Diabetes Prevention And Control
www.thecommunityguide.orgDiabetes Prevention and ControlEvidence-Based Interventions for Your CommunityIn 2015, over 30 million Americans had diabetes and an estimated 1.5 million newcases were diagnosed among adults aged 18 years or older. Diabetes is currentlythe seventh leading cause of death in the United States. Along with those whohave been diagnosed with diabetes, there are an additional 84 million Americanswho have prediabetes, which means that they are at increased risk of developingtype 2 diabetes. One out of every three Americans have diabetes or prediabetes,and this percentage is growing.1This fact provides proven intervention strategies—including programs andservices—to develop successful diabetes prevention and control interventions. Itcan help decision makers in both public and private sectors make choices aboutwhat intervention strategies are best for their communities.This fact sheet summarizes information in The Guide to Community PreventiveServices (The Community Guide), an evidence-based resource of what worksin public health. Use this information to select from the following interventionstrategies you can adapt for your community tozz Implement combined diet and physical activity promotion programs to preventtype 2 diabetes for people at increased risk. These can include counseling,coaching, or a combination of both.zz Develop case management interventions in order to coordinate and providehealthcare for all people affected by diabetes.zz Engage community health workers in diabetes prevention programs to improveglycemic control and weight-related outcomes for people at increased risk fortype 2 diabetes.zz Develop intensive lifestyle interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes toimprove glycemic control and support dietary modification, regular physicalactivity, and weight management.zz Develop team-base care interventions to help patients manage type 2 diabetesand improve blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid levels.The Community Guide provides evidence-based findings and recommendations fromthe Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF) about preventive services andprograms to improve health. The CPSTF—an independent, nonfederal panel of publichealth and prevention experts—bases its findings on systematic reviews of the scientificliterature. Learn more about The Community Guide and what works to prevent andcontrol diabetes by visiting www.thecommunityguide.org/topic/diabetes.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides administrative, scientific,and technical support for the Community Preventive Services Task Force.
www.thecommunityguide.orgDiabetes Prevention and ControlEvidence-Based Interventions for Your CommunityCPSTF FINDINGS FOR DIABETES PREVENTION AND CONTROLThe Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF) has released the following findings on what works in public health toprevent cardiovascular disease. These findings are compiled in The Guide to Community Preventive Services (The CommunityGuide) and listed in the table below. Use the findings to identify strategies and interventions you could use for yourcommunity.Legend for CPSTF Findings:RecommendedInsufficient EvidenceRecommended AgainstIntervention(See reverse for detailed descriptions.)CPSTFFindingCombined Diet and Physical Activity Promotion Programsto Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Among People at IncreasedRiskIntensive Lifestyle Interventions for Patients with Type 2DiabetesInterventions Engaging Community Health Workers forDiabetes ManagementInterventions Engaging Community Health Workers forDiabetes PreventionLifestyle Interventions to Reduce the Risk of GestationalDiabetesMobile Phone Applications Used Within HealthcareSystems for Type 1 Diabetes Self-ManagementMobile Phone Applications Used Within HealthcareSystems for Type 2 Diabetes Self-ManagementTeam-Based Care for Patients with Type 2 DiabetesFor each intervention, a summary of the systematic review, included studies, evidence gaps, and journal publicationscan be found on the Diabetes Prevention and Control section of the website at www.thecommunityguide.org/topic/diabetes. Other related resources include one pagers and Community Guide in Action stories.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides administrative, scientific,and technical support for the Community Preventive Services Task Force.
Diabetes Prevention and Controlwww.thecommunityguide.orgUNDERSTANDING THE FINDINGSThe CPSTF bases its findings and recommendations on systematic reviews of the scientific literature. Withoversight from the CPSTF, scientists and subject matter experts from the Centers for Disease Control andPrevention conduct these reviews in collaboration with a wide range of government, academic, policy, andpractice-based partners. Based on the strength of the evidence, the CPSTF assigns each intervention to oneof the categories below.CategoryDescriptionRecommendedThere is strong or sufficient evidence that the intervention strategyis effective. This finding is based on the number of studies, how wellthe studies were designed and carried out, and the consistency andstrength of the results.Insufficient EvidenceThere is not enough evidence to determine whether the interventionstrategy is effective. This does not mean the intervention doesnot work. There is not enough research available or the results aretoo inconsistent to make a firm conclusion about the interventionstrategy’s effectiveness. The CPSTF encourages those who useinterventions with insufficient evidence to evaluate their efforts.RecommendedAgainstIconThere is strong or sufficient evidence that the intervention strategy isharmful or not effective.EVALUATING THE EVIDENCEzz CPSTF findings are based on systematic reviews of all relevant, high-quality evidence. Systematic reviewsare conducted in accordance with the highest international standards, using a transparent and replicablemethodology that accounts for the complexities of real-world public health interventions.zz Systematic review science teams, coordinated by CDC scientists, evaluate the strengths and limitations of allrelevant high-quality evidence to assess whether programs, services, and other interventions are effective inimproving health at the population level.zz Review teams determine whether findings are applicable to different U.S. population groups and settings;highlights possible harms, potential benefits, and implementation considerations; and identifies evidencegaps and areas for future research.zz A separate team of economists conducts systematic economic analyses for recommended interventionapproaches. They look at cost, cost effectiveness, and cost-benefit analyses to provide public healthprofessionals with information they need to make decisions and allocate funding.Visit the “Our Methodology” page on The Community Guide website at www.thecommunityguide.org/about/our-methodology for more information about the methods used to conduct the systematic reviewsand the criteria the CPSTF uses to make findings and recommendations.Last updated: September 2017
Diabetes Prevention and Control THE PUBLIC HEALTH CHALLENGE z Over the last 20 years, the number of adults with diabetes has more than tripled as the American population has aged and become overweight and obese.2 z Risk factors for type 2 diabetes include being overweight, having a family history of diabetes, having gestatio
Bruce W. Bode, MD, FACE Atlanta Diabetes Associates Atlanta, Georgia American Diabetes Association. Facts and Figures. Available at: http://www.diabetes.org/ada/facts.asp. Accessed January 18, 2000. Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes 0.5 - 1.0 Million Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes 10.3 Million Undiagnosed Diabetes 5.4 Million Prevalence of Diabetes in the US 3
Clinical Diabetes. 2017 Jan; 35(1)51-54. Speight J, Conn J, Dunning T, Skinner TC, Diabetes Australia. Diabetes Australia position statement. A new language for diabetes: improving communications with and about people with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012 Sep; 97(3): 425- 31.
Type 2 Diabetes Type 2 diabetes, which used to be called adult-onset diabetes, can affect people at any age, even children. However, type 2 diabetes develops most often in middle-aged and older people. People who are overweight and inactive are also more likely to develop type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes usually begins with insulin resistance—a
Diabetes in the United States More than 29 million people in the U.S. have diabetes 8.1 million people with diabetes are undiagnosed 9.3% of the U.S. population 1.7 million Americans aged 20 years or older were newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2010 Every 19 seconds, someone is diagnosed with diabetes
TABLE 57-3. Proposed Classification System for Diabetes in Pregnancy Gestational diabetes: diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy that is not clearly overt (type 1 or type 2) diabetes Type 1 Diabetes: Diabetes resulting from β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency a. Without vascular complications b.
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Division of Diabetes Translation. CS220221. National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011. Data Sources, Methods, and References for Estimates of Diabetes and Prediabetes. Attention: In the. National Diabetes Fact Sheet, 2011, we defined undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes based on both
The North Carolina Diabetes Advisory Council supports efforts to find a cure for type 1 diabetes. A major focus of this guide and the Diabetes Advisory Council is on type 2 because it is more common and is preventable. For the remainder of this document, references to “diabetes” will be referring to type 2 diabetes unless indicated otherwise.
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