An Introduction To Genetic Genealogy

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An Introduction toGenetic GenealogyDavid A. Pikedapike@math.mun.caPresented To:Family History Society of Newfoundland and Labrador24 January 2006Slide 1 of 21

Overview Genetic Genealogy using genetic analysis as a genealogical tool relies on two special types of DNA (one for direct male line and one for direct female line) Some of my experiences with genetic genealogy Pike Surname DNA Project started in summer of 2004 currently has 24 participants (2 from Newfoundland) my direct female line (English Harbour, Trinity Bay) Other information and resourcesAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 2 of 21

My Pedigree – Where I got my DNAJohn Elizabeth Herbert LydiaAbijah Elfreda William KatiePike Greening Quinton Greening Sheppard Noel Hobbs FordAlfredAuroraAmbroseAngusBessieBessieDavidAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 3 of 21

Two Special Types of DNA mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) Everybody has mtDNA. It is inherited from one’s mother. Y-DNA (the Y chromosome) Only males possess Y-DNA. It is inherited from one’s father.What makes these types of DNA special is that they do notundergo the mixing that happens to most DNA at conception.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 4 of 21

Inheritance of mtDNAMaleFemaleEither Male or FemaleAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 5 of 21

Inheritance of mtDNAMaleFemaleEither Male or FemaleAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogymtDNA analysis applies onlyto the direct female line.Slide 5 of 21

Inheritance of Y-DNAMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 6 of 21

Inheritance of Y-DNAMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogyInheritance of Y-DNA is usuallyaccompanied by surname inheritance.Slide 6 of 21

A Hypothetical Family Tree ofAdamMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic Genealogy EveAdam, Eve, andtheir descendants.Slide 7 of 21

Inheritance of mtDNA yAdamMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic Genealogy EvePeople that have inheritedtheir mtDNA from Eve.Slide 8 of 21

Inheritance of Y-DNA yAdamMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic Genealogy EvePeople that have inheritedtheir Y-DNA from Adam.Slide 9 of 21

The Connection Between Y-DNA & GenealogyA son’s Y-DNA is virtually the same as his father’s Y-DNA(except for occasional but rare mutations).Therefore they share a common Y-DNA signature.So will any other male relatives that have a direct paternalancestor in common.The Real BenefitThis allows men to compare their Y-DNA signatures as ameans of determining if they have a common forefather.Different signatures imply unrelated paternal lineages.Matching signatures imply a common forefather,but his identity is not revealed.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 10 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?I suspect not.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?Here are partial Y-DNA signatures for two Pikes with noknown relationship, but both with Carbonear 1210141330An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?Here are partial Y-DNA signatures for two Pikes with noknown relationship, but both with Carbonear roots:DAP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17PSP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 10 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?Here are partial Y-DNA signatures for two Pikes with noknown relationship, but both with Carbonear roots:DAP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17PSP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 10 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17 Are the Pikes of Newfoundland related to the earliest Pikesin North America?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are all of the Pike families in Newfoundland related?Here are partial Y-DNA signatures for two Pikes with noknown relationship, but both with Carbonear roots:DAP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 11 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17PSP 13 25 14 11 11 14 12 12 10 14 13 30 17 9 10 11 11 24 14 19 30 15 16 16 17 Are the Pikes of Newfoundland related to the earliest Pikesin North America?RAP 13 23 14 10 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 16 8 98 11 23 16 20 27 12 14 15 16REP 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17Robert Pike, arrived in Maryland in March 1633/34John Pike, arrived in Massachusetts in June 1635An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 11 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are the Pike families in Newfoundland related to any otherPikes?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 12 of 21

Some Pike Examples Are the Pike families in Newfoundland related to any otherPikes?None have yet been found.The hope is to eventually find genetic matches with otherPikes who happen to know where their ancestors resided(be it in England, Ireland, etc.).An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 12 of 21

Another Pike ExampleJohn (settled in Mass. in 1635)?Zebulon(RMP)ARPJMPELP(DCP)REPREP, etc. 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17JMP13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 13 of 21

Other Types of Questions Three brothers settled .An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 14 of 21

Other Types of Questions Three brothers settled . What if a male ancestor was adopted or illegitimate?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 14 of 21

Other Types of Questions Three brothers settled . What if a male ancestor was adopted or illegitimate? What about ethnic background?Is my paternal line aboriginal in origin?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 14 of 21

mtDNA and Maternal AncestryMy mtDNA signature:126C,169T,294T,304C,519C, 073G,152C,263G,309.1C,315.1C {z} {z}HVR1 MutationsHVR2 MutationsThis should also be the signature for Martha, wife of BarnetBeston, who was resident in English Harbour, Trinity Baywhen the local church records began in the 1750s.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 15 of 21

mtDNA and Maternal AncestryMy mtDNA signature:126C,169T,294T,304C,519C, 073G,152C,263G,309.1C,315.1C {z} {z}HVR1 MutationsHVR2 MutationsThis should also be the signature for Martha, wife of BarnetBeston, who was resident in English Harbour, Trinity Baywhen the local church records began in the 1750s.Q: What about other early women of English Harbour(e.g. Margaret Ivamy, Hannah Jones, Mrs James Pottle)?Were they maternally related to Martha or to each other?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 15 of 21

mtDNA and Maternal AncestryMy mtDNA signature:126C,169T,294T,304C,519C, 073G,152C,263G,309.1C,315.1C {z} {z}HVR1 MutationsHVR2 MutationsThis should also be the signature for Martha, wife of BarnetBeston, who was resident in English Harbour, Trinity Baywhen the local church records began in the 1750s.Q: What about other early women of English Harbour(e.g. Margaret Ivamy, Hannah Jones, Mrs James Pottle)?Were they maternally related to Martha or to each other?Q: How can people who are genetically related discoverthat they’re related and make contact?An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 15 of 21

A Free Public Service from Family Tree DNANeed Help?Forgot Password?DisclaimerSearch ResultsSearch for Genetic Matches Enter Search Parameters Search ResultsMatching User ID KNA9C using Standard Comparison.Check the boxes of the individuals you want to compare and then click the underlined word "COMPARE" at the top of the columnCheck All - Clear AllCompare User ID Pedigree HaplogroupHVR1 MutationsHVR1MutationalDifferenceHVR2 0T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYHSRCT2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not Tested666H3T126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedPJ72TUnknown126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedQY5E2T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedFKXZ8T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYZXFKShow8 match(es) found.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 16 of 21

A Free Public Service from Family Tree DNANeed Help?Forgot Password?DisclaimerSearch ResultsSearch for Genetic Matches Enter Search Parameters Search ResultsMatching User ID KNA9C using Standard Comparison.Check the boxes of the individuals you want to compare and then click the underlined word "COMPARE" at the top of the columnCheck All - Clear AllCompare User ID Pedigree HaplogroupHVR1 MutationsHVR1MutationalDifferenceHVR2 0T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYHSRCT2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not Tested666H3T126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedPJ72TUnknown126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedQY5E2T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedFKXZ8T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYZXFKShow8 match(es) found.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 16 of 21

A Free Public Service from Family Tree DNANeed Help?Forgot Password?DisclaimerSearch ResultsSearch for Genetic Matches Enter Search Parameters Search ResultsMatching User ID KNA9C using Standard Comparison.Check the boxes of the individuals you want to compare and then click the underlined word "COMPARE" at the top of the columnCheck All - Clear AllCompare User ID Pedigree HaplogroupHVR1 MutationsHVR1MutationalDifferenceHVR2 0T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYHSRCT2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not Tested666H3T126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedPJ72TUnknown126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedQY5E2T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedFKXZ8T2126C,294T,304C,519C-1Not TestedYZXFKShow8 match(es) found.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 16 of 21

Getting TestedThe test itself is simple and painless.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 17 of 21

DNA ProjectsIf a suitable project exists, joining it may help to identifyuseful genetic matches.Most surname-based projects focus on Y-DNA analysis.mtDNA does not lend itself to surname-based projects.However, a number of geographical projects (e.g. Azores,Puerto Rico, Shetland Islands) are underway.An Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 18 of 21

Inheritance of Y-DNA yAdamMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic Genealogy EvePeople that have inheritedtheir Y-DNA from Adam.Slide 19 of 21

Inheritance of mtDNA yAdamMaleFemaleAn Introduction to Genetic Genealogy EvePeople that have inheritedtheir mtDNA from Eve.Slide 20 of 21

Resources & Related Stuff International Society of Genetic Genealogy Free membership and newbie discussion forum www.isogg.org www.worldfamilies.net Has links to many surname and geographical projects Offers assistance for creating new projects National Geographic Society Genographic Project Five-year project, started in April 2005 Goals are to track ancient human migrations Participants are provided with low-resolution signatures www.nationalgeographic.comAn Introduction to Genetic GenealogySlide 21 of 21

An Introduction to Genetic Genealogy Overview Genetic Genealogy using genetic analysis as a genealogical tool relies on two special types of DNA (one for direct male line and one for direct female line) Some of my experiences with genetic genealogy Pike Surname DNA Project started in summer of 2004 currently has 24 participants (2 from Newfoundland)

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