/6 scienceReproduction In PlantsLiving things reproduce to ensure that there will be members of their own kind left on earth after theydie. In other words, living things reproduce to ensure continuity of their species.Reproduction In PlantsPlants can reproduce in different ways.Flowering plants bear flowers. They reproduce from seeds.Some non-flowering plants reproduce from spores.Plants can also reproduce from other plant parts.Parts Of A FlowerThe petals of a flower are usually brightly coloured. This attracts insects to come to it and help in thepollination.The flower is made up of many different parts. Its most basic parts are divided into male and femaleparts.femalepartsstigmastyleovaryovuleParts of a unctionstigmaThis is where the pollen grains enter as they travel downwards towards thestyle.styleThe stalk which supports the stigma and holds it in a position which enables thepollen grains to enter the stigma.ovaryThis is where the ovule is formed and once fertilization takes place, it will becomethe fruit.ovuleIt contains an egg cell. The ovule will eventually develop into a seed.antherThe place where pollen sacs are found. Pollen sacs produce pollen grains.filamentIt is the stalk which supports the anther.Taken from Science Partner: A Complete Guide To Upper Block Science Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 1/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In PlantsA pollen grain (produced in the anther) is the male sex cell required for reproduction to take place.PollinationPollination is the process when pollen grains from the anther are transferred to the stigma of a flower ofthe same species.If the pollen grains come from the same flower as the stigma, it is known as self-pollination. This canoccur in flowers which have both male and female parts on the same flower.path of pollen grainantherstigmaSelf-pollinationIf the pollen grains are transferred to the stigma of another flower, this is known as cross-pollination.path of pollen grainCross-pollinationMost of the time, the process of pollination requires agents (organisms that assist in transferring thepollen grains to the stigma). There are three ways in which pollination can take place.1Help Of Insects And AnimalsFlowers can be pollinated by insects. The insects are attracted by the flower’s petals, scent and sweetnectar. When the insect lands on the flower to feed on the nectar, the pollen sticks to its body. The pollenis deposited into the stigma of another flower when the insect lands on it. Birds and even some mammalssuch as bats can help in the pollination process in a similar way.Taken from Science Partner: A Complete Guide To Upper Block Science Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 2/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In Flowering Plants1.Study the diagram shown below carefully.BseedseedlingCAadult plantDfruitEflowerBased on the diagram above, which statement is not necessarily true?(1)(2)(3)(4)2.3.At B, germination takes place when there is sufficient air, water and warmth.At C, the seedling is able to make its own food as it develops additional leaves.At D, the adult plant produces flowers to attract insects to help in pollination.At E, fertilization takes place when the male cell fuses with the female egg cell.()Kean conducted an experiment to show how overcrowding affects the growth of rose plants.He had some seeds belonging to the same rose plant and two identical pots of the same size. Whichother variables should he keep the same in order to conduct a fair experiment?A.B.C.D.Number of seedsAmount of soilAmount of waterLocation of pots(1)(2)(3)(4)A and B onlyB and C onlyA, B and C onlyB, C and D only()()()Study the characteristics of a seed shown below.It is light and has a feathery structureattached to it which acts like a parachute.Based on the above characteristics, how is the seed likely to be dispersed?(1)(2)(3)(4)4.by windby waterby animalsby splittingWhich of the following statements about reproduction in flowering plants is wrong?(1)(2)(3)(4)The male reproductive cell fuses with the egg cell found in the ovule.The pollen grains move down the style to reach the ovules.Fertilization takes place only after pollination.Pollen grains have a hard coat which protects the sperm cells.Taken from Nail Those MCQs! Primary Science upper Block 5/6 Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 3/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In Flowering Plants5.The table below shows the dispersal of some seeds of flowering plants.Many seedsOne seedDispersed byanimalsDispersed bysplitting actionDispersed byanimalsDispersed bysplitting actionEFGHWhich of the following statements is correct?(1) Both plants E and F have many seeds and are dispersed by animals.(2) Both plants F and H are dispersed by splitting action but Plant F has many seeds unlike PlantH.(3) Both plants E and G are dispersed by animals but Plant E has one seed unlike Plant G.(4) Both plants G and H have one seed each and are dispersed by splitting action.()Answers: 1. 32. 43. 14. 25. 2Taken from Nail Those MCQs! Primary Science upper Block 5/6 Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 4/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In PlantsPollen from the anthers sticksto the body of the bee when itvisits a flower to collect food.The pollen on the body of thebee sticks to the stigma of aflower on the other plant.pollengrainspollenThe bee then travels to anotherplant of the same type.Cross-pollination with the help of an insectFlowers that are pollinated by insects and other animals usually have brightly coloured petals, fragrantscents and produce nectar.2By WindSome flowers are pollinated by wind. The pollen grains are carried by wind to be deposited in the stigmaof another flower.Flowers that are pollinated by wind have smaller, dull-coloured petals and are not fragrantly scented. Anexample of such a plant is the grass.3By WaterSome water plants are pollinated by water. The water carries the pollen grains to the stigma of anotherflower.FertilizationWhen the pollen grain lands on a stigma, it produces a tiny tube that grows down the style until it reachesthe ovule.stigmapollen tubespollen grainsstyleovaryovuleegg cellThe tiny tube formed from the pollen grain travels down to the ovule.The fusion of the pollen grain with the female egg cell in the ovule is known as fertilization.After fertilization, the ovary swells and develops into a fruit. The petals will wither and drop off.Taken from Science Partner: A Complete Guide To Upper Block Science Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 5/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In PlantsThe ovules in the ovary develop and become the seeds.The seeds in the fruit will eventually develop into new plants.Stage 2petals wither andovules developinto seedsStage 1flower (after fertilization)ovary beginsto swellStage 3petals drop offStage 4fruit grows biggerTo produce new plants from seeds, both the male and female cells are needed. Therefore, sexualreproduction takes place in plants. In order for new plants to grow and develop well, the seeds have tobe scattered away from the parent plant.If seeds are not scattered, they will grow very close to the parent plant. This will lead to overcrowding.The new plants will not be able to grow well because they have to compete with one another for space,air, sunlight, minerals and even water.Let’s find out what the effects of plant overcrowding are.Three similar flowerpots are used to conduct the experiment. The number of seeds planted in eachflowerpot is different.For flowerpot A, one seed is placed in it. Flowerpot B has three seeds and flowerpot C has nine seedlings.All three pots are watered daily.Seedlinghas a thickstem whenthere is nocompetition.Flowerpot ASeedlingshave thickstems whenthere is lesscompetition.Flowerpot BFlowerpot COvercrowding cancause seedlingsto grow tall andthin because theycompete for space,sunlight, water andminerals.Overcrowding results to seedlings that have thin stems.Taken from Science Partner: A Complete Guide To Upper Block Science Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 6/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In Flowering Plants1.Benedict carries out an experiment to find out whether the length of the wingspan of the shorea fruitaffects the time it takes to land on the ground when it is released in front of an electric fan as shownin the diagram below.shorea fruitelectric fanWhich of the following factors must Benedict keep the same in order to ensure a fair test?A. The distance between the electric fan and the shorea fruitB. The length of the wingspan of the shorea fruitC. The speed of the electric fan(1) A only(2) B only2.(3) A and C only(4) A, B and C()The diagram below shows a cross-section of a flower.Based on what you observe in the diagram, the flower shown is likely not pollinated by wind. Whatis the most likely reason for this?(1)(2)(3)(4)3.The petals of the flower are huge.The style that joins the stigma to the ovary is short.All the reproductive organs are inside the flower.Both the male and female parts are almost of the same length.()()Which of the following is classified wrongly?Form of ittingkapok(4)animalmangoTaken from Nail Those MCQs! Primary Science upper Block 5/6 Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersSAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 7/8

P5/6 scienceReproduction In Flowering Plants4.Study the list of plants shown below.coconutcassiapong pongrubberWhich of the following characteristics can be used to group the plants into two different groups?5.A.B.C.D.Poisonous and non-poisonous plantsLand and water plantsDispersal by water and dispersal by explosive actionFlowering and non-flowering plants(1)(2)(3)(4)A and B onlyA and C onlyA, B and C onlyA, B, C and D()()What is the function of Part A of the fruit shown below?Part ATo trap air so as to allow the fruit to float on the waterTo trap air so as to be dispersed by windTo attract the animals to eat itTo hook onto the hair of the animals2. 33. 24. 25. 1Taken from Nail Those MCQs! Primary Science upper Block 5/6 Singapore Asia Publishers Pte LtdWebsite: www.sapgrp.com Facebook: Singapore-Asia-PublishersAnswers: 1. 3(1)(2)(3)(4)SAPSCSP5&6 W01Page 8/8

ScieNce PartNer: a complete Guide to Upper Block Science. Reproduction In Plants. Living things reproduce to ensure that there will be members of their own kind left on earth after they . die. In other words, living things reproduce to ensure continuity of their species. Reproduction In Plants. Plants can reproduce in different ways.

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