Electrician’s Exam

3y ago
29 Views
2 Downloads
498.43 KB
57 Pages
Last View : 1d ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Grant Gall
Transcription

MIKE HOLT’S ILLUSTRATED GUIDEElectrician’s ExamPreparationElectrical FundamentalsNational Electrical CodeNEC CalculationsContains 2,400 Practice QuestionsMike Holti

NOTICE TO THE READERPublisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of theproduct information contained herein. Publisher does not assume, and expressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information otherthan that provided to it by the manufacturer.The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated by the activities herein and to avoid all potentialhazards. By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connections with such instructions.The publisher makes no representation or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particular purpose ormerchantability, nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibilitywith respect to such material. The publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or part,from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material.Cover Design: Paul Wright - wright@ispchannel.comDesign, Layout, and Typesetting: Paul Wright - wright@ispchannel.comGraphic Illustrations: Mike Culbreath5th printing April, 2001.COPYRIGHT 1999 Charles Michael Holt Sr.Printed in the United States of AmericaFor more information, contact:Mike Holt Enterprises, Inc.7310 West McNab RoadTamarac, Florida 33321All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by anymeans graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrievalsystems without the written permission of the publisher. You can request permission to use material from this text, phone 1-888NEC CODE, Sales@mikeholt.com, www.mikeholt.com.NEC, NFPA, and National Electrical Code are registered trademarks of National Fire Protection Association.This logo is a registered trademark of Mike Holt Enterprises, Inc.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataHolt, Charles Michael. Master electrician’s exam preparation: electrical theory, National Electrical Code, NEC calculations:contains 2,400 practice questions/Michael Holt. Includes index. 1. Electric engineering United States Examinations, questions,etc.2. Electricians Licenses United States.3. Electric engineering Problems, exercises, etc.ii

I dedicate this book to the Lord Jesus Christ,my mentor and teacheriii

Chapter 1Electrical Theory andCode Questions1Unit 2 Electrical Circuits40Part A – Series Circuits402–1 Understanding Series Calculations412–2 Series Circuit Summary44Part B – Parallel Circuit452–3 Practical Uses of Parallel Circuits452–4 Understanding Parallel Calculations452–5 Parallel Circuit Resistance Calculations472–6 Parallel Circuit Summary48Unit 1 Electrician’s Mathand Basic Electrical Formulas3Part A – Electrician’s Math31–1 Fractions31–2 Kilo41–3 Knowing Your Answer41–4 Multiplier51–5 Parentheses5Part C – Series–Parallel andMultiwire Branch Circuits491–6 Percentages52–7 Review of Series and Parallel Circuits491–7 Percent Increase51–8 Percentage Reciprocals62–8 Series-Parallel CircuitResistance Calculations501–9 Rounding6Part D – Multiwire Branch Circuits511–10 Squaring72–9 Neutral Current Calculations511–11 Square Root72–10 Dangers of Multiwire Branch Circuit541–12 Transposing Formulas8Unit 2 – Questions56Part B – Basic Electrical Formulas81–13 Electrical Circuit81–14 Electron Flow91–15 Power Source91–16 Conductance and Resistance9iv1–17 Electrical Circuit Values101–18 Ohm’s Law I E/R101–19 Pie Circle Formula121–20 Formula Wheel13Unit 3 Understanding AlternatingCurrent75Part A – Alternating CurrentFundamentals753–1 Current Flow763–2 Alternating Current763–3 Alternating Current Generator763–4 Waveform773–5 Armature Turning Frequency773–6 Phase – In and Out781–21 Power Changes With TheSquare of The Voltage153–7 Phase Differences In Degrees781–22 Electric Meters153–8 Values of Alternating Current79Unit 1 – Questions18Part B – Induction803–9 Induced Voltage and Applied Current80

3–10 Conductor Impedance813–11 Induction and Conductor Shape813–12 Induction and Magnetic Cores82Part C – Capacitance833–13 Charge, Testing and Discharging833–14 Use of Capacitors84Part D – Power Factor and Efficiency853–15 Apparent Power (Volt-Ampere)853–16 Power Factor863–17 True Power (Watts)873–18 Efficiency88Unit 3 – Questions90Chapter 2NEC Calculations andCode Questions139Unit 5 Raceway, Outlet Box, andJunction Boxes Calculations140Part A – Raceway Fill1405–1 Understanding The NationalElectrical Code, Chapter 91405–2 Raceway and Nipple Calculation1455–3 Existing Raceway Calculation1475–4 Tips For Raceway Calculations148Part B – Outlet Box Fill Calculations1495–5 Sizing Box – Conductors All TheSame Size [Table 370-16(a)]1491075–6 Conductor Equivalents [370-16(b)]149Part A – Motors1074–1 Motor Speed Control1085–7 Sizing Box – Different SizeConductors [370-16(b)]1514–2 Reversing A Direct Current Motor108Part C – Pull, Junction Boxes,And Conduit Bodies1534–3 Alternating Current Motors1085–8 Pull and Junction Box Size Calculations1534–4 Reversing Alternating Current Motors1094–5 Motor Volt-Ampere Calculations1095–9 Depth of Box and Conduit BodySizing [370-28(a)(2), Exception]1544–6 Motor Horsepower/Watts1105–10 Junction and Pull Box Sizing Tips1554–7 Motor Nameplate Ampere1115–11 Pull Box Examples155Part B – Transformer Basics112Unit 5 – Questions1574–8 Transformer Primary and Secondary113Unit 4 Motors and TransformersUnit 6 Conductor Sizing and ProtectionCalculations4–9 Transformer Secondary andPrimary Voltage1134–10 Autotransformers113Part A – General Conductor Requirements 1744–11 Transformer Power Losses1136–1 Conductor Insulation Property[Table 310-13]4–12 Transformer Turns Ratio1144–13 Transformer Kva Rating1154–14 Transformer Current115Unit 4 – Questions1171741746–2 Conductor Allowable Ampacity [310-15] 1766–3 Conductor Sizing [110-6]1776–4 Terminal Ratings [110-14(c)]178v

6–5 Conductors In Parallel [310-4]1806–6 Conductor Size – Voltage Drop [210-19(a)FPN No. 4, and 215-2(b) FPN No. 2]181219Unit 7 –Questions2216–7 Overcurrent Protection [Article 240]181Unit 8 Voltage Drop Calculations2376–8 Overcurrent Protection of Conductors –General Requirements [240-3]182Part A – Conductor ResistanceCalculations2376–9 Overcurrent Protection of Conductors –Specific Requirements8–1 Conductor Resistance2371848–2 Conductor Resistance – Direct CurrentCircuits, [Chapter 9, Table 8]2388–3 Conductor Resistance – AlternatingCurrent Circuits2396–10 Equipment Conductors Size andProtection Examples185Part B – Conductor AmpacityCalculations1866–11 Conductor Ampacity [310-10]1868–4 Alternating Current Resistance AsCompared To Direct Current2396–12 Ambient Temperature Derating Factor[Table 310-16]1868–5 Resistance Alternating Current[Chapter 9, Table 9 of The NEC]2406–13 Conductor Bundling Derating Factor[Table 310-15(b)(2)]Part B – Voltage Drop Calculations2421888-6 Voltage Drop Considerations2426–14 Ambient Temperature and ConductorBundling Derating Factors1898–7 NEC Voltage Drop Recommendations2426–15 Current-Carrying Conductors1898–8 Determining Circuit ConductorsVoltage Drop2436–16 Conductor Sizing Summary192Unit 6 – Questions1938–9 Sizing Conductors To PreventExcessive Voltage Drop2462098–10 Limiting Conductor Length ToLimit Voltage Drop2477–1 Motor Branch Circuit Conductors[430-22(a)]2098–11 Limiting Current To LimitVoltage Drop2487–2 Motor Overcurrent Protection2108–12 Extending Circuits2497–3 Overload Protection [430-32(a)]211Unit 8 –Questions251Unit 7 Motor Calculations7–4 Branch Circuit Short-Circuit Ground-FaultProtection [430-52(c)(1)]212vi7-10 Motor VA Calculations7–5 Feeder Conductor Size2147–6 Feeder Protection [430-62(a)]2157–7 Highest Rated Motor [430-17]2167-8 Motor Calculations Steps2167-9 Motor Calculation Review218Unit 9 Single-Family Dwelling Unit LoadCalculations267Part A - General Requirements2679–1 General Requirements2679–2 Voltages [220-2(a)]2679–3 Fraction of An Ampere [220-2(b)]267

Unit 10 – Questions9–4 Appliance (Small) Circuits[220-11(c)(1)]2689–5 Cooking Equipment – Branch Circuit[Table 220-19, Note 4]268Unit 11 Commercial Load Calculations308324Part A – General32427111–1 General Requirements32427111–2 Conductor Ampacity [Article 100]324Part B - Standard Method – Feeder/ServiceLoad Calculations27311–3 Conductor Overcurrent Protection[240-3]3259–8 Dwelling Unit Feeder/Service LoadCalculations (Part B of Article 220)11–4 Voltages [220-2(a)]32527311–5 Rounding and AMPERE [220-2(b)]3259–9 Dwelling Unit Feeder/ServiceCalculations ExamplesPart B – Loads32427411–6 Air-Conditioning32511–7 Dryers32711–8 Electric Heat32711–9 Kitchen Equipment32811–10 Laundry Equipment32911–11 Lighting – Demand Factors[Table 220-3(a) and 220-11]33011–12 Lighting Without Demand Factors[Table 220-3(a), 215-2 and 230-42].33011–13 Lighting – Miscellaneous33111–14 Multioutlet Receptacle Assembly[220-3(b)(8)]33111–15 Receptacles VA Load [220-13]33211–16 Banks and Offices General LightingAnd Receptacles33311–17 Signs [220-3(b)(6) and 600-5]33411–18 Neutral Calculations [220-22]334Part C – Load Calculation Examples335Part D – Load Calculation Examples340Unit 11 – Questions3459–6 Laundry Receptacle(S) Circuit[220-11(c)(2)]9–7 Lighting and ReceptaclesPart C - Optional Method – Feeder/ServiceLoad Calculations2789-10 Dwelling Unit Optional Feeder/ServiceCalculations [220-30]2789–11 Dwelling Unit Optional CalculationExamples2789–12 Neutral Calculations – General [220-22] 281Unit 9 –QuestionsChapter 3Advanced NEC CalculationsAnd Code QuestionsUnit 10 Multifamily Dwelling Unit LoadCalculations28229930010–1 Multifamily Dwelling Unit Calculations –Standard Method30010–2 Multifamily Dwelling Units CalculationExamples – Standard Method30110–3 Multifamily Dwelling Units CalculationSample – Standard Method30510–4 Multifamily Dwelling Unit Calculations[220-32] – Optional Method30610–5 Multifamily Dwelling Unit ExampleQuestions [220-32] – Optional Method306vii

Unit 12 Delta/Delta and Delta/WyeTransformer Calculations36112–1 Current Flow361Part A – Delta/Delta Transformers36612–2 Delta Transformer Voltage36612–3 Delta High -Leg36612–4 Delta Primary and SecondaryLine Currents36712–5 Delta Primary or SecondaryPhase Currents36712–6 Delta Phase Versus Line36812–7 Delta Current Triangle36912–8 Delta Transformer Balancing36912–9 Delta Transformer Sizing37012–10 Delta Panel Schedule In kVA37012–11 Delta Panelboard andConductor Sizing37112–12 Delta Neutral Current37112–13 Delta Maximum Unbalanced Load37212–14 Delta/Delta Example372viiiPart B – Delta/Wye Transformers37412–15 Wye Transformer Voltage37412–16 Wye Line and Phase Voltage Triangle37512–17 Wye Transformers Current37512–18 Wye Line Current37512–19 Wye Phase Current37612–20 Wye Phase Versus Line Current37712–21 Wye Transformer Loadingand Balancing37812–22 Wye Transformer Sizing37912–23 Wye Panel Schedule In kVA37912–24 Wye Panelboard andConductor Sizing37912–25 Wye Neutral Current38012–26 Wye Maximum Unbalanced Load38012–27 Delta/Wye Example38012–28 Delta Versus Wye382Unit 12 – Questions383Index

PrefaceINTRODUCTIONHOW TO USE THIS BOOKPassing the Journeyman or Master Electrician’s examis the dream of every electrician; unfortunately, manyelectricians don’t pass it the first time. The primary reasonsthat people fail their exam is because they are not preparedon the technical material and/or on how to take and pass anexam.Typically, an electrical exam contains 25 percentElectrical Theory/Basic Calculations, 40 percent NationalElectrical Code and 35 percent National Electrical CodeCalculations. This book contains hundreds of explanationswith illustrations, examples, and 2,400 practice questionscovering these subjects.The writing style of this book is informal and relaxed,and the book contains clear graphics and examples thatapply to the electrical exam.To get the most out of this book, you should answerthe two hundred questions at the end of each unit. Thetwenty-four hundred questions contained in this book aretypical questions from electrician exams across the country.After you have read each unit, you need to take about tenhours to complete the two hundred unit practice questions.If you have difficulty with a question, skip it and go back toit later. You will find that the answer key contains detailedexplanations for each question.Each unit of this book contains objectives,explanations with graphics, examples, steps forcalculations, formulas and practice calculation and 1999NEC questions. As you read this book, review the author’scomments, graphics, and examples with your 1999 Codebook.Note: This book contains many cross references toother related Code rules. Please, take the time to review thecross references.As you progress through this book, you will findsome formulas, rules or some comments that you don’tunderstand. Don’t get frustrated. Highlight the section inthe book that you are having a problem with. Discuss itwith your boss, inspector, co-worker etc., maybe they’llhave some additional feedback. If necessary just skip thedifficult points. Once you have completed the book, reviewthose highlighted sections again and see if you understand.Note. Some words are italicized to bring them to yourattention. Be sure that you understand the terms before youcontinue with each unit.Note: An answer key is located at the end of thebook.ERRORS IN BOOKI have taken great care in researching the Code rulesin this book, but I’m not perfect. If you feel that I havemade an error, please let me know by contacting medirectly at Mike@mikeholt.com, or 1-888-NEC CODE.Note: My web site (www.mikeholt.com) contains anyknown errors or corrections to this book.DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONSElectricians, contractors, some inspectors, and otherslove arguing Code interpretations and discussing Coderequirements. As a matter of fact, discussing the NEC andits application is a great way to increase your knowledge ofthe Code and its intended use. The best way to discussCode requirements with others is by referring to a specificSection in the Code, rather than by talking in vaguegeneralities.ix

ABOUT THE AUTHORI have worked my way up through the electrical tradefrom an apprentice electrician to a master electrician andelectrical inspector. I did not complete high school due tocircumstances and dropped out after completing 11thgrade. Realizing that success depends on one’seducation, I immediately attained my GED, and tenyears later I attended the University of Miami’sGraduate School for a Master’s in BusinessAdministration (MBA).Mike is nationally recognized as one ofAmerica’s most knowledgeable electricaltrainers and has touched the lives ofthousands of electricians, inspectors,contractors and engineers.Mike Holt resides in CentralFlorida, is the father of seven children,and has many outside interests and activities.He is a National Barefoot WaterskiingChampion, (1988 & 1999) has set fivebarefoot waterski records and is currentlyranked No. 2. Mike enjoys white waterrafting, racquetball, playing his guitar, andspending time with his family. Hiscommitment to God has helped him develop a lifestyle thatbalances family, career, and self.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI would like to say thank you to all the people in mylife who believed in me, even those who didn’t. There aremany people who played a role in the development andproduction of this book. I will start with Mike Culbreath(Master Electrician), who helped me transform my wordsand visions into lifelike graphics. I could not have producedsuch a fine book without his help.Next, Paul Wright of Digital Design Group, for theelectronic production and typesetting.To my beautiful wife, Linda, and my seven children,Belynda, Melissa, Autumn, Steven, Michael, Meghan, andBrittney, thank you for loving me.Also thanks to all those who helped me in theelectrical industry, Electrical Construction and Maintenancemagazines for my first “big break.” to Joe McPartland, “mymentor,” who was there to help and encourage me. Joe, I’llnever forget to help others as you helped me.In addition, I would like to thank Joe Salimando theformer publisher of Electrical Contractor and Dan Waltersof the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA)for my second “big break,” and for putting up with all ofmy crazy ideas.I would like to also thank Phil Simmons, MorrieTrimmer, James Stallcup, Dick Lloyd, Mark Ode, DJxClements, Joe Ross, John Calloggero, Tony Selvestri, andMarvin Weiss for being special people in my life.The final personal thank you goes to Sarina, my longtime friend and office manager. Thank you for covering theoffice for me while I spend so much time writing books,doing seminars, producing videos and software. Yourlove and concern for me has helped me through manydifficult times.Mike Holt would like to thank those individualswho reviewed the manuscript and offeredinvaluable suggestions and feedback. Theirassistance is greatly appreciated.Ray Cotter, Electrical InstructorNorth Tech Education Center PalmBeach, FloridaCraig H. Matthews, P.E.Austin Brockenbrough andAssociates, L.L.John Mills, Master Electrician, InstructorDade County, FloridaGene Reinbout, Local 449Idaho Falls, IdahoWayne Sargent, ContractorSilverton, OregonBrooke Stauffer, NECANational Electrical Contractors AssociationKurt A. Stout, Electrical InspectorPlantation, FloridaElzy R. Williams, P.E.Adjunct Professor at John Tyler Community CollegeTHE EMOTIONAL ASPECT OF LEARNINGTo learn effectively, you must develop an attitude thatlearning is a process that will help you grow bothpersonally and professionally. The learning process has anemotional as well as an intellectual component that wemust recognize. To understand what affects our learning,consider the following:Positive Image. Many feel disturbed by theexpectations of being treated like children and we often feelthreatened with the learning experience.Uniqueness. Each of us will understand the subjectmatter from different perspectives and we all have someunique learning problems and needs.

Resistance to Change. People tend to resist changeand resist information that appears to threaten their comfortlevel of knowledge. However, we often support new ideasthat support our existing beliefs.Dependence and Independence. The dependentperson is afraid of disapproval and often will not participatein class discussion and will tend to wrestle alone. Theindependent person spends too much time assertingdifferences and too little time trying to understand others’views.Fearful. Most of us feel insecure and afraid oflearning, until we understand the process. We fear that ourperformance will not match the standard set by us or byothers.Egocentric. Our ego tendency is to prove someone iswrong, with a victorious surge of pride. Learning togetherwithout a win/lose attitude can be an exhilarating learningexperience.Emotional. It is difficult to discard our cherishedideas in the face of contrary facts when overpowered by thelogic of others.HOW TO GET THE BEST GRADE ONYOUR EXAMStudies have concluded that for students to get theirbest grades, they must learn to get the most from theirnatural abilities. It’s not how long you study or how highyour IQ is, it’s what you do and how you study that countsthe most. To get your best grade, you must make a decisionto do your best and follow as many of the followingtechniques as possible.Reality. These instructions are a basic guide to helpyou get the maximum grade. It is unreasonable to think thatall of the instructions can be followed to the letter all of thetime. Day-to-day events and unexpected situations must betaken into consideration.Support. You need encouragement in your studiesand y

Part A – General 324 11–1 General Requirements 324 11–2 Conductor Ampacity [Article 100] 324 11–3 Conductor Overcurrent Protection [240-3] 325 11–4 Voltages [220-2(a)] 325 11–5 Rounding and AMPERE [220-2(b)] 325 Part B – Loads 324 11–6 Air-Conditioning 325 11–7 Dryers 327 11–8 Electric Heat 327 11–9 Kitchen Equipment 328

Related Documents:

CONSTRUCTION ELECTRICIAN INTERMEDIATE This TRAMAN, when published (refer to NAVEDTRA 12061 for availability), will replace Construction Electrician 3 & 2 and should be studied by those seeking advancement to Construction Electrician Second Class.Topics in this book will be a continuation of information covered in the Construction Electrician Basic

The application instructions list the requirements and scope of each license. General supervising electrician (S) 100.00 Limited maintenance electrician (LME) 100.00 General journeyman (J) 100.00 Limited residential electrician (LR) 100.00 Limited supervising electrician (PS) 100.00 Limited journeyman sign electrician (SIG) 50.00 .

CONSTRUCTION ELECTRICIAN BASIC This training manual (TRAMAN) replaces Construction Electrician 3 and should be studied by those seeking advancement to Construction Electrician Third Class. CONSTRUCTION ELECTRICIAN INTERMEDIATE This TRAMAN, when published (refer to NAVEDTRA 12061 for availability),

Past exam papers from June 2019 GRADE 8 1. Afrikaans P2 Exam and Memo 2. Afrikaans P3 Exam 3. Creative Arts - Drama Exam 4. Creative Arts - Visual Arts Exam 5. English P1 Exam 6. English P3 Exam 7. EMS P1 Exam and Memo 8. EMS P2 Exam and Memo 9. Life Orientation Exam 10. Math P1 Exam 11. Social Science P1 Exam and Memo 12.

GRADE 9 1. Afrikaans P2 Exam and Memo 2. Afrikaans P3 Exam 3. Creative Arts: Practical 4. Creative Arts: Theory 5. English P1 Exam 6. English P2 Exam 7. English P3 Exam 8. Geography Exam 9. Life Orientation Exam 10. MathP1 Exam 11. Math P2 Exam 12. Physical Science: Natural Science Exam 13. Social Science: History 14. Technology Theory Exam

Final Exam Answers just a click away ECO 372 Final Exam ECO 561 Final Exam FIN 571 Final Exam FIN 571 Connect Problems FIN 575 Final Exam LAW 421 Final Exam ACC 291 Final Exam . LDR 531 Final Exam MKT 571 Final Exam QNT 561 Final Exam OPS 571

Fireman Recruit through Electrician’s Mate Master Chief. The principal focus is to standardize a program Navywide by featuring the existing skills of an Interior Communication Electrician necessary to be successful in the Navy. The ultimate goal of a roadmap is to produce a functional and competent Interior Communication Electrician

Construction Electrician Basic, NAVEDTRA 11038, replaces Construction Electrician 3 and should be studied by those seeking advancement to Construction Electrician Third Class. The major topics in the Basic TRAMAN are construction support activities, drawings and specifications, power generation and distribution, interior wiring, lighting and .