FINAL PROJECT REPORT Ethiopian Roads Authority

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AFCAP/ETH/075/ATraining Programme for Improved Performance of Surface Treatments in EthiopiaFINAL PROJECT REPORTEthiopian Roads AuthorityNovember 2012

Final Project ReportThis project was funded by theAfrica Community AccessProgramme (AFCAP) whichpromotes safe and sustainableaccess to markets, healthcare,education, employment and socialand political networks for ruralcommunities in Africa.Launched in June 2008 andmanaged by Crown Agents, the fiveyear-long, UK government (DFID)funded project, supports researchand knowledge sharing betweenparticipating countries to enhancethe uptake of low cost, provensolutions for rural access thatmaximise the use of localresources.The programme is currently activein Ethiopia, Kenya, Ghana, Malawi,Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia,South Africa, Democratic Republicof Congo and South Sudan and isdeveloping relationships with anumber of other countries andregional organisations acrossAfrica.This material has been funded byUKaid from the Department forInternational Development, howeverthe views expressed do notnecessarily reflect the department’sor the managing agent’s officialpolicies.For further information visithttps://www.afcap.orgii P a g e

Final Project ReportTable of ContentsPageEXECUTIVE SUMMARY .11INTRODUCTION .31.11.21.31.41.51.6Project Deliverables .3Purpose of this Report .3Staffing.3Mobilisation and Negotiated Programme.4Contact List .4Programming .42FAMILIARISATION VISIT .73THE TRAINING MODULES .93.13.24Course Design .9Module Details .9OPERATORS AND FOREMEN WEEK .154.14.24.34.44.55Participant Attendance .15Training Programme .15Classroom Training .15On Site Training .16Evaluation .18TECHNICIANS WEEK.195.15.25.35.45.55.66Participant Attendance .19Training Programme .19Classroom Training .19Laboratory Training .20On Site Training .21Evaluation .21ENGINEERS WEEK .236.16.26.36.46.57Participant Attendance .23Training Programme .23Classroom Training .23On Site Training .24Evaluation .26BEST PRACTICE MANUAL .277.17.27.38Introduction .27Outline .27Review and Amendment .27ERA STANDARD TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION - 2002 SERIES 6000: BITUMINOUSSURFACINGS AND ROAD BASES .298.18.29Overview .29Review .29Design Manual .309.110Recommendations .30FUTURE TRAINING COURSES .3110.110.2Transfer of the Courses to the ATTC .31Further Practical Training .31iii P a g e

Final Project Report11CONCLUSIONS . 3311.111.211.311.411.5Participant Information Packs . 33Classroom Delivery . 33Practical Training . 33ERA High Level Management Workshop . 34Future Courses . 34AppendicesAppendix AAppendix BContact List . 35Details of the Training Modules . 37List of FiguresFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6Figure 7Figure 8Figure 9Programme. 5Carrying out a transverse distribution test at the ATTC . 16Carrying out the longitudinal spray rate test . 17Spraying MC 30 during the practical demonstration . 17Laboratory Demonstration . 20Technicians on site training . 21Demonstration of the site problems . 24Manual brooming during the practical demonstration . 25Air blowing during the practical demonstration . 25List of TablesTable 1Table 2Table 3Table 4Table 5Table 6Table 7Table 8Table 9Table 10List of the Training Modules . 10Training Programme for Operators and Foremen. 11Training Programme for Technicians . 11Training Programme for Engineers . 11Training Specification for Foremen and Operators . 12Training Specification for Technicians . 13Training Specification for Engineers . 14Operators and Foremen Timetable . 15Technicians Timetable . 19Engineers Timetable . 23iv P a g e

Final Project ReportEXECUTIVE SUMMARYDue to problems with bidding, specifications and quality control, the practice of thin bituminoussurfacings is declining in Ethiopia in favour of asphalt concrete. This is leading to an unnecessarilyexpensive surfacing being used on roads where a thin bituminous surfacing is sufficient to resisttraffic abrasion. In order to solve this issue, a series of training courses have been developed andimplemented with the intention of reviving skills in the design, construction and maintenance ofthin bituminous surfacings. Three groups of practitioners have been involved in the trainingcourses; operators and foremen, technicians and engineers. It is intended that these trainingcourses will fit into the existing training and education system in Ethiopia.Classroom training was included in the training in order to convey theoretical aspects of design,construction and maintenance. Worksheets were also carried out by participants during thesesessions in order to reinforce their understanding, and group discussions allowed participants toshare their experience and discuss problems on their current projects. Laboratory training on thetechnicians course allows demonstration of various tests for bitumen and aggregate. Practicaldemonstration of the construction of a double surface dressing is included in each course with thepurpose of demonstrating the procedure and the necessary preparation to participants, and tohighlight problems that can occur and how to solve them.At the end of each course, evaluation questionnaires were filled by the participants so that theycould provide their views on each of the modules, their views on facilities provided and on howthe courses could be improved. The answers given by the participants showed that they felt theyhad gained from the courses, and many stated that they believed the courses should be longerand contain a higher proportion of practical work. The courses are viewed as a success overall,however there are aspects that can be improved, particularly the practical demonstrations asthere were problems with materials, equipment and the preparation of the road base.There is much scope for the training courses in thin bituminous surfacings to be integrated intothe existing training systems in Ethiopia. The future intention is that the courses are adopted bythe ATTC; this will require a ‘train the trainers’ session so that the staff at the centre are enabledto carry out the courses independently. It is also intended that the ATTC receives accreditationunder the TVET system for the training courses. This will require full handover of the courses,including comprehensive training materials. It is recommended that effective practical training onproject sites is implemented in the future, so that practitioners in Ethiopia may gain realexperience of how surface dressings are successfully constructed.1 Page

Final Project Report1 INTRODUCTIONThin bituminous surfacings are used throughout the world for surfacing newly built roads withlight to medium traffic, and can also be used as a maintenance treatment for roads with heavytraffic. The chief purpose of thin bituminous surfacings is to give a waterproofing layer to theroad surface and prevent the ingress of harmful moisture; they can be used to seal hairline cracks.The additional purpose of thin bituminous surfacings is to give a durable, skid-resistant and dustfree wearing surface to the road.Thin bituminous surfacings are a highly effective method of sealing roads with light to mediumlevels of traffic, however the skill of surface dressing is declining in Ethiopia. Therefore, theobjective of this project is to deliver training courses at the Alemgena Training and Testing Centre(ATTC), in order to enhance the skills of practitioners in surface dressing.1.1 Project Del

September 2012, after undergoing peer review. Accreditation Report (draft) submitted on 13 March 2012. The Final version was completed in September 2012, after undergoing review by Crown Agents and ERA and subsequent amendments. Final Project Report (draft) submitted on the 13 March 2012. The final version was

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