X3D Graphics And VR - Open Standards For Real-Time 3D .

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X3D Graphics and VRDon BrutzmanWeb3D ConsortiumW3C Workshop, Virtual Reality (VR) and the WebSan Jose California USA19-20 October 2016

Web3D Consortiumwww.web3D.org Web3D Consortium founded in 1998 to protect, support and advancethe Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) specificationContinued efforts on new technology by multiple working groups led itssuccessor, Extensible 3D (X3D) Graphics International StandardNon-profit organization ensures that X3D remains royalty free, relevant Partnership of industry, agency, academic and professional members Many stakeholders with archival stability and “staying power”Liaison relationships with key standards organizations worldwide

What is Extensible 3D (X3D) Graphics?X3D is a royalty-free open-standard file format Communicate animated 3D scenes using XML, in Web pages or separate Run-time architecture for consistent user interaction ISO-ratified standard for storage, retrieval and playback of real-time 3Dgraphics content Enables network communication of 3D data across applications, andprovides archival publishing format for 3D models on the Web Rich set of componentized features for engineering and scientificvisualization, CAD and architecture, medical visualization, training andsimulation, multimedia, entertainment, education, and moreMultiple encodings, common basis

Family of standardsfor X3D on the Web.wrl, .wrzVRML 97SpecificationISO 14772-2X3D FileEncodings.x3dvClassicVRMLEncodingISO tionISO 19776-3.x3dXML EncodingDTD, SchemaISO 19776-1X3DAbstract, APISpecificationsISO 19775-1,2RecommendationsDICOMH-AnimScene AccessInterface (SAI)JavaScene AccessInterface (SAI)ECMAScriptISO 19777-2RecommendationsComposable and adaptable structuresthat play consistently via many formsW3CDOMDocumentObject ModelISO 19777-1W3CProgrammingLanguageBindings

X3D design rationale: platform independence 3D content defined in device-neutral, language-neutral fashion Example: “selection” rather than button/point click/activate/gesture/etc. Those modalities can each be applied coherently, rather than uniquely Aligned with Web architecture Declarative, augmented by Scripts for imperative activity URL for anchors, files, streams, etc. Media types, protocols, etc. Adaptation and reuse, rather than compilation/version dependencies

How Important is Stability? 3D graphics authors create wonderful content, but it tends to “timeout” and break after 2-3 years, simply becoming no longer usable dueto software changes, company acquisitions/shutdowns, etc. Creating quality 3D content is expensive, both time & software costs Something just as expensive: recreating identical quality 3D contentwhen underlying software/hardware technology might no longer work X3D provides an accessible archival approach for publishing 3D content

Virtual Reality Exemplars

VR content in browsers,HMDs, CAVES, scannersSamsung GearVR – X3D Loader – Mitch WilliamsVR Hackathon, San Francisco, March 2016Sony GearVRFVR HackathonSan FranciscoMarch 2016

Mixed Augmented Reality (MAR)X3DOM player, Google CardboardISO Mixed Augmented Reality(MAR) Reference Model Collaborative joint ad hoc group(JAHG) between ISO SC24, 29 Describes common terminology,use cases, baseline technologies,and architectural commonalitiesfor all MAR applications X3D v4.0 is aligning with HTML5,X3D v4.1 adds MAR, VR support

Mixed Augmented Reality(MAR) Exemplars

Strategic opportunities continue Open Web Platform (OWP)X3D Graphics fits right inXML scene included in HTML pageFull integration with DOM and CSSTransparency, can float above pageShape Resource Container (SRC) forprogressive geometry compression Matching XML, VRML, JSON encodings Open source players: X3DOM, Cobweb Note that even more is possible:Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) Smaller size, beats zip/gzip/cbor/etc.Faster performance decompressingReduces power consumptionNow XML, JSON, CSS; more to followXML SecurityReference: Dave Raggett, The Open Web Platform, 2013scenes (documents) fits in with HTML, similar to SVG and MathML Digital signature authentication Encryption, alternate algorithms OK Investigating use of Canonical EXI forconsistent approach throughout

Suggested Considerations“Content is King”Think big, beyond the deviceWearing a head-mounted display is an act of trustVR is part of a larger, longer-term Web ecosystemWeb3D and X3D participation are always welcome

Additional Informationwww.web3D.org

Interoperability - what’s the difference?Multiple paths, but often confused as equal Standard: proven process for content interoperability,scalability, compatibility, licensing, growth, success Specification: Algorithm descriptions, necessary detail But might hide royalty problems such as GIF imagery debacleOpen source software: pile of (maybe repeatable) code But: usage licensing is not same as source-code licensingMarket share dominance: biggest competitor wins? Companies (or at least investors) hope to “own” 3D But: many defunct companies, dead-end technologies Everyone ends up with much smaller market than the Web

VR Hackathon vrhackathon.com

X3D assets are numerous Web3D Consortium web3D.org X3D Resources X3D Tooltips X3D Scene Authoring Hints X3D Specifications family X3D Validator Quality Assurance XML DTD, Schema, Schematron JSON Schema, regexes 3800 open-source examples Active community 7 active working groups Annual Web3D Conference Commercial and open sourceplayers , tools, implementations Dozens of converters, importers YouTube playlists for VR, MAR Twitter for Web3D Consortium Books and documentation

Multiple active Web3D initiatives 3D printing and 3D scanning integration with CAD profile Workflows and toolchains, import/export, best practices Cultural and natural heritage for archival publication Geospatial visualization and Humanoid Animation (H-Anim) Medical applications support for archival 3D medical records 3D Annotations: heritage, medical, geospatial, CAD/printing/scanning X3D Object Model refinement and codebase autogeneration and more. Declarative 3D publishing using the Web.

X3D Profile for 3D Printing and Scanning New work by Web3D Consortium has commenced Initial drafting stage, now determining requirements Today’s workshop, X3D Profile 3D Printing and Scanning Recognize 3D printers are a “vertical” capabilitydomain of end users, tool developers, hardwaresystems, workflows Recognition that 3D scanning is a rapidly emergingcomplement with overlapping technical requirements How big an overlap? 3D printing is bits into atoms 3D scanning is atoms into bits

X3D Specification RelationshipsNow adding: X3D Object Model,directly derived from X3D Schema,to produce autogenerated APIS

ContactDon Brutzman, anCode USW/Br, Naval Postgraduate SchoolMonterey California 93943-5000 USA1.831.656.2149 work20

Oct 18, 2016 · What is Extensible 3D (X3D) Graphics? X3D is a royalty-free open-standard file format Communicate animated 3D scenes using XML, in Web pages or separate Run-time architecture for consistent user interaction ISO-ratified standard for storage, retrieval and playback of real -time 3D graphics content

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Tell me and I'll forget; show me and I may remember; involve me and I'll understand. Chinese Proverb. FooterChapterTitle 2 2 Tutorial Resources Today X3D for Web Authors book Chapter s

X3D profile suitable for mobile devices. Many people are especially interested in lightweight AR that they can use as part of GPS-aware mobile devices. It is sometimes tempting to think of a mobile device as simply a rotatable 2D display situated within the 3D real world. However, 2D displays by themselves can be limiting and oversimplified.

Blender includes support for X3D out-of-the-box. 2.7 was decent; 2.8 broke a lot of things; 2.82 restores basic functions CastleGameEngine support another path for getting animation data from Blender

Interactive graphics rggobi (GGobi) Link iplots Link Open GL (rgl) Link Graphics and Data Visualization in R Overview Slide 5/121. . Graphics and Data Visualization in R Graphics Environments Base Graphics Slide 16/121. Line Plot: Single Data Set plot(y[,1], type "l", lwd 2, col "blue") 2 4 6 8 10 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 Index

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