SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION - 2005

SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION - 2005BIOLOGY P2STANDARD GRADEOCTOBER/NOVEMBER 2005Marks: 1502 HoursThis question paper consists of 20 pages.Copyright reservedPlease turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG2DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION TO CANDIDATESRead the following carefully before answering the questions:1.Answer ALL the questions.2.Write ALL the answers in the ANSWER BOOK.3.Start the answer to each question at the top of a new page.4.Number the answers exactly as the questions are numbered.5.Write neatly and legibly.6.If answers are not presented according to the instructions of each question,candidates will lose marks.7.ALL drawings should be done in pencil and labelled in ink.8.Only draw diagrams and flow charts when requested to do so.9.The diagrams in the question paper may not necessarily be drawn to scale.10.The use of graph paper is NOT permitted.11.Non-programmable calculators, protractors and compasses may be used.Copyright reservedPlease turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG3DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005SECTION AQUESTION 11.1Various possible answers are provided for each question. Indicate the correctanswer by writing only the letter of your choice next to the relevant questionnumber.1.1.1Which of the following is a reaction to a unilateral stimulus of light?ABCDHydrotropismGeotropismPhototropismTurgor movementsQUESTIONS 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 are based on the information and diagrambelow.Two potted plants, X and Y, of the same age and size were placed in the light,but plant Y was placed in a box with a hole on one side.The diagram below shows the plants after 5 days.Plant X1.1.2Which combination of the following statements is correct?(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)ABCDCopyright reservedPlant YThe shoots of both plants have grown towards moistureThe shoot of plant Y has grown more than the shoot of plantXThe shoot of plant Y has grown against the force of gravitybut the shoot of plant X has notThe shoot of plant Y has grown towards light from one sidebut the shoot of plant X has notThe shoots of both plants have grown in the direction of theforce of gravity(i) and (ii)(ii) and (iv)(iii) and (v)(i) and (v)Please turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG1.1.34DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005The reaction of plant Y is caused by growth hormones that ABCD1.1.4formed only in the presence of light.stimulates cell elongation on the shaded side.cannot function in the dark.inhibit cell division on the lighted side.The diagram below illustrates what can happen to plant cells whensubmerged in solutions of different concentrations of solutes.nucleusvacuolecytoplasmSolution XSolution YSolution ZWhich of the following are correct descriptions of solutions X, Yand Z when compared to the original cells solutions?ABCDCopyright reservedSolution XSolution YSolution hypotonicPlease turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG5DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005QUESTIONS 1.1.5 to 1.1.6 refer to the diagram below which shows a kidneyand three tubes associated with it.12341.1.5The transport of nitrogenous waste to the kidney occurs mainlythrough the structure numbered ABCD1.1.6Where would you find urine?ABCD1.1.71 and 3 only3 and 4 only3 only4 onlyAn extract from an adult monkey was injected into the bloodstreamof a young monkey. It caused the young monkey to growabnormally tall. From which one of the following glands was theextract obtained?ABCDCopyright reserved1.2.3.4.Adrenal glandThyroidPancreasHypophysis / pituitaryPlease turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG1.1.81.26DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Which of the following are voluntary actions?(i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(v)ChewingPupil dilationWalkingHeartbeatSpeechABCD(i) and (ii)(ii) and (vi)(i), (iii) and (v)(iii), (vi) and (v)(8 x 2)(16)Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions.Write only the term next to the relevant question number.1.2.1The release of water in liquid form from the margins of leaves1.2.2The movement of blood plasma minus proteins from theglomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule as a result of a pressuregradient1.2.3The part of the kidney in which the renal pyramids are found1.2.4The group of plants where the stomata are sunken into fleshyleaves1.2.5The part of the nephron where sodium ions are actively pumpedfrom the filtrate into the tissue fluid of the renal medulla1.2.6The thin outer tough membrane or connective tissue that surroundseach kidneyCopyright reservedPlease turn over(6)

BIOLOGY/P2/SG1.37DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Match the statements in COLUMN II with the items in COLUMN I by writingonly the correct letter next to the relevant question number.COLUMN ICOLUMN II1.3.1TurgorAThe part where maculae are found1.3.2HibernationBInactive during long periods of drought or heat1.3.3Semicircular canalCA solution with a lower concentration of saltsthan that in the cell sap1.3.4Plasmolysis1.3.5Water potentialD The ability of a solution to do work by osmosisEBrought about by exosmosisFThe part of the inner ear responsible forpicking up forward movements of thehead.G A solution with a higher concentration of saltsthan that in the cell sapH Sets up wave movements in the perilymph ofthe inner earIInactive during winterJBrought about by endosmosis(5 x 2)Copyright reservedPlease turn over(10)

BIOLOGY/P2/SG1.48DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Study the following diagram and answer the questions that follow.Cell BCell ASome cells of the root of a plant1.4.1Identify cell A and cell B.(2)1.4.2State THREE adaptations of cell A that will enable it to absorbwater.(3)1.4.3Give TWO pathways along which water moves from cell A to cell B.(2)1.4.4(i)(ii)Copyright reservedName the tissue not shown in the diagram which willtransport water to all parts of the plant.Explain TWO ways in which the tissue mentioned inQUESTION 1.4.4(i) is adapted for its function.Please turn over(1)(4)(12)

BIOLOGY/P2/SG1.59DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Study the diagrams below. In each one of them there is an incorrect label. Foreach diagram write down the incorrect label as well as the correct label nextto the relevant question number.1.5.1choroidtearglands1.5.2hearing regionturbinatebonescerebrum1.5.3medulla oblongataCopyright reserved(3 x 2)(6)TOTAL QUESTION 1:TOTAL SECTION A:5050Please turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG10DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005SECTION BQUESTION 22.1A freshly cut shoot was placed in a tube containing water, as shown inDiagram I below. The surface of the water was covered with a layer of oil. Themass of the apparatus was recorded at intervals for 200 minutes and the lossin mass of the apparatus over time was determined. The results of thisinvestigation are shown in the graph on the next page.The same shoot was covered with a plastic bag (as seen in Diagram II) andthe experiment was repeated for the same period of time.Study the diagrams and the graph and answer the questions that follow.transparentplastic baglayer of oilDiagram Itest tubecontaining waterDiagram IIA freshly cut shoot under different conditionsCopyright reservedPlease turn over

BIOLOGY/P2/SG11DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Loss of mass over time1,0 1Loss of mass (g)Loss of mass ime (min)2.1.12.2Use the graph to calculate the water loss per minute, of theuncovered shoot, in the 200 minute period. Show your working.(3)2.1.2Why would there be no loss in mass from the covered shoot?(1)2.1.3What should be done with the apparatus before the experiment isrepeated under different environmental conditions?(1)2.1.4What is the purpose of the oil layer in the experiment?(1)2.1.5Give TWO advantages of transpiration for plants.(2)2.1.6Make a labelled diagram showing the structure and appearance ofthe guard cells while water is being lost.A learner investigated the effect of solutions with four different waterpotentials on the length of four pieces of apple of the same size. She cut allthe pieces of apple to a length of 5 cm, and placed them in the solutions forfive hours. She then measured them again, and their final lengths aretabulated below.Solution number1234Copyright reservedLength before (cm)5,05,05,05,0Length after (cm)4,93,86,65,2Please turn over(7)(15)

BIOLOGY/P2/SG2.2.12.2.212DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Which process was responsible for the decrease in length of theapple piece in solution number 2?(i)Which solution has a water potential closest to that of theapple cells?Give ONE reason for your answer in QUESTION 2.2.2(i).(1)(1)State TWO ways in which the accuracy of this investigation couldbe increased.(2)How will the cells of the apple piece in solution 2 differ from thosein solution 3?(2)(ii)2.2.32.2.42.2.5Explain how the results of this investigation would differ if the applepieces were boiled before placing them in each solution?(Assume that they did not fall apart when they were boiled.)TOTAL QUESTION 2:Copyright reserved(1)Please turn over(3)(10)25

BIOLOGY/P2/SG13DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005QUESTION 33.1Study the following diagram and answer the questions that follow.ABCFDEA part of a nephron3.1.1Name each of the following:(i)(ii)The part of the nephron represented by CThe tubule containing cells D(1)(1)3.1.2Name the type of epithelial cells labelled D.(1)3.1.3Explain TWO differences between the processes by which waterenters the blood capillaries around cells D and that by whichglucose and sodium leave cells D.(4)3.1.4Explain the importance of the structures labelled E.(2)3.1.5(i)(ii)(1)(4)3.1.6Give ONE advantage of the difference in diameter between thestructures labelled A and B.Copyright reservedIdentify the epithelial cells labelled F.Describe TWO adaptations of structure F.Please turn over(1)(15)

BIOLOGY/P2/SG3.214DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Martin was very drunk . He had been drinking with friends all afternoon andevening. He staggered home late at night, and as he rounded the corner, he saw arival gang waiting for him.They repeatedly kicked him on the lower back and dumped him in the veld.Children playing in the veld discovered him in a battered condition the nextafternoon. He was alive. He was taken to hospital, very bruised and dehydrated.He was given a lot of liquid and began to feel better. He passed a few drops ofdark urine.Martin was kep t in hospital for observation. The next day his body started to swell,and he couldn’t pass urine.Adapted from: FOCUS ON BIOLOGY, L. Buckly et al.Note: When the muscles are badly bruised, protein in the muscles breaksdown. The products enter the kidney tubules and can block them. When a person drinks alcohol, it is absorbed into the blood, thentransported to the hypothalamus, where it inhibits the release of ADH.3.2.1Explain why Martin was very dehydrated.(4)3.2.2Account for the presence of a few drops of dark urine after beinggiven a lot of liquid.(3)3.2.3Explain why Martin’s body started to swell the next day.TOTAL QUESTION 3:Copyright reservedPlease turn over(3)(10)25

BIOLOGY/P2/SG15DOE/2005/253SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION -2005QUESTION 44.1Study the passage and the diagram below and answer the questions thatfollow.Under certain abnormal con ditions, the middle ear can become filled with athick, sticky mucus. This condition is known as ‘gl ue ear’. It affects ma inlychildren.To treat this condition, surgeons are required to drain the mucus and reducethe pressu re in the middle ear. They do that by placing a very small tubecalled a ‘grommet’ in membrane A.BCDAEParts of the ear4.1.1Identify parts A, B, C and E.(4)4.1.2State ONE consequence of a build-up of pressure in the middleear.(1)Explain the effect on the functioning of part B should mucus be leftto accumulate in the child’s middle ear.(2)4.1.34.1.4Copyright reservedOnce a ‘grommet’ is in place, the child should not go swimming.Give a reason for this precaution.Please turn over(2)(9)