4.1 ELECTRICAL MACHINES - I

2y ago
47 Views
2 Downloads
293.20 KB
22 Pages
Last View : 9d ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Luis Waller
Transcription

974.1 ELECTRICAL MACHINES - IL4P3RATIONALEElectrical machines is a subject where a student will deal with various types of electrical machineswhich are employed in industries, power stations, domestic and commercial appliances etc. Afterstudying this subject, an electrical diploma holder must be competent to repair and maintain thesemachines and give suggestions to improve their performance. Practical aspects of the subject will makethe students capable of performing various tests on the machines as per latest BIS specificationsDETAILED CONTENTS1.Introduction to Electrical .132.143.Definition of motor and generatorTorque development due to alignment of two fields and the concept of torque angleElectro-magnetically induced emfElementary concept of an electrical machineComparison of generator and motorDC Machines2.12.22.32.42.5(24 hrs)Main constructional features, Types of armature windingFunction of the commutator for motoring and generation actionFactors determining induced emfFactors determining the electromagnetic torqueTypes of dc generation on the basis of excitation, voltage built up in a dc shuntgeneratorSignificance of back e.m.f., the relation between back emf and Terminal voltageArmature ReactionCommutation methods to improve commutationPerformance and characteristics of different types of DC motorsSpeed control of dc shunt/series motorsNeed of starter, three point dc shunt motor starter and 2 point starterApplications of DC motorsLosses in a DC machineDetermination of losses by Swinburne’s testTransformers (single phase)3.13.23.3(6 hrs)IntroductionConstructional features of a transformer and parts of transformerWorking principle of a transformer97 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf(24 hrs)

983.43.53.63.73.83.93.103.113.123.133.144.EMF equationTransformer on no-load and its phasor diagramTransformer – neglecting voltage drop in the windings – Ampere turn balance – itsphasor diagramMutual and leakage fluxes, leakage reactanceTransformer on load, voltage drops and its phasor diagramEquivalent circuitRelation between induced emf and terminal voltage, regulation of a transformermathematical relationLosses in a transformerOpen circuit and short circuit test. Calculation of efficiency, condition for maximumefficiency-maintenance of Transformer, scheduled MaintenanceAuto transformer construction, saving of copper, working and applicationsDifferent types of transformers including dry type transformer.Transformers three phase4.14.24.34.44.54.6(10 hrs)Construction of three phase transformers and accessories of transformers such asConservator, breather, Buchholtg Relay, Tap Changer (off load and on load) (Briefidea)Types of three phase transformer i.e. delta-delta, delta-star, star-delta and star-starConditions for parallel operation (only conditions are to be studied)On load tap changerDifference between power and distribution transformerCooling of transformerLIST OF PRACTICALS1.Measurement of the angular displacement of the rotor of a slip-ring induction motor onapplication of DC to stator of motor winding in sequence and simultaneously to each phase ofrotor winding2.3.4.5.Speed control of dc shunt motor (i) Armature control method (ii) Field control methodStudy of dc series motor with starter (to operate the motor on no load for a moment)Study of 3 point starter for starting D.C. shunt motor.To perform open circuit and short circuit test for determining: (i) equivalent circuit (ii) theregulation and (iii) efficiency of a transformer from the data obtained from open circuit and shortcircuit test at full load6.7.To find the efficiency and regulation of single phase transformer by actually loading it.Checking the polarity of the windings of a three phase transformer and connecting the windingsin various configurationsFinding the voltage and current relationships of primary and secondary of a three phasetransformer under balanced load in various configurations conditions such as(a)Star-star(b)Star delta(c)Delta star8.98 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

99(d)Delta - Delta configuring conditions.INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGYElectrical machines being a core subject of electrical diploma curriculum, where a student will deal withvarious types of electrical machines which are employed in industry, power stations, domestic andcommercial appliances etc. After studying this subject, an electrical diploma holder must be competentto repair and maintain these machines and give suggestions to improve their performance. Special carehas to be taken on conceptual understanding of concepts and principles in the subject. For this purposeexposure to industry, work places, and utilization of various types of electrical machine for differentapplications may be emphasized. Explanation of practical aspects of the subject will make the studentscapable of performing various tests on the machines as per latest BIS specifications.RECOMMENDED BOOKS1.Electrical Machines by SK Bhattacharya, Tata Mc Graw Hill, Education Pvt Ltd. New Delhi2.Electrical Machines by SK Sahdev, Uneek Publications, Jalandhar3.Electrical Machines by Nagrath and Kothari, Tata Mc Graw Hill, New Delhi4.Electrical Machines by JB Gupta, SK Kataria and Sons, New Delhi5.Electrical Machines by Fitzgerald6.Electrical Machines by Smarajit Ghosh-Pearson Publishers, Delhi.SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTERSr.No1TopicTime Allotted(Hrs)6Marks Allocation(%)102DC Machines24403Transformers (single phase)24354Transformers three phase101564100Introduction to Electrical MachineTotal99 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

1004.2 ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATIONL P4 3RATIONALEDiploma holders in Electrical Engineering have to work on various jobs in the field as well as in testinglaboratories and on control panels, where be performs the duties of installation, operation, maintenanceand testing by measuring instruments. Persons working on control panels in power plants, substationsand in industries, will come across the use of various types of instruments and have to takemeasurements.Instruments used to read and observe the general electrical quantities like current, voltage, power,energy, frequency, resistance etc and their wave shapes, have been incorporated in this subject. So thetechnician will know the construction and use of various types of electrical instruments.DETAILED CONTENTS1.Introduction to Electrical Measuring Instruments:1.11.21.32.3.Concept of measurement and measuring instrumentsTypes of electrical measuring instruments – indicating, integrating and recordingtype instrumentsEssentials of indicating instruments – deflecting, controlling and damping torqueAmmeters and Voltmeters (Moving coil and moving iron type):2.12.22.32.4(06 hrs)(12 hrs)Concept of ammeters and voltmeters and difference between themExtension of range of voltmeters and ammeterConstruction and working principles of moving Iron and moving coil instrumentsMerits and demerits, sources of error and application of these instrumentsWattmeters (Dynamometer Type)(4 hrs)Construction, working principle, merits and demerits of dynamometer type wattmeter, sourcesof error4.Energy meter (Induction type):(6 hrs)Construction, working principle, merits and demerits of single-phase and three-phase energymeters4.1Errors and their compensation4.2Simple numerical problems4.3Construction and working principle of maximum demand indicators100 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

1015Miscellaneous Measuring Instruments:(12 hrs)5.1 Construction, working principle and application of Meggar, Earth tester, Multimeter,Frequency meter (dynamometer type) single phase power factor meter(Electrodynamometer type). Working principle of synchroscope and phase sequenceindicator, tong tester (Clamp-on meter)5.2 Instrument Transformers: Construction, working and applicationsa) CTb) PT and their ratio and phase angle error6.Electronic Instruments:6.16.27.(6 hrs)Cathode Ray Oscilloscope: Block diagram, working principle of CRO and its variouscontrols. Applications of CRO.Digital multi-meter (only block diagram) and ApplicationsLCR meters.(4 hrs)Study of LCR meter and its applications8.Power Measurements in 3-phase circuits by(i)(ii)9.(6 hrs)2 wattmeter method in balanced and unbalanced circuits and simple problemsThree wattmeter methodMeasurement of Non-electrical Quantities (Introduction only)(4 hrs)Basic concept of pressure measurement, flow measurement, level measurement, displacementmeasurement using transducers10.Measurement of Temperature(4 hrs)Different types of thermometers, thermocouple, resistance temperature detector and theirconstruction, principle and working.LIST OF PRACTICALS1.2.3.4.5.Use of analog and digital multimeter for measurement of voltage, current (a.c/d.c) andresistanceTo calibrate 1-phase energy meter by direct loading method.To measure the value of earth resistance using earth tester.To measure power, power factor in a single-phase circuit, using wattmeter and power factormeter and to verify results with calculations.Measurement of power and power factor of a three-phase balanced load by two wattmetermethod.101 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

1026.7.8.9.10.Measurement of voltage and frequency of a sinusoidal signal using CRO and draw wave shapeof signal.Measurement of power in a 3 phase circuit using CT, PT and 3-phase wattmeter.Use of LCR meter for measuring inductance, capacitance and resistance.To record all electrical quantities from the meters installed in the institution premises.To measure Energy at different Loads using Single phase Digital Energy meter.INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGYAfter making the students familiar with measuring instruments, they should be made conceptually clearabout the constructional features and make them confident in making connection of various measuringinstruments. Teacher should demonstrate the application of each measuring instrument in laboratoryand encourage students to use them independently.RECOMMENDED BOOKS1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.Electrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments by Golding and Widdis; WheelerPublishing House, New DelhiElectrical Measurements and Measuring Instruments by SK Sahdev, Unique InternationalPublications, JalandharA Course in Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments by AK Sawhney and PLBhatia; Dhanpat Rai and Sons, New DelhiElectric Instruments by D. CooperExperiments in Basic Electrical Engineering by SK Bhattacharya and KM Rastogi, New AgeInternational (P) Ltd., Publishers, New DelhiElectronics Instrumentation by Umesh Sinha, Satya Publication, New DelhiBasic Electrical Measurements by Melville B. Staut.Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments by JB Gupta, SK Kataria and Sons, NewDelhiElectrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments by ML Anand, SK Kataria and Sons, NewDelhiSUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER102 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

103Sr.No12345678910TopicTime Allotted (hrs)Introduction to Electrical MeasuringInstrumentsAmmeters and VoltmetersWatt MeterEnergy MeterMiscellaneous Measuring Instruments:Electronic Instruments:LCR MetersPower Measurements in 3-phase circuitsMeasurement of Non-electrical quantitiesMeasurement of TemperatureTotal4.306Marks 00ELECTRONICS - IIL4P3RATIONALEThe purpose of the introduction of electronics in the electrical engineering diploma course has beenalready explained in the rationale of the subject Basic Electronics in this course topic like Amplifiers,Oscillators and Wave Shape Circuits have been dealt with.DETAILED CONTENTS1.Transistor Audio Power Amplifier1.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.82.Difference between voltage and power amplifierImportant terms in Power Amplifier, collector efficiency, distortion and dissipationcapabilityClassification of power amplifier class A, B and CClass A single-ended power amplifier, its working and collector efficiencyImpedance matching in a power amplifier using transformerHeat sinks in power amplifiersPush-pull amplifier: circuit details, working and advantages (no mathematicalderivations)Principles of the working of complementary symmetry push-pull amplifierTuned Voltage Amplifier2.12.22.32.4(12 hrs)IntroductionSeries and parallel resonance ( No mathematical derivation)Single and double tuned voltage amplifiersFrequency response of tuned voltage amplifiers103 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf(8 hrs)

1042.53.Feedback in Amplifiers3.13.43.5Effect of removing the emitter by-pass capacitor on a CE transistor amplifier3.6Emitter follower and its applications3.3Sinusoidal Oscillators4.1.4.2.4.3.4.4.4.5.4.6.5.5.35.45.5(8 hrs)Sinusoidal Oscillators – positive feedback in amplifiersDifference between an oscillator and an alternatorEssentials of an oscillatorCircuit details and working of LC oscillators viz. Tuned Collector, Hartley and Colpitt’soscillatorsR-C oscillator circuits, phase shift and Wein bridge oscillator circuitsIntroduction to piezoelectric crystal and crystal oscillator circuitWave-Shaping and Switching Circuits5.15.26.(8 hrs)Feedback and its importance, positive and negative feedback and their needAVoltage gain of an amplifier with negative feedback A ---------1 AEffect of negative feedback on voltage gain, stability, distortion, band width, outputand input impedance of an amplifier (No mathematical derivation)Typical feedback circuits3.24.Applications of tuned voltage amplifiers(15 hrs)Concept of Wave-shapingWave-shaping circuitsa. R-C differentiating and integrating circuitsb. Diode clipping circuitsc. Diode clamping circuitsd. Applications of wave-shaping circuitsTransistor as a switch (explanation using CE transistor characteristics)Collector coupled astable, monostable, bistable multivibrator circuits (explanation usingwave shapes). Brief mention of uses of multivibratorsWorking and applications of transistor inverter circuit using power transistorsPower supplies:(5 hrs)Working Principles of different types of power supplies viz. CVTs, IC voltage regulator(78 XX,79XX)7.Operational Amplifier104 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf(8 hrs)

1057.1.7.2.7.3.7.4.The basic operational amplifier. The differential amplifier. The emitter coupleddifferential amplifier. Offset even voltages and currentsBasic operational amplifier applications, integrator and differentiator, summer,subtractorFamiliarization with specifications and pin configuration of IC 741Block diagram and operation of 555 IC timerLIST OF PRACTICALS1.To study the effect of coupling capacitor on lower cut off frequency and upper cut off frequencyby plotting frequency response curve of a two stage RC coupled amplifier2.To measure (a) optimum load (b) output power (c) signal handling capacity of a push-pullamplifier3.4.To observe the effect of negative current feedback on the voltage gain of a single stagetransistor amplifier by removing emitter bye-pass capacitor.To measure (a) voltage gain (b) input and output impedance for an emitter follower circuit5.To measure frequency generation in (a) Hartley (b) R-C Phase Shift oscillator6.To observe the differentiated and integrated square wave on a CRO for different values of R-Ctime constant7.Clipping of both portion of sine-wave using:a) diode and dc sourceb) zener diodesClamping a sine-wave to:a) Negative dc voltageb) Positive dc voltage8.To generate square-wave using an astable multivibrator and to observe the wave form on aCROTo observe triggering and working of a bistable multivibrator circuit and observe its output waveform on a CROTo use the op-Amp (IC 741) as inverting one and non-inverting amplifiers, adder, comparator,integrator and differentiatorTo study the pin configuration and working of IC 555 and its use as monostable and astablemultivibratorTo realize the regulated power supply by using three terminal voltage regulator ICs such as7805, 7905, 7915 etc.9.10.11.12.INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY105 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

106The teacher should bring electronic components and devices in the class while taking lectures andexplain and make students familiar with them. Also he may give emphasis on practical applications ofthese devices and components in the field. In addition, the students should be encouraged to dopractical work independently and confidently.RECOMMENDED BOOKS1.A text book of Basic Electronics and Linear Circuits by NN Bhargava and others, Tata McGrawHill, New Delhi2.Electronics Principles by SK Sahdev, Dhanpat Rai and Co., New Delhi3.Electronics Principles by Albert Paul Malina, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi4.Operational Amplifiers and Linear Circuits by Rama Kant and A. Gaykwad, Prentice Hall ofIndia, New Delhi5.Electronic Devices Circuits by Rama Reddy, Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi6.Electronic Devices and Circuits by Millman and Halkias, McGraw Hill, New Delhi7.Analog Electronics – II by DR Arora, Ishan Publication, Ambala8.Electronic Devices and Circuits by JC Karhara, King India Publication, New Delhi9.Electronic Devices and Circuits-I, Eagle Prakashan, Jalandhar10.Electronic Devices Circuits by JB Gupta, SK Kataria and Sons, New DelhiSUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTERSr.NoTopicTimeAllotted(hrs)12MarksAllocation (%)1Transistor Audio Power Amplifier2Tuned Voltage Amplifier8103Feedback in Amplifiers8104Sinusoidal Oscillators8105Wave-Shaping and Switching Circuits15306Power Supplies5107Operational Amplifier810Total64100106 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf20

107107 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

1084.4ESTIMATING AND COSTING IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGL4P-RATIONALEA diploma holder in electrical engineering should be familiar to Indian Standards and relevant ElectricityRules. Preparation of good estimates is a professional’s job, which requires knowledge of materialsand methods to deal with economics. The contents of this subject have been designed keeping in viewdeveloping requisite knowledge and skills of estimation and costing in students of diploma in electricalengineering.DETAILED CONTENTS1.Introduction(8 hrs)Purpose of estimating and costing, proforma for making estimates, preparation of materialsschedule, costing, price list, preparation of tender document (with 2-3 exercises), net price list,market survey, overhead charges, labour charges, electrical point method and fixed percentagemethod, contingency, profit, purchase system, enquiries, comparative statements, orders forsupply, payment of bills. Tenders – its constituents, finalization, specimen tender.2.Types of wiring(10 hrs)Cleat, batten, casing capping and conduit wiring, comparison of different wiring systems,selection and design of wiring schemes for particular situation (domestic and Industrial).Selection of wires and cables, wiring accessories and use of protective devices i.e. MCB, ELCBetc. Use of wire-gauge and tables ( to be prepared/arranged)3.Estimating and Costing:(30 hrs)3.1Domestic installations; standard practice as per IS and IE rules. Planning of circuits,sub-circuits and position of different accessories, electrical layout, preparing estimatesincluding cost as per schedule rate pattern and actual market rate (for house of tworoom set alongwith layout sketch).3.2Industrial installations; relevant IE rules and IS standard practices, planning, designingand estimation of installation for single phase motors of different ratings, electricalcircuit diagram, starters, preparation of list of materials, estimating and costingexercises on workshop with singe-phase, 3-phase motor load and the light load(3-phase supply system)3.3Service line connections estimate for domestic upto 10 KW and Industrial loads upto20 KW (over-head and under ground connections) from pole to energy meter.108 \\Hameed\Official\SyllabusPDF\Elect-4Sem.pdf

1094.Estimat

7. Basic Electrical Measurements by Melville B. Staut. 8. Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments by JB Gupta, SK Kataria and Sons, New Delhi 9. Electrical Measurement and Measuring Instruments by ML Anand, SK Kataria and Sons, New Delhi SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION OF MARKS FOR FACILITATING THE PAPER SETTER

Related Documents:

Texts of Wow Rosh Hashana II 5780 - Congregation Shearith Israel, Atlanta Georgia Wow ׳ג ׳א:׳א תישארב (א) ׃ץרֶָֽאָּהָּ תאֵֵ֥וְּ םִימִַׁ֖שַָּה תאֵֵ֥ םיקִִ֑לֹאֱ ארָָּ֣ Îָּ תישִִׁ֖ארֵ Îְּ(ב) חַורְָּ֣ו ם

OTHER USEFUL BOOKS J.B. GuptaA Course in Electrical Technology J.B. GuptaBasic Electrical Engineering [A Course in Electrical Technology Vol. 1] J.B. GuptaElectrical Machines [A Course in Electrical Technology Vol. 2] J.B. GuptaElectronics Engineering [A Course in Electrical Technology Vol. 3] J.B. GuptaTheory and Performance of Electrical Machines [DC Machines, AC Machines and Polyphase Circuits]

FACULTY OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING ELECTRICAL MACHINES ELECTROMECHANICAL ENERGY CONVERTERS AND TRANSFORMERS Lectured for IVth semester students by Wiesław PARTYKA, Ph.D., M.Sc. El. Eng. Institute of Electrical Machines Electrical Machines Division Building beneath Chimney, room #19 (BpK19)

Electrical Infrastructure includes an electrical installation, electrical equipment, electrical line or associated equipment for an electrical line. 1.9 Electrical installation As per the Electrical Safety Act 2002 (s15) (a) An electrical installation is a group of items of electrical equipment that—

IEC 60034-8 Rotating electrical machines - Part 8: Terminal markings and direction of rotation. IEC 60034-9 Rotating electrical machines - Part 9: Noise limits. IEC 60034-11-1 Rotating electrical machines - Part 11-1: Thermal protection. IEC 60034-12 Rotating electrical machines - Part

IEC 60034-15, Rotating Electrical Machines, Part 15—Impulse Voltage Withstand Levels Of Rotating A.C. Machines With Form-wound Stator Coils IEC 60034-18, Rotating Electrical Machines, Part 18—Functional Evaluation of Insulation Systems IEC TS 60034-27, Rotating Electrical Machine

Tools and machines Worksheet 6.1 Simple machines 1. Complete the sentences. tools one two Simple machines have one or two parts. Simple machines are called tools. 2. Write the names of these simple machines. 3. Match. pulley wheel and axle lever wedge screw inclined plane screw lever pulley inclined plane wedge wheel and axle .

answer questions 2.1 - 2.13 Note: You are studying only simple machines in this course. The other category of machines is compound machines, which are made up of two or more simple machines working together. Cars and dishwashers are examples of compound machines. Note: Ask your instructor for a copy of the worksheet, Classes of Levers, to .