Duct Burner Systems: Application And Design Considerations
Duct Burner Systems: Applicationand Design Considerations
Duct Burner Systems:Typically Applications: Supplemental Firing of Turbine Exhaust Gas (TEG) Flue Gas Reheat for NOx Control Air Heating/Process Drying
Cogeneration (CHP)Duct BurnerAssembly
Combined Cycle PowerCommon Configuration for Combined Cycle SystemHRSGDuct BurnerGas Turbine
General OverviewDuct Burners for TEG applications have traditionally been considered astraightforward technology to increased steam for power or process, requiringlittle capital investment and minimal upkeep if properly applied!
General OverviewSmall to Mid-sized Cogeneration and Combined Cycle Plants: 100 MWe.
Gas Turbine TechnologySaturn 20Courtesy of Solar TurbinesTaurus 60/65/701,210 kW5,500-7,520 kWCentaur 40/50Mars 90/1003,515 / 4,600 kW9,450 / 10,690 kWMercury 50Titan 130 / 2504,600 kW15,000 / 22,000 kW
General Overview“Advanced Class Gas Turbines” Power Plants are centered ontoday’s F, G, H and J Class turbine technologies
Gas Turbine TechnologyCourtesy of General Electric
Gas Turbine TechnologyCourtesy of Siemens
Gas Turbine TechnologyCourtesy of Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems
Why Duct Burners?For Cogeneration (CHP) and Combined-Cycle applications, duct burners increasesteam production above what can be recovered for the heat of the gas turbineexhaust (TEG) alone.Courtesy of Solar Turbines
CHP System PerformanceSite Specific Performance – Thousand lbs/hrSteam ProductionProductISOPowerMWeISOHeat edFired to1600ºFFired to2800ºFSaturn 201.214 02595251.58.918.540.0Centaur 403.512 240835149.619.653.3113.2Centaur 504.611 630956150.325.353.0112.4Mercury 504.68 863710140.413.849.4104.4Taurus 605.710 860960171.329.862.0130.5Taurus 656.310 3731032163.432.160.5128.3Taurus 707.510 100914212.334.476.1158.6Mars 909.510 710875316.246.8113.3239.5Mars 10010.710 520915329.151.8117.4248.1Titan 13015.09 695932392.264.5141.4298.2Courtesy of Solar TurbinesISO Performance: 59 F; Sea Level; No Inlet and Exhaust Losses.Specific Site Performance: 3 in. Inlet, 7 in. Exhaust Losses; Saturated Steam @ 150 psig
Thermal Efficiency vs. Firing S Lined FiringDuct80%75%70%65%700 F1000 F1300 F1600 F1900 F2200 FFiring Temperature ( F)2500 F2800 F3100 F
BenefitsMore efficient process steam production than with a conventional boiler.Steam production can be maintained at lower GT load or even GT shutdown (FAF).Compensation for changing ambient conditions.Power markets are making use of duct burners in modified modes of operation.Ability to burn a variety of gases and/or fuel oil (including some not practical as turbinefuel):Natural GasHydrogenDigester GasRefinery GasProduced GasLow BTU Gases: COG, BFG and Syngas
Duct Burner TechnologyThe most common style of gas-fired duct burneris often referred to as “Grid” or “Runner” style
Duct Burner TechnologyGrid burners use a gas manifold to span the width of the HRSG firing duct containing:flame stabilizers and evenly spaced fuel nozzles or orifices, along with a mountingflange house the igniter, flame scanners and local view port.
Duct Burner TechnologyGrid duct burner’s igniter, flame stabilizers and fuel nozzles
Duct Burner TechnologyWindbox-Register-style duct burners provideadditional benefits including gas and oil firing,ULN performance during high-firing operations.
Design and Control FactorsMain Design Considerations thatInfluence Duct Burner Performance: TEG composition & temperature TEG flow distribution Firing duct length Quantity of elements Burner turndown Burner staging Pressure drop Emissions requirements
Performance & Design Considerations Heat Release Range: 2.0 to 5.0 mmbtu/ft Firing Capacity: 900 mmbtu/hr (LHV) Flame Length: 7-8 ft Turndown: 10:1 (or higher range w/ staging) Pressure Drop : 0.5” WC Gas Fuel Pressure Supply : 25-35 psig Max Element Span: 40 ft Temp Distribution /- 150 degF Emissions: NOx 0.1 lb/mmbtu (HHV)
Duct Burner Inquiry SpecificationNatural GasHydrogenDigester GasRefinery GasProduced GasLow BTU Gases: Syngas, BFG, COG
Common Design and Operational ChallengesMaldistribution of TEG across the Duct BurnerFlame impingement: Flame impingement can occur on firing duct liners or downstreamtube banksFuel gas flow maldistribution: The fuel gas flowing through the burner manifold will heat up as itflowsSagging or binding firing elementsCondensation and corrosion in fuel lines: A duct burner should have automatic isolation of individual burnerrunners
Physical Model: Duct-Fired HRSG
CFD Study: Temperature Distribution
Cold Flow Modelling
Common Design and Operational ChallengesFuel gas flow maldistribution: Poor HRSG heat absorption Warped or deterioration of flame stabilizers:
Common Design and Operational ChallengesSagging and/or binding elements
Duct Burner Retrofit
Duct Burner Retrofit
Duct Burner Retrofit
Duct Burner Retrofit
Duct Burner Retrofit : Case Studies
Rick FiorenzaOEM Sales Manager - PowerDirect: 1 918 893 8440 Cell: 1 916 316 2542
Centaur 40/50 3,515 / 4,600 kW Mercury 50 4,600 kW Gas Turbine Technology Courtesy of Solar Turbines “Advanced Class Gas Turbines” Power Plants are centered on today’s F, G, H and J Class turbine technologies General Overv
rich in fat, oil or alcohol (e.g. rum, cognac, wine). - Unattended cooking on a hob with fat or oil can be dangerous and may result in fire. NEVER try to extinguish a . 3 Semirapid burner 4 Power burner 5 Auxiliary burner 6 Power burner control knob 7 Semirapid burner control knob 8 Semirapid burner control knob 9 Auxiliary burner control knob.
installed as described in the TDC or TDF addendum to the SMACNA Duct Construction Standards except the corners may not be bolted. Standard 5" metal clips may be used with spacing as shown in diagram. SLEEVE DUCT TYPICAL TDC/TDF JOINT DUCT 60" Duct 3 REQ'D. 48" Duct 3 REQ'D. 36" Duct 3 REQ'D. 24" Duct 2 REQ'D. 18" DUCT and .
Air Duct Design & Sizing Duct sizing methods Static regain method Normally used with a computer package for high velocity systems (e.g. in main duct) Size air duct so that static pressure nearly offset the pressure loss of succeeding duct section along main duct T me
Under Floor Duct 1.5 OFFSET FOR #6 DUCT PU6-OFS15 Duct / Under Floor Duct. L 4 International Drive Rye Brook, NY 10573 Toll Free: 1 888.764.7681 Phone: 914.934.2075 Fax: 914.934.2190 MonoSystems.com 03/2016 DOCUMENT REF. NO. PU6FFL45-PU6WE Manufactured by MonoSystems, Inc. Under Floor Duct
Duct Sizing Tools OR Duct Sizing Chart Ductulator (Manual/Digital) AIRAH DA3 Duct Design Manual Manufacturers/Programs . Duct Sizing Methods . More available in the ASHRAE Handbook or SMACNA Obtain other duct fittings pressure losses from manufacturers such as duct heaters, dampers, filters, grilles, coils, etc
lsc bus duct system 1. introduction 3 1.1 general specifications 1.2 outstanding feature of lsc bus duct 1.3 cataloging 2. high power distribution (600a 6000a) 9 2.1 general specifications 2.1.1 i-series bus duct 2.1.2 8-series bus duct 2.1.3 f-series bus duct 2.1.4 y-series bus duct 2.2 grounding & ip degree 2.2.1 grounding 2.2.2 ip degree 2.3 .
4 Burner - Model G1001 3 Burner - Model G1003 2 Burner - Model G1004 LPG Marine Cooker User and Installation Instructions . For hygiene and safety reasons you must keep this gas appliance clean. A build up of fat or other foodstuff could cause a fire. . model) 4 Burner
ALWAYS place a pan on a surface burner befo-re turning it on. Be sure you know which knob controls which surface burner. Make sure the correct burner is turned on and that the bur-ner has ignited. When cooking is completed, turn burner off before removing pan to prevent exposure to burner fl ame. ALWAYS adjust surface burner fl ame so .
