Prokaryotic And Eukaryotic Cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic CellsDo all cells have the same structure?Why?An efficiency apartment is a one-room apartment. This one room is where you sleep, eat, shower, andentertain your guests. It all happens in one room. It is a simple way of living in a small space. A mansionis a large, complex living space with many separate rooms. There are rooms for cooking, eating, sleeping,bathing, reading, watching TV, entertaining guests, exercising, and storage. The rooms in a mansion areconstructed for the specific things you would like to be able to do. You can live in simple efficiency orcomplexity. In this activity we will be looking at cells that are as simple as a one-room efficiency apartment or as complex as a mansion.Model 1 – Three Types of Bacterial CellsCytoplasmFree-floating DNARibosomesFree-floating DNACell wallCell membraneFree-floating DNACell wallRibosomesCytoplasmFlagellum1. The three bacterial shapes in Model 1 are referred to as coccus (sphere), spirillum, and bacillus(rod). Label the diagrams in Model 1 with the correct descriptions.2. What is represented by the small dots found in each of the bacteria cells?2. The small dots found in each of the bacterial cells are the ribosomes3. What is the name of the outermost layer that forms a boundary around the outside of each cell?CELL WALL4. How is the DNA described and what does this mean?DNA IS DESCRIBED AS "FREE FLOATING". IT MEANS IT'S NOT CONCEALED IN A NUCLEUS.Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells1
5. All the internal structures are suspended (floating) in what substance?5. All internal structures are suspended in the cytoplasm.6. One of the bacteria in Model 1 has a tail-like structure.a. What is this structure called?FLAGELLUMb. What might be the purpose of this structure?TRANSPORT, TRAVEL, MOVEMENTc. Based on your answer to the previous question, what might you infer about the absence ofthis structure in the other two bacteria cells?THE TWO OTHER BACTERIA CELLS ATTACH THEMSELVES SOMEWHERE,OR FLOAT IN SOLUTIN, NO NEED FOR A FLAGELLUMModel 2 – Animal and Plant CellsAnimal CellPlant CellCell membraneTemporary vacuoleNuclear oplasmicreticulumRibosomes (freeor attached)LysosomeMitochondriaVesicleGolgi apparatusLarge permanent vacuoleCell wall7. Looking at Model 2, list at least three structural differences (other than shape) between an animaland a plant cell.PLANT CELLS HAVE CHLOROPLASTS, CELL WALL, LARGE VACUOLE.ANIMAL CELLS DON'T HAVE THESE STRUCTURES.8. Where do you find the DNA in each cell in Model 2?THE DNA IN EACH CELL IN MODEL 2 IS FOUND INSIDE NUCLEUS.9. Do both cells in Model 2 have a nucleus?YES, BOTH HAVE A NUCLEUS2POGIL Activities for High School Biology
10. List the structure(s) that form the boundary between the inside and the outside of each cell inModel 2.ANIMAL CELL CELL MEMBRANE FORMS BOUNDARY OF CELLPLANT CELL: CELL WALL FORMS BOUNDARY OF CELL11. What is different about the outermost boundary in a plant cell compared to an animal cell?PLANT CELLS HAVE A CELL WALL AROUND THEIR CELL MEMBRANE.12. Decide as a group whether the cells in Model 1 or 2 are more complex and list at least threesupporting reasons for your choice.CELLS IN MODEL 2 (PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS) ARE MORE COMPLEX THAN CELLS INMODEL 1 (BACTERIA).1. PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS HAVE MORE ORGANELLES (MORE FUNCTIONS) THANBACTERIA CELLS2. DNA IS PROTECTED BY NUCLEUS IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS3. BACTERIA CELLS CAN ONLY BE UNICELLULARModel 3 – Structural ComparisonsWord PartprokaryoneuMeaningbeforenucleus or kerneltrue13. Use the chart in Model 3 to determine the meaning of the word prokaryote.PRO BEFORE; KARYON NUCLEUS. PROKARYOTES NO NUCLEUS!14. What does the word eukaryote mean?EUKARYOTES MEANS ORGANISMS WITH A TRUE NUCLEUS15. Based on the above word definitions, label the cells in Model 1 and Model 2 as prokaryotic oreukaryotic.16. By comparing Model 1 and Model 2, what structures are the same in both prokaryotic andeukaryotic cells?DNA, CELL MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM17. What differences are there between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?PROKARYOTIC CELLS HAVE NO NUCLEUS AND NO MEMBRANE-BOUNDORGANELLES SUCH AS MITOCHONDRIA, ER, GOLGI, ETC.Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells3
18. Refer to Models 1 and 2 to complete the chart below. Write yes or no in the box for each cell.Bacterial CellCell MembraneYRibosomeYYCytoplasmYYYNNucleusYNDNAYYCell WallProkaryoticNYYNYYNNYNYYYYYAll CellsYYNNucleolusPlant CellYYMitochondriaEukaryoticAnimal CellNYYYNNYNN19. As a group, write a definition for a prokaryotic cell.A SMALL, PRIMORDIAL CELL WITH A MEMBRANE, CELL WALL, DNA, NO NUCLEUS, CYTOPLASMAND RIBOSOMES20. As a group, write a definition for a eukaryotic cell.COMPLEX CELL WITH MEMBRANE, INTERNAL ORGANELLES WITH MEMBRANES, A NUCLEUS21. Complete the phrase below. Each member must contribute one complete sentence. The wordsprokaryotic and eukaryotic must be used:All cells are not the same because CELLS MAY BE EITHER PROKARYOTIC OR EUKARYTOTIC, AND PERFORM DIFFERENTFUNCTIONS, BE UNICELLULAR OR MULTICELLULAR22. As a group, discuss the opening analogy of an efficiency apartment and a mansion as it relates tocells. Record your final consensus of how this analogy applies to cell structure.A SMALLER APARTMENT SUCH AS AN EFFICIENCY IS EASIER TO COOL, WARM UP, AND CLEAN.CELLS STRUCTURES ARE ALSO EASIER TO MAINTAIN HEALTHY IN SMALL SIZE.4POGIL Activities for High School Biology
Extension Questions23. What effect do you expect the structural differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes to haveon their functions? Explain in detail.24. With as much detail as possible, give another example of an analogy for describing the differencebetween prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells5
25. Complete the chart by describing the function and structure in each cell.Cell TypeFunctionStructural adaptation(s) that enablethe cell to carry out its function.Root hair cell from a plantWaterSoil particlesMuscle cellrle fibeMuscSarcolemmaFasciculusMyofibrilNerve cellSperm cellNucleusHead6TailCoil of mitochondriaPOGIL Activities for High School Biology
6 Activities for High School Biology POGIL 25. Complete the chart by describing the function and structure in each cell. Cell Type Function Structural adaptation(s) that enable the cell to carry out its function.
How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells the same? How are they different? How do eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells compare in scale? B.4A: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Cell Structure and Function Background: Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells A cell is the smal
6.12AB: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Organisms and Environments Part II: A Closer Look at Eukaryotic Cells Fundamental Question: What are the similarities and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Study this cell type's characteristics to complete page 6 of your Student Journal. Characteristics of a Eukaryotic Cell:
CHAPTER 2: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS LEARNING OUTCOMES 2.1 Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells a) State the three principles of cell theory b) Explain the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells c) Illustrate and compare the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (plant &
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Big Idea State Standards . Standard 2.2 - Differentiate between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, in terms of their general structures and degrees of complexity Standard 2.3 - Distinguish between plant and animal cells. Cells as the Fundamental Uni
Archaeal cell membrane structure Comparing Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Classification of prokaryotic cellular features: Invariant (or common to all) Ribosomes: Sites for protein synthesis - aka the grand translators. Cell Membranes: The barrier between order and chaos. Nucleoid Region: Curator of the Information. Appearance of DNA by EM
18. Refer to Models 1 and 2 to complete the chart below. Write yes or no in the box for each cell. Bacterial Cell Animal Cell Plant Cell All Cells Cell Membrane Ribosome Cytoplasm Mitochondria Nucleolus Nucleus DNA Cell Wall Prokaryotic Eukaryotic 19. As a group, write a definition for a prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells, contain a membrane-bound nucleus. They are generally larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. The cells of protists, fungi, plants, and animals are all eukaryotic. Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes . 2 Note that the DNA in the Eukaryotic cell is contained within a membrane-bound nucleus. Animal vs Plant Cells Plant and animal .
Cells fall into one of two broad categories: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Only the predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are classi ed as prokaryotes (pro- before ; -kary- nucleus ). Cells of animals, plants, fungi, and protists are all euarykotes (ceu- true ) and are made up of eukaryotic cells.
