V-RAY FOR RHINO

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V-RAY FOR RHINONEW YORK CITYCOLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGYTHE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORKARCHITECTURAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENTwritten by Joseph Lim & Anne Leonhardt, with Felix Rodriguezrevised February 9, 2012 10:14 AM

V-RAY FOR RHINOTable of Contents Getting Started(1-2) V-Ray Render Options(2-3) Material Editor(4-9) Assigning Materials(10) Using Texture Mapping(11-22) Lighting(23-24)1

V-RAY FOR RHINOGetting StartedTo get started, click on Render Current Render V-Ray. TheMenu Bar will include V-Ray. Make sure that it is the current render.If it’s not, click it. You should see a toolbar for V-ray that looks like this:If you don’t see the toolbar for V-Ray, click on the toolbar menu,and put a checkbox next to “VrayforRhinoV4.”V-Ray Render OptionsClicking the tag with the “O” brings up the options boxfor V-Ray Render Options.2

V-RAY FOR RHINODEFAULT SETTINGSThe default preset options in V-Ray for Rhino are configuredwith relatively useful settings. Be careful not to adjust settingsunintentionally. However, if you do and you want to changethem back, in the options panel under file you can click onrestore defaults.In Render Options, V-Ray gives you the ability toadjust and manipulate the: Global Switches,System,Camera,Output size of your Rendering,Environment color emmittion,Image Sample size,Color Mapping,Displacement opitons,Indirect Illumination,Irradiance MapAll these tabs open a section of adjustmentsaccording to your preference.3

V-RAY FOR RHINOMaterial EditorClicking the tag with “M” brings up the MaterialEditor box for V-Ray Render Options.V-Rays’s Material Editor has three parts:1.The materials workplace shows all theselected materials. Right clicking allows adding,importing, exporting, renaming, packing,removing, and selecting objects with currentmaterials, such as assigning current materialsto the selected objects or to the selected layers,deleting materials that are not used in the scene,and adding layers with reflections or refractions2.Material Preview.3.Options for material control. The optionschange with the added scene materials insection A.to the materials.4

V-RAY FOR RHINOMaterial: Diffuse Layer:The Diffuse Layer of a material applies a color to the material.The “M” box to the right applies pattern/textures and arrangessequences.Transparency adjusts the opacity. Black is completely opaqueand white is completely transparent. Grays represent intermediate levels of transparency.Material: Reflection LayerClick on the object you would like to add reflection to. Click onthe Edit button under the Materialselections in the Property palette.To add a reflection layer, click on the “ ” next to the materialunder the Material Workspace to showall the layers. Right click on Reflection Layer. Select “Add newlayer” to add a new reflection layer for this material. There willshow Reflection under the material control section, as it showson the right.5

V-RAY FOR RHINOBy default, a fresnel map is on the reflection layer, which is typically good unless theobjects is chrome or mirror.Fresnel Reflections are a naturally occurringphenomenon that states that an object becomes more reflective the greater the angleat which it is seen. An example of this principle would be a window that is seen fromstraight ahead as opposed to at an angle.Through manipulating the Index of Refraction (IOR) the reflective characteristics of anobject can be changed. A lower IOR meansthat a larger angle is needed between theobserver and the surface before the objectbegins to reflect. A higher IOR means thata smaller angle is needed, which in turncauses the object to reflect sooner. To haveyour renderings be more physically correct,it is recommended to have the IOR of anobject correspond to its actual IOR.6

V-RAY FOR RHINOAbove are six rendered samples each with a different FresnelIOR. The last one is rendered with full reflection to create achrome material.Click on Reflection in the right section of the Material Editor andthen click on the m box to set Reflection. The Text Editor box appears.If it is not already enabled scroll down the box next to Type, andthen select Fresnel. Fresnel IOR is to control the reflection intensity. The 1.55 default shows a slight amount of reflectivity, butchanging above 10 produces striking reflectivity. Chrome has anIOR between 8 and 20.Notice that the “m” on the right side of the Reflection in the Material Editor is now changed to “M”. This means the Map has some7other characters associated with it now.

V-RAY FOR RHINOReflection GlossinessYou don’t always get clear reflection from reflective material. Objects like matte finish metal,wood and some plastic materials do not reflect the environment clearly due to it unevensurfaces. This is because the uneven surfacescreate many reflecting angles for light to bouncearound. So the highlight is not as sharp if compared to reflection from smoother surfaces. Thebest way to create this kind of rendering qualityis playing around the setting of both HighlightGlossiness and Reflection Glossiness.A value of 0 would mean that the reflectionsare completely blurred, and this would looksimilar to a material without a reflection layerat all. Setting this for regular materials wouldcause extremely long render times. A goodrange for creating glossy reflections is between .5 and 1. At values below .5 the effectis similar to a material without reflections.Below are results from combinations of various intensities of Reflection Glossiness andFresnel IOR.The default value for both Reflection and Highlight Glossiness is 1, which means that thereflections will be perfectly sharp. Once the valueis decreased below 1 the reflections begin tobecome blurry.8

V-RAY FOR RHINORefraction LayerTo add this layer, click on the “ ” to the right of the Object, and then right click on Refraction Layers. Select Add newlayer. You will see the Refraction layer added to the right of the window.In the Material Editor, Reflection box, you can adjust the degree of transparency (white gives 100% transparency andwill not show the diffuse color).To apply color to a Refractive material, the Fog Color is used, located in the lower right of the Refraction dialog box.Click on the Fog Color and change it to the same color as the original Diffuse Color. Click on the Update Preview toconfirm.Note: It is recommended to always have Affect Shadows (below the Fog Color) checked as it produces more realisticeffects.9

V-RAY FOR RHINOAssigning MaterialsTo add new material there are 3 options:1. Right click on Scene Material, select Add new material, Add Vray Material.2. Right click on the Scene Material, select Import new material to import saved material file.3. In the Properties window, click on the Create button to add a new material.Material editingTo duplicate a material, change the name, remove, export, import or pack it, right click on the materialand choose one of these options.Three other options for working with materials include: Select objects by materials: Selects the objects in the scene haveing the material. Apply materials to objects. Any materials under the Scene Materials can be applied toobjects by clicking “Browse” under Properties. Apply materials to layers.Note: Undo will not undo changes in the material editor.10

V-RAY FOR RHINOUsing Texture MappingMaps in V-RayImage texture maps are applied to the diffuse layer of a material. Click on the ‘m’ next to the color box under theoptions panel of the diffuse panel.11

V-RAY FOR RHINOThe following box will appear. First, choose bitmap from the Typedropdown box on the left. Then make sure that the mapping is set toexplicit map channel. The map channel will be different for each layerof mapping you have, so make sure that you note the channel. It istime to choose the bitmap. Click on the ‘m’ next to file and chooseyour texture. Some

1. Right click on Scene Material, select Add new material, Add Vray Material. 2. Right click on the Scene Material, select Import new material to import saved material file. 3. In the Properties

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