Terms And Conditions Of Use - NASA

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Terms and Conditions of UseReceipt of this product indicates the customer’s acceptance of the following terms and conditions: NASA does not grant exclusive use rights with respect to this product or the data containedtherein. This product and the data contained therein are intended for the sole use of the customer. Thedata may not be installed on any system with public Internet access. The customer may notreproduce the data for distribution to any third party. Additional requests should be directed tothe NASA Center for AeroSpace Information (help@sti.nasa.gov). The distribution of this product shall not be construed to constitute the grant of exclusive rightsin the data contained therein or any form of license to the customer under a NASA orGovernment patent, patent application, or invention. The recipient will not assert any proprietary rights to any portion of the data, or attribute the datato any source other than NASA. With respect to data contained in this product, neither the U.S. Government, NASA, nor any ofits employees or contractors make any representations or warranties, express, implied, orstatutory, as to the validity, accuracy, completeness, or fitness for a particular purpose; norassume any liability resulting from the use of such data and shall in no w ay be liable for anycosts, expenses, claims, or demands arising out of the use of such data.

NASA/SP—2012–7501/VOL1NASA THESAURUSVOLUME 1Hierarchical Listing With DefinitionsJanuary 2012

NASA STI Program . in ProfileSince its founding, NASA has been dedicatedto the advancement of aeronautics and spacescience. The NASA scientific and technicalinformation (STI) program plays a key part inhelping NASA maintain this important role. CONFERENCE PUBLICATION.Collected papers from scientific andtechnical conferences, symposia,seminars, or other meetings sponsoredor co-sponsored by NASA.The NASA STI program operates under theauspices of the Agency Chief InformationOfficer. It collects, organizes, provides forarchiving, and disseminates NASA’s STI. TheNASA STI program provides access to theNASA Aeronautics and Space Database and itspublic interface, the NASA Technical ReportsServer, thus providing one of the largestcollections of aeronautical and space scienceSTI in the world. Results are published in bothnon-NASA channels and by NASA in theNASA STI Report Series, which includes thefollowing report types: SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific,technical, or historical information fromNASA programs, projects, and missions,often concerned with subjects havingsubstantial public interest. TECHNICAL TRANSLATION.English-language translations of foreignscientific and technical material pertinent toNASA’s mission. TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports ofcompleted research or a major significantphase of research that present the results ofNASA Programs and include extensive dataor theoretical analysis. Includes compilations of significant scientific and technicaldata and information deemed to be ofcontinuing reference value. NASA counterpart of peer-reviewed formal professionalpapers but has less stringent limitations onmanuscript length and extent of graphicpresentations.TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM.Scientific and technical findings that arepreliminary or of specialized interest,e.g., quick release reports, workingpapers, and bibliographies that containminimal annotation. Does not containextensive analysis.CONTRACTOR REPORT. Scientific andtechnical findings by NASA-sponsoredcontractors and grantees.Specialized services also include organizingand publishing research results, distributingspecialized research announcements and feeds,providing information desk and personal searchsupport, and enabling data exchange services.For more information about the NASA STIprogram, see the following: Access the NASA STI program home pageat http://www.sti.nasa.gov E-mail your question to help@sti.nasa.gov Fax your question to the NASA STIInformation Desk at 443-757-5803 Phone the NASA STI Information Desk at443-757-5802 Write to:STI Information DeskNASA Center for AeroSpace Information7115 Standard DriveHanover, MD 21076-1320

Table of ContentsVolume 1 Hierarchical Listing With DefinitionsIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vNomenclature and Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viCross Reference Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiFiling Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixRetrospective Indexing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixThesaurus Term Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ixPrevious Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xTypical Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiHierarchical Listing With Definitions:ABCDEFGHNOPQRSTUVolume 2 Rotated Term DisplayIJVWKXLYMZ

IntroductionThe NASA Thesaurus contains the authorized subject terms by which the documents inthe NASA Aeronautics and Space Database are indexed and retrieved. The NASA Thesauruscomprises two volumes: Volume 1 – Hierarchical Listing With Definitions and Volume 2 –Rotated Term Display.The Hierarchical Listing With Definitions contains all subject terms and USEcross references currently approved for use, and displays the full hierarchicalstructure for each term along with a definition when available. In addition, thelisting has been developed to serve as an orthographic authority forupper/lowercase forms of all terms and cross references. The term-added date,displayed for all terms added after April 1988, is also given. The listing includesterms appearing in the NASA Thesaurus, Preliminary Edition (December 1967),the NASA Thesaurus Alphabetical Update (September 1971), the NASAThesaurus (1982, 1985, 1988, 1994, and 1998 editions), and other terms approvedfor use through the end of January 2012. Over 18,400 terms, 4,300 definitions,and approximately 4,500 USE references are contained in the HierarchicalListing With Definitions.The Rotated Term Display is a ready-reference tool that provides thousands ofadditional ‘access points’ to the thesaurus terminology. It contains the postableterms and nonpostable terms found in the Hierarchical Listing arranged in aKWIC (key-word-in-context) index. It is a useful companion to the Volume 1listing, containing approximately 52,000 entries.New editions of the NASA Thesaurus CD-ROM are produced annually. Monthly updatesare posted on the Thesaurus information page of the NASA scientific and technical informationWeb site at http://www.sti.nasa.gov/thestermsupdate.html. Suggestions for term modification,deletion, and addition may be e-mailed to michael.genuardi-1@nasa.gov, or postal mailed to:LexicographerNASA Center for AeroSpace Information7115 Standard DriveHanover, MD 21076-1320The terminology of the earliest edition of the NASA Thesaurus was based in large part onthe actual indexing vocabulary developed by NASA during the 1960s. Other thesauri, notablythe DOD Thesaurus of Engineering and Scientific Terms (AD-672000), have provided additionalcandidate terms. The general guidelines for the initial creation of the NASA Thesaurus werebased on the COSATI Guidelines for the Development of Information Retrieval Thesauri(1 September 1967). Continuing development of the NASA Thesaurus conforms to the thesaurusstandard of the National Information Standards Organization (Guidelines for the Construction,Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies, ANSI/NISO Z39.19-2005).

Nomenclature and ConventionsPostable Terms. Subject terms that have been approved for use in indexing, and thus canbe ‘posted.’ In Volume 1, postable terms are shown in non-italic type.Nonpostable Terms. Terms that are included for cross reference information and cannotbe used for indexing. In Volume 1, nonpostable terms are set in italics.Term Selection. Subject terms have been chosen on the basis of their significance anduse in aerospace literature and their effectiveness in representing productive retrieval concepts.Particular consideration has been given to frequency of use in earlier NASA indexing and searchvocabularies, to relationships with other terms in the vocabulary, and to precise scientific andtechnical usage.Noun Usage. In general, subject terms are presented in the noun form.Singular vs. Plural. The plural form has, in general, been used for subject terms. Thesingular form, however, is employed for non-count nouns (such as snow), terms that refer tounique entities such as Mariner 10 Space Probe, and terms related to specific processes,properties, and conditions.Term Length. No more than 42 characters, including spaces, are used for any subjectterm. Various words in longer terms are sometimes truncated. Full expanded forms of suchtruncated terms are generally included in the scope notes.Term Ambiguity. When subject terms have more than one meaning in aerospace usage,or where distinction between terms must be made, clarification is provided in one of two ways:a) Parenthetical qualifying expressions or glosses are added, becoming part of the subjectterm. For example:sizing (shaping)sizing (surface treatment)b) Scope notes are also added for explanation or definition; they do not become part ofthe subject term. For example:rotational statesSN (LIMITED TO MOLECULAR ENERGY LEVELS –– EXCLUDESROTATIONAL DYNAMICS OF VEHICLES OR OTHER BODIES)Word Order. Subject terms that consist of more than one word are listed in direct order,i.e., in their natural word order rather than in an inverted form. (The Rotated Term Display canbe used to access terms by embedded words.)Abbreviations and Acronyms. Abbreviations and acronyms that are in common usagein the aerospace and general engineering communities are employed for some postable termsin this thesaurus. In most cases, USE cross references are made from the unabbreviated forms.For example:Orbiting Solar ObservatoryUSE OSO

Synonyms. When candidate subject terms are true synonyms, one is chosen to be thevalid, or postable term, and the other is provided with a USE cross reference. For example:ColumbiumUSE niobiumniobiumUF columbiumArray Terms. Subject terms with meanings either too broad or ambiguous for effectiveindexing or retrieval of information, have been designated array terms and carry the followingscope note (USE OF A MORE SPECIFIC TERM IS RECOMMENDED –– CONSULT THETERMS LISTED BELOW). Relationships with other postable terms are shown by the RelatedTerm (RT) reference only. For example: beamsSNRT(USE OF A MORE SPECIFIC TERM ISRECOMMENDED –– CONSULT THETERMS LISTED BELOW)beams (radiation)beams (supports)An infinity symbol ( ) precedes an array term in each of its appearances in Volume 1.Identifiers. In the NASA Thesaurus, identifiers (i.e., terms that designate unique entities) aretreated as regular terms and are provided complete cross references. Most identifiers are propernouns and many include a numeric or alphabetic designation for a particular model or item. As ageneral rule, identifiers are added to the thesaurus only if they have an important relation to theaerospace sciences.F-111 aircraftUFLASVTFX aircraftGSattack aircraft. fighter aircraft. . F-111 aircraftGeneral Dynamics aircraft. F-111 aircraftGrumman aircraft. F-111 aircraftjet aircraft. turbofan aircraft. . F-111 aircraftsupersonic aircraft. F-111 aircraftRT aircraftmission adaptive wingsvariable sweep wings

Cross Reference StructureCross reference relationships in the Hierarchical Listing With Definitions are shownas follows:Cross ReferencesNotationBroader TermGSNarrower TermGSRelated TermRTUseUSEUsed ForUFThese cross references have the following applications:Broader Term. This reference indicates that the term represents a more inclusiveconcept. In the Generic Structure (GS), the broader terms appear above and to the left of the termreferenced. For example:reentry communicationGS telecommunication. space communication. . spacecraft communication. . . reentry communicationThe terms telecommunication, space communication, and spacecraft communication arebroader terms to reentry communication.Narrower Term. This reference indicates that the term represents a more specificconcept. In the Generic Structure (GS), the narrower terms appear below and to the right(indented) of the term referenced. For example:GS scanners. Coastal Zone Color Scanner. horizon scanners. infrared scanners. ocean color scanner. optical scanners. . flying spot scanners. . multispectral band scanners. . . Thematic Mappers (Landsat). ultrasonic scannersThe terms Coastal Zone Color Scanner, horizon scanners, infrared scanners, ocean colorscanners, optical scanners, and ultrasonic scanners are narrower terms to scanners. The termsflying spot scanners, multispectral band scanners, and Thematic Mappers (Landsat) arenarrower to both optical scanners and scanners.The number of narrower terms is not limited. For example, artificial satellites has nearly500 narrower terms.

Related Terms (RT). This reference indicates that the two terms are conceptuallyassociated, but not equivalent or generically related. The RT relationship is reciprocal, asillustrated in the following example:radar equipmentRT radio equipmentradio equipmentRT radar equipmentUse (USE). This reference indicates that the listed term is not ‘postable,’ i.e., not a validterm, and that the term or terms adjacent to the USE indicator should be used instead. Note thatall nonpostable terms are set in italics. For example:jet airstreamsUSE jet streams (meteorology)Used For (UF). This relation is the reciprocal of the USE cross reference and indicatesthat the term listed above the UF indicator is a valid or ‘postable’ term, and term or termsadjacent to the UF indicator are nonpostable. For example:jet streams (meteorology)UF jet airstreamsFiling OrderThe ordering of subject terms into an alphabetical arrangement can be accomplished inseveral ways. The most commonly used methods are the letter-by-letter, word-by-word, and thecomputer sorting order. In the absence of any universal agreement on a standardized approach, aword-oriented modification of the computer sorting technique has been adopted in this thesaurus.A special feature has been added to this technique to sort numeric designations in naturalascending order. Non-alphanumeric characters contained within terms are sorted prior toalphanumeric characters. In Volume 2, non-alphanumerics are ignored altogether for the generalKWIC sort. Thus, embedded parentheses are filed before the alphabet in Volume 1, but areignored for filing in Volume 2. Hyphens, slashes and periods follow blank spaces.Retrospective IndexingBetween 1984 and 1993, all terms added to the NASA Thesaurus were retrospectivelyassigned to past database records using a method that combined advanced search strategies andmanual review. Most of the terms for which this procedure was carried out can be identified bychecking the term-added date that appears directly below the term in Volume 1. Term-addeddates are provided for all terms added to the NASA Thesaurus after April 1988.Thesaurus Term DefinitionsDefinitions are given for most terms added since 1976 as well as for many earlier terms.Definitions of more common or general scientific terms are given a NASA slant if one exists.Certain x terms are not defined as a matter of policy: common place names, chemical elements,specific models of computers, and non-technical terms. Other terms lack definitions because theNASA Thesaurus predates by a number of years the systematic effort to define terms.Nevertheless, definitions of older terms are continually being added.

Many of the definitions contained in the Thesaurus were constructed by lexicographers atthe NASA Center for AeroSpace Information, who rely on the following sources for theirinformation: experts in the field, literature searches from the NASA STI databases, andspecialized references. Other definitions were obtained from the following sources:AGI. Glossary of Geology, 3rd edition. Alexandria, VA, American Geological Institute, 1987.ASTM. Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions, 6th edition. Philadelphia, PA, ASTM, 1986.Copyright, the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). All rights reserved. Usedwith the permission of ASTM. The original definitions appeared in the Annual Book of ASTMStandards.DOE. Energy Data Base Subject Thesaurus (DOE/TIC-7000-R7). Oak Ridge, TN, Departmentof Energy, 1987.IEEE. Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, Fourth ed., New York, NY,IEEE, 1988.SP-7. Dictionary of Technical Terms for Aerospace Use, NASA SP-7. Washington, DC,NASA, 1965.In some cases, definitions from these sources have been subjected to minor editorialalterations; for example, to make a definition agree in number with the NASA form of the term.Historical Printed EditionsNASA Thesaurus; Subject Terms for Indexing Scientific and Technical Information. PreliminaryEdition, 1967. NASA SP-7030. 3 Vols., Vol. 1, Alphabetical Listing, A-L; Vol. 2, AlphabeticalListing, M-Z; Vol. 3, Appendixes.NASA Thesaurus Alphabetical Update, 1971. NASA SP-7040.NASA Thesaurus. 1976 Edition. NASA SP-7050. 2 Vols., Vol. 1, Alphabetical Listing; Vol. 2,Access Vocabulary.NASA Thesaurus. 1982 Edition. NASA SP-7051. 2 Vols., Vol. 1, Hierarchical Listing; Vol. 2,Access Vocabulary.NASA Thesaurus. 1985 Edition. NASA SP-7053. 2 Vols., Vol. 1, Hierarchical Listing; Vol. 2,Access Vocabulary.NASA Thesaurus. 1988 Edition. NASA SP-7064. 3 Vols., Vol. 1, Hierarchical Listing; Vol. 2,Access Vocabulary; Vol. 3, Definitions.NASA Thesaurus. 1994 Edition. NASA SP-7096. 3 Vols., Vol. 1, Hierarchical Listing; Vol. 2,Access Vocabulary; Vol. 3, Definitions.NASA Thesaurus, 1998 Edition, NASA/SP-1998-7501, 2 Vols., Vol. 1, Hierarchical Listing WithDefinitions; Vol. 2, Rotated Term Display.

Typical Hierarchical Listing With Definition① microbursts (meteorology)②(added January 1993)③SN (EXCLUDES IONOSPHERICRADIATION MICROBURSTS)④ DEF A strong, localized downdraftthat strikes the ground creating anoutflow of severe winds near theground that diverge radially from theimpact point.⑤ UF bow echo microburst events⑥ GS meteorology. micrometeorology. . microbursts(meteorology)storms. storms (meteorology). . downbursts. . . microbursts(meteorology)⑦RT aviation meteorologyflight hazardsthunderstormsvertical air currentswind shearTypical USE Cross Reference① vacuum ultraviolet radiation②USE far ultraviolet radiationKey1.2.3.4.5.6.7.Postable TermDate AddedScope NoteDefinitionUsed For TermGeneric StructureRelated TermKey1. Nonpostable Term2. Postable NoteTypical Array Term Listing① fields②SN (USE OF A MORE SPECIFIC TERM③IS RECOMMENDED––CONSULTTHE TERMS LISTED BELOW)RT boson fieldselectric fieldsfield of viewfield theory (algebra)field theory (physics)gravitational fieldsmagnetic fieldsmilitary air facilitiesself consistent fieldsvisual fieldsKey1. Array Term2. Scope Note3. Related Term

NASA THESAURUSVOLUME 1HIERARCHICAL LISTING WITH DEFINITIONSNUMERALS2001 Mars Odyssey(added May 2001)DEF Mars orbiter mission designed to makeglobal observations of Mars to improve ourunderstanding of the Martian climate and geologic history, including the search for liquid waterand evidence of past life. The three primaryinstruments carried onboard are THEMIS (Thermal Emission Imaging System), GRS (GammaRay Spectrometer), and MARIE (Mars RadiationEnvironment Experiment). Launched April 2001.GS space missions. Mars missions. . 2001 Mars OdysseyRT gamma ray spectrometersMars (planet)Mars explorationMars surfaceMars Surveyor 2001 MissionAA starsGS celestial bodies. stars. . early stars. . . hot stars. . . . A starsRT blue starspeculiar starsWolf-Rayet starsA-1 aircraftUF Skyraider aircraftGS attack aircraft. A-1 aircraftMcDonnell Douglas aircraft. Douglas aircraft. . A-1 aircraftmonoplanes. A-1 aircraftRT aircraftA-2 aircraftUF Savage aircraftGS attack aircraft. bomber aircraft. . A-2 aircraftjet aircraft. A-2 aircraftmonoplanes. A-2 aircraftNorth American aircraft. A-2 aircraftRT aircraftA2F aircraftUSE A-6 aircraftA-3 aircraftUF A3D aircraftSkywarrior aircraftGS attack aircraft. bomber aircraft. . A-3 aircraftjet aircraft. A-3 aircraftMcDonnell Douglas aircraft. Douglas aircraft. . A-3 aircraftmonoplanes. A-3 aircraftRT aircraftA3D aircraftUSE A-3 aircraftA3J aircraftUSE A-5 aircraftA-4 aircraftUF A4D aircraftSkyhawk aircraftGS attack aircraft. bomber aircraft. . A-4 aircraftjet aircraft. A-4 aircraftMcDonnell Douglas aircraft. Douglas aircraft. . A-4 aircraftmonoplanes. A-4 aircraftRT aircraftJ-65 engineA4D aircraftUSE A-4 aircraftA-5 aircraftUF A3J aircraftVigilante aircraftGS attack aircraft. bomber aircraft. . A-5 aircraftjet aircraft. A-5 aircraftmonoplanes. A-5 aircraftNorth American aircraft. A-5 aircraftsupersonic aircraft. A-5 aircraftRT aircraftA-6 aircraftUF A2F aircraftIntruder aircraftGS attack aircraft. bomber aircraft. . A-6 aircraftGrumman aircraft. A-6 aircraftjet aircraft. A-6 aircraftmonoplanes. A-6 aircraftRT aircraftA-7 aircraftUF Corsair aircraftGS attack aircraft. A-7 aircraftjet aircraft. turbofan aircraft. . A-7 aircraftLing-Temco-Vought aircraft. A-7 aircraftmonoplanes. A-7 aircraftRT aircraftA-9 aircraftGS attack aircraft. A-9 aircraftNorthrop aircraft. A-9 aircraftreconnaissance aircraft. A-9 aircraftRT aircraftA-10 aircraftGS attack aircraft. A-10 aircraftRepublic aircraft. A-10 aircraftRT aircraftA-11 satelliteUSE Echo 1 satelliteA-12 satelliteUSE Echo 2 satelliteA-37 aircraftGS attack aircraft. A-37 aircraftCessna aircraft. A-37 aircraftmonoplanes. A-37 aircraftRT aircraft military aircraftT-37 aircraftA-300 aircraftGS commercial aircraft. European Airbus. . A-300 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-300 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-300 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-300 aircraftRT aircraftinternational cooperationA-310 aircraftGS commercial aircraft. European Airbus. . A-310 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-310 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-310 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-310 aircraftRT international cooperationA-320 aircraftGS commercial aircraft. European Airbus. . A-320 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-320 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-320 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-320 aircraftRT international cooperationA-330 aircraft(added September 1994)GS commercial aircraft. European Airbus. . A-330 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-330 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-330 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-330 aircraftRT aircraftinternational cooperationA-340 aircraft(added September 1994)GS commercial aircraft. European Airbus1

A-380 aircraft. . A-340 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-340 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-340 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-340 aircraftRT aircraftinternational cooperationA-380 aircraft(added June 2005)GS commercial aircraft. European Airbus. . A-380 aircraftjet aircraft. European Airbus. . A-380 aircraftpassenger aircraft. European Airbus. . A-380 aircrafttransport aircraft. European Airbus. . A-380 aircraftRT civil aviationinternational cooperationAABNCPUSE E-4A aircraftAAP 1 missionRT Apollo applications programApollo projectSkylab programAAP 2 missionRT Apollo applications programApollo projectSkylab programAAP 3 missionRT Apollo applications programApollo projectSkylab programAAP 4 missionRT Apollo applications programApollo projectSkylab programabbreviations(added December 1994)UF acronymsinitialismsRT alphabetscodingdictionariessymbolsterminologywords (language)abdomenGS anatomy. abdomenRT digestive systemgastrointestinal systemintestinesperitoneumstomachventral sectionsvisceraAbel functionGS analysis (mathematics). real variables. . Abel functionfunctions (mathematics). Abel functionRT series (mathematics)aberrationDEF In astronomy, the apparent angulardisplacement of the position of a celestial bodyin the direction of motion of the observer, causedby the combination of the velocity of the observer and the velocity of light. In optics, aspecific deviation from perfect imagery, as, for2example: spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, curvature of field, and distortion.RT abnormalitiesanisoplanatismasphericityblurring comacrystal opticsdeviationdistortiongrazing incidencespatial filteringabilitiesUF proficiencyskillsGS abilities. aptitudeRT efforthuman performanceintelligenceintelligence testsmental performancepsychomotor performancetransfer of trainingabiogenesisDEF The development of living organismsfrom lifeless matter.GS evolution (development). biological evolution. . abiogenesisRT autocatalysischemical evolutionlife sciencespanspermiaprotobiologyself assemblyspermatogenesisablated nosetipsUSE PANT programablationDEF The removal of surface material from abody by vaporization, melting, chipping, or othererosive process; specifically, the intentional removal of material from a nose cone or spacecraft during high speed movement through aplanetary atmosphere to provide thermal protection to the underlying structure.GS ablation. laser ablationRT ablative materialsablative nose conesaerodynamic heat transferaerodynamic heatingaerothermochemistryatmospheric entryburnthrough tal interactionsheat shieldingimpingementjet impingementmass transfermeltingpyrolysisreentryreentry effectsreentry physicsreentry shieldingsublimationtemperature effectsthermal absorptionthermal decompositionvaporizingablative materialsDEF Materials, especially coating materials,designed to provide thermal protection to a bodyin a fluid stream through the loss of mass.RT ablationcarbon-phenolic compositescoolingheat shieldingheat sinks materialsnose conesnozzle insertspyrolytic materialsrefractory materialstemperaturethermal control coatingsthermal protectionablative nose conesGS cones. nose cones. . ablative nose conesforebodies. noses (forebodies). . nose cones. . . ablative nose conesRT ablationheat shieldingreentry shieldingreentry vehiclesrocket nose conesshieldingAblestar launch vehicleGS launch vehicles. Ablestar launch vehiclerocket vehicles. multistage rocket vehicles. . Ablestar launch vehicleRT liquid propellant rocket enginesABMUSEapogee boost motorsabnormalitiesRT itiesuniquenessaboriginesRT anthropologyhuman beingsinhabitantsabort apparatusUF flight termination systemsGS safety devices. abort apparatusRT aborted missionsaircraft safetyarresting gear barriersbrakes (for arresting motion)drag devicesejection seats equipmentescape capsulesescape rocketsflying ejection seatsabort trajectoriesGS trajectories. abort trajectoriesRT aborted missionsemergency landingMATTS (systems)aborted missionsRT abort apparatusabort trajectoriesdestructionengine failureescape capsulesescape rocketsfailuremalfunctions missionsabrasionDEF The surface loss of a material due tofrictional forces.RT abrasiveschippingcleaningcuttingdry friction

absorption spectraerosionfiles (tools)frictiongrinding (material removal)lesionsmetallographypolishingscoringsoil erosiontribologywearwear resistanceabrasion resistanceGS mechanical properties. wear resistance. . abrasion resistanceRT hardness resistancetoughnesslow density materialsmaterial absorption materials absorbersSN (USE OF A MORE SPECIFIC TERM ISRECOMMENDED--CONSULT THE TERMSLISTED BELOW)RTabsorbentsabsorbers (equipment)absorbers (materials)attenuatorscleanersoscillation dampersshock absorbersvibration isolatorsabsorbers (equipment)SN (EXCLUDES EQUIPMENT FORABSORBING ENERGY)abrasivesDEF Rocks, minerals, or other substancesthat, owing to their superior hardness, toughness, consistency, or other properties, are suitable for grinding, cutting, polishing, scouring, orsimilar use.RT abrasionaluminum oxidesCarborundum (trademark)ceramicsdiamondsgritpaint removalpumicequartzsilicon carbidesAbrikosov theoryRT crystal structureelectromagnetic fieldshorseshoe vorticessuperconductivitysuperconductors (materials) theoriesvorticesabscisic acid(added August 2004)DEF Abscission-accelerating plant growthsubstance isolated from young cotton fruit,leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, andfrom potatoes, lemons, avocados, and otherfruits.GS acids. carboxylic acids. . abscisic acidorganic compounds. carboxylic acids. . abscisic acidplant growth regulators. abscisic acidterpenes. abscisic acidRT plant physiologyplants (botany)absolute zeroDEF Temperature of -273. 16 deg. C or-459. 69 deg. F or 0 deg. K at which molecularmotion vanishes and a body has no heat energy.GS temperature. absolute zeroRT cryogenic temperaturecryogenicssubzero temperaturetemperature effectstemperature scaleszero point energyabsorbentsUF molecular sievesGS sorbents. absorbentsRT absorbersabsorbers (equipment)absorbers (materials)adsorbentsair conditioning equipmentdesiccantsRTabsorbents absorbersabsorbers (materials)air conditioning equipmentcleanerscolumns (process engineering)condensers (liquefiers)cooling systemsdegassingdrying apparatus equipmentmaterial absorptionrefrigerating machineryshock absorbersabsorbers (materials)SN (EXCLUDES ABSORBENTS--LIMITED TOMATERIALS FOR ABSORBING RADIATIONRATHER THAN OTHER MATERIALS)GSabsorbers (materials). neutron absorbers. radar absorbers. . antiradar coatings. solar energy absorbersRT absorbents absorbersabsorbers (equipment)acoustic retrofittingattenuatorscleanerselectromagnetic absorptionelectromagnetic wave filtersenergy absorption filtersheat sinksinsulationjacketslow density materials materialsradiation shieldingrefrigerantsshieldingsinksstopping powersuppressorsabsorptanceDEF The ratio of the radiant flux absorbedby a body to that incident upon

NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Reports Server, thus providing one of the largest collections of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, wh

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