315R-18: Guide To Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design Details
Guide to PresentingReinforcing Steel DesignDetailsACI 315R-18Reported by Joint ACI-CRSI Committee 315
First PrintingJanuary 2018ISBN: 978-1-945487-96-5Guide to Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design DetailsCopyright by the American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI. All rights reserved. This materialmay not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or otherdistribution and storage media, without the written consent of ACI.The technical committees responsible for ACI committee reports and standards strive to avoidambiguities, omissions, and errors in these documents. In spite of these efforts, the users of ACIdocuments occasionally find information or requirements that may be subject to more than oneinterpretation or may be incomplete or incorrect. Users who have suggestions for the improvement ofACI documents are requested to contact ACI via the errata website at px. Proper use of this document includes periodically checking for errata for the mostup-to-date revisions.ACI committee documents are intended for the use of individuals who are competent to evaluate thesignificance and limitations of its content and recommendations and who will accept responsibility forthe application of the material it contains. Individuals who use this publication in any way assume allrisk and accept total responsibility for the application and use of this information.All information in this publication is provided “as is” without warranty of any kind, either express orimplied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particularpurpose or non-infringement.ACI and its members disclaim liability for damages of any kind, including any special, indirect, incidental,or consequential damages, including without limitation, lost revenues or lost profits, which may resultfrom the use of this publication.It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish health and safety practices appropriateto the specific circumstances involved with its use. ACI does not make any representations with regardto health and safety issues and the use of this document. The user must determine the applicability ofall regulatory limitations before applying the document and must comply with all applicable laws andregulations, including but not limited to, United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration(OSHA) health and safety standards.Participation by governmental representatives in the work of the American Concrete Institute and inthe development of Institute standards does not constitute governmental endorsement of ACI or thestandards that it develops.Order information: ACI documents are available in print, by download, through electronic subscription,or reprint and may be obtained by contacting ACI.Most ACI standards and committee reports are gathered together in the annually revised the ACICollection of Concrete Codes, Specifications, and Practices.American Concrete Institute38800 Country Club DriveFarmington Hills, MI 48331Phone: 1.248.848.3700Fax: 1.248.848.3701www.concrete.org
ACI 315R-18Guide to Presenting Reinforcing Steel Design DetailsReported by Joint ACI-CRSI Committee 315Richard H. Birley, ChairMark Douglas AgeeGregory P. BirleyDavid H. DeValveGrant DohertyAnthony L. Felder, SecretaryPedro EstradaDavid A. Grundler Jr.Robert W. HallTodd R. HawkinsonDennis L. HunterDavid W. JohnstonWilliam M. KlormanJaved B. MalikChristopher J. PerryPeter ZdgiebloskiConsulting MemberDale RinehartThis document guides designers of concrete structures how todetermine information and design details that are required toprepare reinforcing steel fabrication details and placing drawings.The guide stresses the importance of this information to ensure thatthe reinforcing steel detailer effectively and accurately captures theintent of the designer, presenting it in a manner that is clear andunambiguous to the reinforcing steel fabricator and placer. Recommendations are also provided concerning the review of placingdrawings.CHAPTER 3—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS, p. 23.1—Building information modeling (BIM), p. 23.2—Tolerance considerations, p. 43.3—General cautions, p. 113.4—Drawing types and purposes, p. 12CHAPTER 4—STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS, p. 124.1—Scope, p. 124.2—General, p. 124.3—Order of sheets, p. 134.4—General notes sheets, p. 134.5—Plan sheets, p. 204.6—Elevation sheets, p. 224.7—Section sheets, p. 234.8—Large-scale view sheets, p. 234.9—Detail sheets, p. 244.10—Schedule and diagram sheets, p. 264.11—Foundation sheets and schedules, p. 314.12—User-defined sheets, p. 324.13—Three-dimensional representations, p. 32Keywords: concrete structures; design details; detailing; engineeringdrawings; fabrication details; placing drawings; reinforcement; reinforcingsteel; tolerances.CONTENTSCHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE, p. 21.1—Introduction, p. 21.2—Scope, p. 2CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS, p. 22.1—Notation, p. 22.2—Definitions, p. 2CHAPTER 5—DESIGNING FORCONSTRUCTABILITY, p. 325.1—Defining requirements for concrete cover, clearance,development, and splices, p. 335.2—Defining bar placing configuration, p. 335.3—Foundations, p. 345.4—Walls, p. 365.5—Columns, p. 405.6—Beams, p. 42ACI Committee Reports, Guides, and Commentaries areintended for guidance in planning, designing, executing, andinspecting construction. This document is intended for the useof individuals who are competent to evaluate the significanceand limitations of its content and recommendations and whowill accept responsibility for the application of the material itcontains. The American Concrete Institute disclaims any andall responsibility for the stated principles. The Institute shallnot be liable for any loss or damage arising therefrom.Reference to this document shall not be made in contractdocuments. If items found in this document are desired bythe Architect/Engineer to be a part of the contract documents,they shall be restated in mandatory language for incorporationby the Architect/Engineer.ACI 315R-18 supersedes ACI 315-99 and was adopted and published January 2018.Copyright 2018, American Concrete Institute.All rights reserved including rights of reproduction and use in any form or byany means, including the making of copies by any photo process, or by electronicor mechanical device, printed, written, or oral, or recording for sound or visualreproduction or for use in any knowledge or retrieval system or device, unlesspermission in writing is obtained from the copyright proprietors.1
2GUIDE TO PRESENTING REINFORCING STEEL DESIGN DETAILS (ACI 315.1R-18)5.7—Slabs, p. 43CHAPTER 6—REVIEW OF PLACING DRAWINGS,p. 466.1—Scope, p. 466.2—Definition, p. 466.3—Overview, p. 466.4—Procedure, p. 466.5—Review of placing drawings, p. 486.6—Levels of approval, p. 49CHAPTER 7—REFERENCES, p. 49Authored documents, p. 50CHAPTER 1—INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE1.1—IntroductionThe purpose of this document is to guide the licenseddesign professional (LDP) in determining the informationa reinforcing steel detailer requires to properly prepare reinforcing steel fabrication details and placing drawings. Guidance to the LDP is provided on how to present that information on their structural drawings so that the design intent iseffectively and accurately conveyed.The intent of this guide is to encourage clarity and consistency in reinforcing steel design details to help improvethe quality and uniformity of steel reinforcement detailing,fabrication, and installation. It is intended to facilitate clearcommunication between LDPs, reinforcing steel detailers,fabricators, and placers by encouraging clear presentationof design details and information. Information presented isconsistent with the requirements and recommendations ofseveral ACI documents, including ACI 318, ACI 301, ACI117, ACI 131.1R, and ACI 132R.dagg db fc′ fy h ℓd ℓdh ℓext Vu nominal maximum size of coarse aggregate, in. (mm)nominal diameter of bar or wire, in. (mm)specified compressive strength of concrete, psi(MPa)specified yield strength for nonprestressed reinforcement, psi (MPa)overall thickness, height, or depth of member, in.(mm)development length in tension of deformed bar,deformed wire, or plain and deformed welded wirereinforcement, in. (mm)development length in tension of deformed bar ordeformed wire with a standard hook, measuredfrom outside end of hook, point of tangency, towardcritical section, in. (mm)straight extension at the end of a standard hook, in.(mm)factored shear force1.2—ScopeThis guide provides general and specific information, aswell as illustrative design details that are required for steelreinforced concrete members such as slabs, beams, andcolumns. The importance of this information is emphasizedto ensure that the reinforcing steel detailer effectively andaccurately captures the intent of the LDP, and presents it in amanner that is clear and unambiguous to the reinforcing steelfabricator and placer. Recommendations are also providedconcerning the review of placing drawings by the LDP.2.2—DefinitionsACI provides a comprehensive list of definitions throughan online resource, ACI Concrete Terminology. The definitions provided herein complement that resource.design details—drawings or other information presentedby the licensed design professional (LDP) defining steelreinforcement sizes, locations, clearances, splices, geometry, points of termination, relationships, and tolerances.detailer—person, firm, or corporation producing the reinforcing steel fabrication details and placing drawings basedon the design drawings and design details for the structure.detailing—the process of determining fabrication detailsbased on design details.fabrication details—dimensions and geometry of steelreinforcement determined for fabrication.fabricator—person, firm, or corporation producing thereinforcing steel cut and bent to needed dimensions andgeometry.federated model—a building information model (BIM)that electronically links, but does not merge, single-discipline models together for analysis or presentation; the modeldatabases remain distinct and are not combined into a singledatabase.placing drawings—detailed drawings that give the quantity, size, dimensions, spacing, locations, and other information required for reinforcement fabrication and installation.CHAPTER 2—NOTATION AND DEFINITIONSCHAPTER 3—GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS2.1—NotationAg gross area of concrete section, in.2 (mm2) where fora hollow section, Ag is the area of the concrete onlyand does not include the area of the void(s)Ast total area of nonprestressed longitudinal reinforcement, including bars or steel shapes and excludingprestressing reinforcement, in.2 (mm2)b width of member, in. (mm)d distance from extreme compression fiber to centroidof tension reinforcement, in. (mm)3.1—Building information modeling (BIM)3.1.1 Introduction to BIM—Building informationmodeling is a three-dimensional process used to generateand manage digital models of buildings and other structures.This process is used by those who plan, design, and buildstructures, as well as those who manage these facilities. Theprocess involves creating and maintaining intelligent modelswith attributes that represent characteristics of a facility andcontain parametric data about the elements within the model.Many software packages exist that fall within the definitionAmerican Concrete Institute – Copyrighted Material – www.concrete.org
GUIDE TO PRESENTING REINFORCING STEEL DESIGN DETAILS (ACI 315.1R-18) of BIM; each of these have distinct advantages to varyingelements of the life cycle of a facility, from its design toconstruction through operation.Although the focus of most BIM discussions center on thethree-dimensional virtual model, the parametric data is ofequal importance. The following is from the National BIMStandard-United States (NBIMS-US 2015):Building Information Model: Is the DIGITALREPRESENTATION of physical and functionalcharacteristics of a facility. As such it serves as ashared knowledge resource for information abouta facility, forming a reliable basis for decisionsduring its life cycle from inception onwards.In general, what makes BIM different than simple threedimensional modeling is more information; not only is it avirtual mockup of a structure, but also a relational databaseof information.A building information model is applied to the details ofconcrete reinforcement in the design and construction phasesof a structure. In the design phase, BIM is often used bythe design team to define the physical characteristics of theconcrete to be reinforced by defining concrete edges in physical space, and reinforcement information using either datawithin the concrete elements or physical representations ofthe reinforcement. During the construction phase, concretegeometry is often further developed to the level required forconstruction, and reinforcement is defined to a level fromwhich it can be fabricated and installed. The definition of thelevel of modeling, which is known as the Level of Development (LOD), is a key concept described as follows.3.1.2 Level of Development—The content and reliability ofa BIM is defined by an industry standard referred to as theLevel of Development (LOD). The American Institute ofArchitects (AIA) and BIMForum have developed an LODspecification (2016) to standardize these definitions. Thespecification enables BIM stakeholders to specify and discusswith precision the content and reliability of models at differentstages of the design and construction process. The LOD specification incorporates the AIA definition from the AIA G202 2013 form and is organized in The Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) UniFormat (2010), which defines theimportant properties of model elements at various levels ofdevelopment. This establishes a framework that allows modelcreators and users to establish reliable uses for the model. Theintent
several ACI documents, including ACI 318, ACI 301, ACI 117, ACI 131.1R, and ACI 132R. 1.2—Scope This guide provides general and specific information, as well as illustrative design details that are required for steel-reinforced concrete members such as slabs, beams, and columns. The importance of this information is emphasized
the q11ality and uniformity of steel reinforcement detailing, fab rication, and installation. It is intended to fac ilitate clear communication between LDPs, reinforcing steel detailers, fab ricators, and placers by encouraging clear presentation of design details and information. .
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