Annual Report - Ministry Of Defence
Annual Report2015-16Ministry of DefenceGovernment of India
Contents1.Security Environment12.Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence3.Indian Army154.Indian Navy275.Indian Air Force396.Indian Coast Guard457.Defence Production538.Defence Research and Development739.Inter Service Organisations97710. Recruitment and Training11511. Resettlement and Welfare of Ex-Servicemen13712. Cooperation between the Armed Forces and Civil Authorities14913. National Cadet Corps15914. Defence Cooperation with Foreign Countries16915. Ceremonial and Other Activities17716. Activities of Vigilance Units19117. Empowerment and Welfare of Women199AppendicesIMatters dealt with by the Departments of the Ministry of Defence207IIMinisters, Chief of Staff and Secretaries who were inPosition from January 1, 2015 onwards211IIISummary of Important Audit Observations-Ministry of Defence213IVPosition of Action Taken Notes (ATNs) ason 31.12.2015 in respect of observations madein the C&AG Reports/PAC Reports236VLand Audit Reports for the year 2013-14 in 17 DEO circles237
1SECURITY ENVIRONMENT
India’s strategic location and its growing global interactionsrequire engagement on a range of issues that impact on nationalsecurity with a view to securing vital national es a complex matrix of regionaland global issues and challenges. India’sstrategic location and its growing globalinteractions require engagement on a rangeof issues that impact on national security witha view to securing vital national interests.The need to enhance preparedness to addressconsequences of instability and volatilityin parts of the immediate and extendedneighbourhood remains a key priority. At thesame time, there are renewed and successfulefforts to build stronger defence partnershipswith a wide range of friendly foreign countriesto enhance international peace and stability.1.3The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) iscentral to India’s growth and security. Byvirtue of its geo-physical configurationas well as its strategic and economicimperatives, India looks to the seas andOceans surrounding it. India’s peninsularprojection into the Indian Ocean Region,astride the vital sea-lanes of the worldstretching from the Suez Canal and thePersian Gulf to the Malacca Straits, also linksIndia’s ability to engage freely in maritimetrade and commerce.1.4India is also impacted by developmentsbeyond its immediate neighbourhood and theIndian Ocean region. Developments in WestAsia, Central Asia and the Asia Pacific have adirect bearing on India’s interests. In all theseregions, we are witnessing major political andeconomic shifts with strategic implications.While many of these transitions are markedby growing volatility and violence, at thesame time, inter-linkages of globalisationand deepening economic interdependenceare also increasingly evident. Consequentre-calibrations and dynamics in the globalbalance of power, that are also driven bythe rise of emerging economies and multipolarity, have created further uncertaintiesin the strategic outlook. These factors areincreasingly being manifested in competitionand contestation between states.1.2The security situation in India’simmediate South Asian neighbourhoodpresents a mixed picture. While therewas an improvement in the security andpolitical situation in some countries, politicaldevelopments caused a worsening of theinternal security situation in others. Terrorism,insurgency and sectarian conflict increasinglythreaten the stability of the region. Amidstongoing efforts to impart fresh dynamism tostrengthening relations with neighbours in acomprehensive manner, cooperative securityapproaches are of immediate relevanceto the region. India is committed to buildsecurity co-operation with all partners inthe neighbourhood on the basis of equality,mutual benefit and mutual respect.2
1.5The continuing economic slowdownin the West, Japan and China, combinedwith the rapid and sustained fall in energyprices directly affecting major oil producingcountries such as Russia, have depressed theglobal economic outlook. The economiesof other regions are also being adverselyaffected, as manifested through currencyfluctuations, decline in exports and lowerdirect investment flows.terrorist groups, the Af-Pak region in India’sneighbourhood continues to be the epicentreof international terrorism. There is continuingconcern over terrorist threats emanating fromIndia’s neighbourhood and the transnationallinkages through which such groups are beingsustained.1.8Peace and stability in various regionsof the world are marred by the proliferationof weapons of mass destruction. In particular,the threat of nuclear terrorism continues tobe a major international security concern,notwithstanding international efforts tostrengthen nuclear security and to preventnon-State actors from acquiring nuclearmaterials.1.6Though the possibility of a fullscale conventional war between states hascomparatively receded as compared to the20th Century, the rise of new threats anddrivers of conflict, including proxy warsas part of continuing efforts by some statesto destabilise other states, have created aregional and global security landscape that insome ways is even more challenging. Risingnationalism, increasing military spending,spiralling migration and refugee flows due toman-made and natural crises, easy availabilityof weapons and intense competition fornatural resources provide added volatility toexisting fault lines.1.9Shifts in the global balance of poweras reflected in recent developments in theAsia-Pacific region, have introduced newdimensions in military and diplomaticinteractions among the major powers andregional states. This has been manifestedin renewed maritime disputes, changes inmilitary posture and great power rivalry, allof which have added to complexities of thesecurity situation in the region. In particular,the on-going contestations over islandterritories in the Asia Pacific have fuelledregional tensions that could seriously strainthe cooperative structures that have enableda rapid growth of the Asia Pacific region as anengine of global growth. With North Koreaconducting further nuclear and missile tests,the situation on the Korean peninsula alsoremains fraught.1.7Terrorism and the activities ofterrorist organizations are perhaps the mostserious threat to peace and security. Theuse of terrorism as an instrument of policyby a few states has exacerbated intra andinter-State conflicts. Terrorist groups haveleveraged new technologies, particularly incyberspace, for trans-national mobilizationand ideological radicalization, especiallyof the youth. They also continue to gainlogistical and financial support for theiractivities from disparate sources, includingsome states, and are increasingly able tothreaten regions well beyond their base areas.Notwithstanding the rise of more malevolent1.10 India has major strategic interests aswell as economic and commercial stakesin continued peace and stability in theAsia Pacific region. India’s view is that allcountries must exercise restraint and resolve3
bilateral issues diplomatically and withoutrecourse to the use or threat of use of force.India supports freedom of navigation ininternational waters and the right of passage,in accordance with international law. Indiabelieves that the current regional securitylandscape calls for a cooperative and inclusiveapproach. On its part, under the ‘Act East’policy which places renewed emphasis onengagement with the Asia Pacific, India hasbeen an active participant in various bilateralas well as multilateral fora with a focus onsecurity matters such as the East Asia Summit,ADMM – Plus and ASEAN Regional Forum(ARF). There is also a need to further improveregional responses to challenges such astransnational crime, terrorism, naturaldisasters, pandemics, cyber security as wellas food and energy security.in the economic and security calculus ofthe region. India has welcomed the nuclearagreement between the E3 3 and Iran.1.12 nviolence and instability in the wake of thepolitical transitions ushered in by the ArabSpring which promised to bring aboutfundamental political and socioeconomictransformations in many countries in theregion. However, this has been accompaniedby the mushrooming of a number of violentnon-state actors, especially terrorist groups.Major sectarian fault-lines have also beenthrown open, thereby fracturing the internalcohesion of several countries. India has vitalstakes in the region, in terms of diaspora,trade, energy, remittances, and security.Continuing violence and instability in WestAsia and the Gulf, which is part of India’sextended neighbourhood, could impactIndia’s diverse interests in the region. Thesituation in Syria has deteriorated into rivalryand competition between great powers andmajor regional actors. The scenario in Iraqremains of growing concern, especiallythe rise of non-state actors that threatennot just regional stability but have shownthe capacity to radicalize individuals intocarrying out terrorist attacks in other parts ofthe world. The fusing together of the Syrianconflict and the crisis in Iraq could pose amajor challenge, with heightened extremistand sectarian overtones. India has expresseddeep concern at the violence and loss ofhuman lives in Syria and has consistentlycalled for an inclusive and comprehensivepolitical solution that takes into account thelegitimate aspirations of the Syrian people.India has also expressed firm support to Iraqin its fight against international terrorism1.11 Central Asia continues to be of strategicinterest, both due to its location and resourcesas well as in view of recent developments inEurasia and West Asia. India has focussed ondeveloping its political, economic and securitypartnerships with all Central Asian Republics.There are indications that the region is beingtargeted by radical terrorist groups that seekto undermine the secular regimes in thesecountries. India is also keen to expand itsenergy basket by deeper engagement inthis sector with Central Asian countriesthat are major energy producers. There isalso a mutuality of economic interest inrespective markets as a destination of exportsand investment, especially given efforts atconsolidating the Eurasian economic space.The changes in Iran open up new avenues forestablishing regional connectivity betweenCentral Asia and India that would enableaccess to a wide range of natural resources inthe region. Iran occupies a significant place4
and in its efforts to preserve its unity andterritorial integrity. Tensions between Israeland Palestine are also a matter of concern.India supports a negotiated solution resultingin a sovereign, independent, viable andunited State of Palestine, living within secureand recognized borders, side by side atpeace with Israel as endorsed in the QuartetRoadmap and relevant UNSC Resolutions.has been making systematic and unrelentingefforts to counter these threats and, as aresult, the internal security situation in thecountry is firmly under control. There is steepdecline in terror attacks in the hinterland andthe violence perpetrated by LWE. However,developments in Jammu & Kashmir andPunjab have been a cause of concern,especially the cross-border terror attacks andtrafficking of arms & narcotics.1.13 Several parts of Africa continue tobe in turmoil, as violent insurgencies andterrorist actions have progressively madetheir presence felt in North, East and WestAfrican countries. Of particular concern is thegrowing influence of terrorist organizations.While, the threat from piracy in the WesternIndian Ocean has diminished, the problemhas resurfaced in the Gulf of Guinea inwhich a number of Indian seafarers havebeen affected. The activities of terroristoutfits in West Africa pose a growing threatto the stability of states in the region. Thelinkages between local groups and terroristorganisations outside the region are a matterof concern. India has historic ties with severalAfrican nations and has sought to deepen itsbilateral ties with African countries throughthe strategic initiative of the India-AfricaForum Summit (IAFS) mechanism that seeksto promote regional and continent-levelpolitical and economic cooperation withAfrican countries.1.15 The overall security situation in J&Kremains stable in spite of the focused effortsof separatists and terrorist tanzeems to disruptthe prevailing peace. This was primarily dueto the protracted operations of the SecurityForces in the hinterland and effectivenessof the counter infiltration grid on the Lineof Control/International Border. Howeverradicalization and fresh recruitment in SouthKashmir is a cause of concern. Externalfactors, including the changing situation inPakistan and Afghanistan, may also impactthe internal situation in Jammu & Kashmir.1.16 The security situation in the NorthEastern States has been gradually improvingin terms of reduction in number of violentincidents and lower civilian casualties. Thenumber of violent incidents has come downfrom 1025 in 2012 to 574 in 2015 and thenumber of civilians killed has come downfrom 97 to 46 in the same period. The statesof Tripura, Mizoram and Sikkim are by andlarge, peaceful. In Arunachal Pradesh, barringa few incidents, there is general atmosphereof peace. In Manipur and Nagaland there wasincrease in violence against Security Forcesby the extremist groups in 2015 in the wake ofunilateral abrogation of ceasefire by NSCN/K.In Meghalaya, security forces were able tocontain the violent activities of the militantInternal Security Situation1.14 The challenges to internal securityin India can be categorized into four broadthreats viz. cross border terrorism in Jammu& Kashmir, militancy in the North East, LeftWing Extremism (LWE) in certain states andterrorism in the hinterland. The Government5
groups. The signing of the Framework forPeace between the Government of India andthe National Socialist Council for Nagalim(Issac-Muviah) [NSCN (I-M] in August 2015was a positive step towards ending thecountry’s oldest insurgency. The extraditionof Anup Chetia, a prominent UnitedLiberation of Front of Asom (ULFA) leader,by Bangladesh to India in November 2015was an encouraging development that mayhelp in the success of peace talks betweenthe Government of India and ULFA (protalk) leaders. Successful counter insurgencyoperations against the National DemocraticFront of Bodoland – Songjibit [NDFB (S)] andthe Garo National Liberation Army (GNLA) bythe security forces have dealt a severe blowto the fighting capabilities of these insurgentgroups. Talks are continuing with NDFB (P)and (RD) factions to resolve Bodo issues.1.17 Left Wing Extremism (LWE) continuesto be an area of concern to the internalsecurity of the country. However, LWEviolence has been declining over the yearsdue to various efforts of the Governmentsuch as greater presence of security forcesacross the LWE affected States, loss of cadres/leaders on account of arrests, surrender anddesertions, better monitoring of developmentschemes and insurgency fatigue amongMaoist cadres.****6
2ORGANISATION AND FUNCTIONS OFTHE MINISTRY OF DEFENCEPrime Minister onboard INS Vikramaditya during Combined Commanders’ Conference-2015
The principal task of the Ministry is to frame policy directionson defence and security related matters and communicatethem for implementation to the Services Headquarters, InterService Organisations, Production Establishments and Research& Development Organisations.ORGANISATIONAL SET-UP ANDFUNCTIONSTHE MINISTRY AND ITSDEPARTMENTS2.1After Independence, Ministry ofDefence was created under the charge ofa Cabinet Minister and each Service wasplaced under its own Commander-in-Chief.In 1955, the Commanders-in-Chief wererenamed as the Chief of the Army Staff, theChief of the Naval Staff and the Chief of theAir Staff. In November 1962, the Departmentof Defence Production was set up to deal withresearch, development and production ofdefence equipment. In November, 1965, theDepartment of Defence Supplies was createdfor planning and execution of schemes forimport substitution of defence requirements.These two Departments were later merged toform the Department of Defence Productionand Supplies. In 2004, the name of Departmentof Defence Production and Supplies waschanged to Department of Defence Production.In 1980, the Department of Defence Researchand Development was created. In 2004, theDepartment of Ex-Servicemen Welfare was setup.2.3The principal task of the Ministry isto frame policy directions on defence andsecurity related matters and communicatethem for implementation to the ServicesHeadquarters, Inter-Service Organisations,Production Establishments and Research &Development Organisations. It is requiredto ensure effective implementation of theGovernment’s policy directions and theexecution of approved programmes withinthe allocated resources.2.2The Defence Secretary functionsas head of the Department of Defence andis additionally responsible for co-ordinatingthe activities of the four Departments in theMinistry.(ii) The Department of Defence Productionis headed by a Secretary and dealswith matters pertaining to defenceproduction, indigenisation of importedstores, equipment and spares, planning2.4The principal functionsDepartments are as follows:(i)8oftheThe Department of Defence deals withthe Integrated Defence Staff (IDS) andthree Services and various Inter ServiceOrganisations. It is also responsiblefor the Defence Budget, establishmentmatters, defence policy, matters relatingto Parliament, defence co-operation withforeign countries and co-ordination of alldefence related activities.
milestones in Joint and integrated planning,coordination of intelligence, Joint conductof Human Assistance and Disaster Relief(HADR) operations through DCMG andprioritising/streamliningprocurements.Salient achievements of HQ IDS, during theensuing year, are enunciated in succeedingparas.and control of departmental productionunits of the Ordnance Factory Boardand Defence Public Sector Undertakings(DPSUs).(iii) The Department of Defence Researchand Development is headed by aSecretary. Its function is to advise theGovernment on scientific aspects ofmilitary equipment and logistics andthe formulation of research, designand development plans for equipmentrequired by the Services.2.8Tri Service Seminar to Commemorate Golden Jubilee of 1965 War: As part ofcelebrations to commemorate 50 years of the1965 war, a national level Tri-Service Seminar was organised at Manekshaw Centre onSeptember 1 & 2, 2015 under the aegis of HQIDS to reminisce and analyse the events of theWar. The Chief Guest for the seminar wasthe Vice President and the event was attendedby senior dignitaries including Raksha Mantri,Service Chiefs, Ex Service Chiefs and seniorveterans besides other distinguished personalities.(iv) The Department of Ex-ServicemenWelfare is headed by a Secretary anddeals with all resettlement, welfare andpensionary matters of Ex-Servicemen.2.5A list of subjects dealt with by variousDepartments and Finance Division of theMinistry of Defence is given in Appendix-I tothis report.2.6Information regarding the Ministersin the Ministry of Defence, the Chiefs of Staff,the Secretaries in the Departments of theMinistry and the Secretary (Defence Finance)/Financial Advisor (Defence Services) whoheld positions during the period of this reportis given in Appendix- II to this report.HEADQUARTERS INTEGRATEDDEFENCE STAFF (HQ IDS)2.7HQ IDS was raised on October1, 2001 based on the recommendationsof Group of Ministers (GoM) on the KargilReview Committee (KRC) report. The HQwas raised under the overall Command& Control of Chairman Chiefs of StaffCommittee (COSC) to foster Jointness andsynergy amongst the three Services. Since itsinception, this HQ has achieved considerable2.9HumanitarianAssistanceandDisaster Relief (HADR) Operations: HQIDS played a pivotal role in coordinating theArmed Forces response during HumanitarianAssistance and Disaster Relief (HADR)Operations, both within and outside thecountry.9
joint patrolling. During the reporting year fivecycles of CORPAT were conducted.2.10During the year, HQ IDS coordinatedmajor HADR Operations to include TamilNadu floods in December 2015 wherein theArmed Forces rescued 23000 persons anddistributed 70.2 Tons of food packets. TheIndian Armed Forces under the aegis of HQIDS won international accolades for HADRoperation conducted during ‘OP MAITRI’Nepal earthquake in April 2015 and ‘OPRAHAT’ the large scale evacuation of bothIndian and foreign nationals from Yemen.Exercise with Friendly Foreign Countries2.13ARF Disaster Relief Exercise(DIREX): INS Saryu with Integral Helo (INCH)participated in ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF)Disaster Relief Exercises (DIREX) 2015 atPenang, Malaysia from May 24-28, 2015, cohosted by Malaysia and PRC. The Exercisehad a wide representation from 16 countriesand representatives from NDRF, UN and RedCross.2.11Procedure for Integrated DisasterRelief Management: With the view to rendercomprehensive support to the national effortin disaster relief operations, a procedure forcentralising Disaster Relief Operations wasformulated and incorporated in revised SOP ofHADR by the Indian Armed Forces. This willfurther simply procedures to render supportduring disaster relief operations.2.12Coordinated Patrol (CORPAT): TheShips and Aircrafts of Andaman and NocobarCommand participated in coordinated Patrols“CORPAT’ alongwith the Navies of Thailand,Indonesia and Myanmar. The aim is to enhancemutual under- standing and interoperabilitybetween the Navies and prosecute vesselsengaged in unlawful activities by undertaking2.14Cyber Security Centre for MongolianArmed Forces: As a follow up of the trainingimparted to Mongolian Armed Forces in 2014in the cyber domain, a MoU was signedbetween Mongolia and India for establishment10
of a Cyber Security Centre for the MongoliaArmed Forces during the Honourable PrimeMinister of India’s visit to Mongolia in May2015.2.18At present, the Principal Bench atDelhi and Regional Benches at Chennai,Jaipur, Lucknow, Chandigarh, Kolkata, Kochi,Guwahati and Mumbai are functional. Asapproved by the Cabinet permanent regionalbenches of AFT at Srinagar and Jabalpur, arebeing set up.2.15Defence Band (DB) and DefenceInterest Zone (DIZ): The Union Cabinetapproved the Defence Band (DB) and DefenceInterest Zone (DIZ) on June 21, 2015. Thiswill ensure faster spectrum allocation to thethree Services and DRDO, thus bolsteringinformation assurance and spectral efficiencyin perspective planning and R&D project.This will also streamline National spectrumusage and provide clarity to all Governmentand Commercial stakeholders for their currentutilisation and future planning of entire rangeof frequency bands.BORDER ROAD ORGANIZATION2.19Border Roads Organization (BRO) isa road construction Organisation, integral toand in support of Army. It started operationsin May 1960 with just two Projects i.e. ProjectTusker (renamed Project Vartak) in the Eastand Project Beacon in the West. It has nowgrown into an 18 Project Organisation.2.20BRO is mainly entrusted with taskof construction and maintenance of roadsin the border area, in keeping with defencerequirements. These roads are developed andmaintained through funds provided underdifferent heads.2.16Ganga Swimming Expedition: TheGanga Swimming Expedition led by WgCdr Paramvir Singh of DSSC comprising of11 members, commenced its journey fromDevprayag in Uttarakhand and terminated atGanga Sagar, West Bengal, covering a totaldistance of 2,800 kms. Successful completionof the expedition contributed immenselytowards highlighting the significance ofadventure to the youth, rejuvenation of riverGanga and ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’. Theevent was ‘Flagged-In’ by RM on November23, 2015 at New Delhi.2.21Cabinet Secretariat has amendedGovernment of India, Allocation of Businessrules 1961 vide Notification dated January 9,2015 to include all matter relating to BorderRoads Development Board and Border RoadsOrganisation under Ministry of Defence.2.22BRO has earned a reputation of beingthe only road construction agency to maintainroads in difficult, isolated and inhospitableterrain in inclement climatic condition. BROhas constructed approximately 51,000 Kmof roads, 488 major permanent bridges of44,500 m length and 19 airfields in theseareas of the country. At present BRO isworking on 852 roads (30,118 Km), whichinclude new construction, improvement fromARMED FORCES TRIBUNAL2.17The Government has establishedan Armed Forces Tribunal (AFT) for theadjudication of complaints and disputesregarding service matters and appeals arisingout of the verdicts of the Courts Martial of themembers of the three Services (Army, Navyand Air Force) to provide for speedy justice tothe members of the Armed Forces.11
single lane to double lane and maintenanceof approximately 19,111 Km roads, 852 roadsinclude 61 Indo-China Border Roads (ICBRs).BRO is also maintaining seven airfields. TheOrganisation carries out snow clearance on95 roads (3,000 Km) every year to maintaintrafficability to border regions.policy guidelines, the Defence ProcurementProcedure and Defence Procurement Manualare updated from time to time.2.25Finance Division prepares andmonitors Defence Services Estimates, CivilEstimates of the Ministry of Defence and theEstimates in respect of Defence Pensions.Break-up of the actual expenditure for theyears 2013-14 and 2014-15, as also theRevised Estimates for 2015-16 and BudgetEstimates for 2016-17 in respect of DefenceServices Estimates are given in Table No. 2.1and the relevant graph/chart at the end of thisChapter.DEFENCE (FINANCE)2.23Finance Division in the Ministryof Defence deals with all matters having afinancial implication. This Division is headedby Secretary (Defence Finance)/ FinancialAdvisor (Defence Services) and is fullyintegrated with the Ministry. It performs anadvisory role.2.26A Summary of latest report of theComptroller & Auditor General of India on theworking of the Ministry of Defence is given inAppendix–III to this Annual Report.2.24The Ministry of Defence enjoysenhanced delegated financial powers tofacilitate quicker decision making. Thesepowers are exercised with the concurrenceof the Finance Division. With a view toensuring transparency in exercise of thesepowers in respect of defence procurementmatters and compliance with the laid down2.27 The position of Action Taken Notes(ATNs) as on 31.12.2015 in respect ofobservations made in the C&AG Reports/PAC Reports is given as Appendix-IV to thisAnnual Report.Table 2.1Service /Department-wise break up of Defence Expenditure/ Estimates( in crore)Service/DepartmentArmyNavyAir ForceDGOFDGQAR&DTotal2013-14Actuals(Rev 8.892,03,499.252014-15 Actuals(Rev Cap)RE 2015-16(Rev 2.53860.5312,491.212,24,636.00DGOF – Directorate General of Ordnance FactoriesDGQA- Director General of Quality AssuranceR&D- Research & Development12BE 2016-17(Rev 593.782,49,099.00
Service /Department-wise Allocation as percentage to Total Defence EstimatesDGQA2016-17 (BE)DGOF 0.39%0.78%ArmyNavyAir ForceDGOFDGQAR&DR&D5.46%Air nt-wise Break-up of Defence Expenditure/ EstimatesArmyNavyAir 02400001298.396000033393.21800007708.6357100000
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3INDIAN ARMYCombat Demonstration during Army Day Parade
The Indian Army (IA) is committed to the defence of thecountry from external and internal threats across theentire spectrum of warfare.3.1The changing global geo-politicaldynamics presents the Nation with multiplesecurity challenges. While constantlyreviewing its operational preparedness/postures to meet the perceived securitychallenges, the Indian Army (IA) is committedto the defence of the country from externaland internal threats across the entire spectrumof warfare. Also, in times of disaster/ naturalcalamities, the Indian Army is in the forefront,providing aid and succour to the affectedpeople.and effective retaliation, where required, wascarried out to the CFVs initiated by Pakistan.The incidents of CFVs are taken up throughthe established mechanisms of hotlines, FlagMeetings and DGMO’s talks. Overall, Pakistancontinues to calibrate violence to keep the LCalive and to showcase issue of unresolved/unsettled borders in J&K.3.4Infiltration:Pakistan, despite its recentpeace overtures, has left no stone unturned tointernationalise the Kashmir issue. The terrorinfrastructure remains intact across the border.While infiltration bids, CFVs have been on adecline in the last three months of 2015, thismay just be a temporary phase of tiding overthe internal security issues which are on a risewithin Pakistan.JAMMU AND KASHMIR3.2The security situation of J&K is at animportant cross road of transcending fromconflict stabilisation to conflict resolutiondomain. The relentless efforts put in bysecurity forces helped the ‘Awaam’ gainconfidence which led to a high voter turnoutin the Parliamentary and Assembly elections.People have entrusted faith in the Indiandemocratic system, shunned violence and areyearning for peace and stability.(a)3.3Ceasefire Violations (CFVs): Theceasefire along the Actual Ground PositionLine (AGPL), Line of Control (LC) andInternational Border (IB) Sectors in Jammu andKashmir has generally held. In the year 2014,there were 153 CFVs along the LC and theyear 2015 witnessed 152 CFVs. AppropriateInfiltration Bids Eliminated: Duringthe year 20
Security Environment 1 2. Organisation and Functions of the Ministry of Defence 7 3. Indian Army 15 4. Indian Navy 27 5. Indian Air Force 39 6. Indian Coast Guard 45 7. Defence Production 53 8. Defence Research and Development 73 . 11. Resettlement and Welfare of Ex-Servicemen 137 12. Cooperation between th
The Defence Enterprise Learning Strategy provides a vision for progressing and improving learning in Defence. It provides future orientated, strategic direction to guide those responsible for learning that develops the capabilities of Defence's people. Mission. Our collective mission is to enable learning across an integrated Defence workforce to
ME – Ministry of Economics MES – Ministry of Education and Science MEPRD – Ministry of Environmental Protection and Regional Development MF – Ministry of Finance MH – Ministry of Health MI – Ministry of the Interior MJ – Ministry of Justice MRDLG – Ministry of Regional Development and Local Government MT – Ministry of Transport
Incomar Aerospace and Defence Systems (IADS) is a defence company with its primary focus on providing specialist support to the defence industry and the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in collaboration with Incomar Aeronautics (IA) and Evilox 381. Defence Design&Engineering Electronic systems design; Test flight and development TETA
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Introduction: provides the requirement for a review of the RSA Defence Policy and sets out the policy principles. Chapter 1: RSA from a developmental perspective.(NDP) Chapter 2: The strategic environment -drivers of present and future conflict. Chapter 3: Defence and National Security, Defence Mission, Goals and Tasks. Chapter 4: Directing Defence.
Ministry of Justice 35 Fiji Corrections Service 37 Ministry of Communications 40 Ministry of Civil Service 43 . Ministry of Health and Medical Services 60 Ministry of Housing and Community Development 64 Ministry of Women, Children and Poverty Alleviation 68 Ministry of Youth and Sports 73 Tertiary Scholarships and Loans Schemes 77 Ministry .
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dan kinetik dari neuromuskuloskeletal tulang belakang (1,2,3). II. Anatomi Tulang Belakang Lumbosakral 2.1 Elemen-Elemen Tulang 2.1.1 Vertebrae Lumbal Ukuran tulang vertebrae lumbal semakin bertambah dari L1 hingga L5 seiring dengan adanya peningkatan beban yang harus disokong. Pada bagian depan dan sampingnya, terdapat sejumlah foramina kecil untuk suplai arteri dan drainase vena. Pada bagian .
