SIZING HANDBOOK & APPLICATION GUIDE
SIZINGHANDBOOKSIZING HANDBOOK& APPLICATION GUIDEChimney & Gas VentFor Capacities to 100 Million B.T.U.The primary aim of this Sizing Handbookis to provide more detailed guidance onappliance venting than can be found in thecodes or in appliance manufacturers' instructions.It is intended for the convenience and assistance ofheating contractors, building inspectors, architects,engineers, and others concerned with the correctinstallation and configuration of Selkirk ventingproducts for fuel burning equipment.
Sizing Handbook&APPLICATION GUIDEGas Vent and chimney products forcapacities to 100 million BTU per hour2001 Revision Including Tables ForFan-Assisted Combustion AppliancesWARNINGFailure to follow the installation instructions could causeFIRE, CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING, OR DEATH. If youare unsure of installation requirements, call the phonenumber listed on the instructions or Sizing Handbook.1
CONTENTSFOREWORDApplicationMaximum and Minimum CapacitiesSelkirk Product InformationSECTION 1Individual Vent Table1-11-21-31-41-51-6DefinitionsProcedure for Using the Individual Vent TableExample 1, Vent for a FAN-Assisted ApplianceVent Size ReductionsVertical VentsAdditional Important InformationSECTION 2Combined Vent Tables2-12-22-32-42-52-6DefinitionsHeadings in the Combined Vent TablesGeneral ProcedureProcedure to Find Each Connector SizeProcedure to Find Common Vent SizeExample of Combined Vent System DesignSECTION 3General 143-153-16Applicability to Selkirk ProductsTypes of Gas-Burning AppliancesAppliance Operation and Venting PrinciplesProhibited Applications of TablesNational and Local Building CodesCorrection for AltitudeFreedom From Connector RestrictionsSingle Wall Connector Operating ProblemsCautions in Draft Hood InstallationTypes of Rain Cap or TerminationLocation of Rain CapUse of the Chimney for Gas VentingOutdoor Vents for Indoor AppliancesVent Damper EffectsPilot Burner and Priming EffectsFuel Gas TypesSECTION 4Individual Venting24-14-24-34-44-54-6Appliance Types, Special ConsiderationsMinimum Vent HeightAvoiding CondensationCompensating for Extra ElbowsIn-Between Heights (interpolation)The Ideal VentSECTION 5Connectors for Combined Vent Systems5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-95-105-11General ConsiderationsA Functional Definition for the ConnectorConnector Length and CapacityConnector Rise EstimationImportance of Connector RiseConnector Turn Limits: Elbows and TeesConnector Size CombinationsChoices for Connector ConfigurationUse Available Headroom for Best OperationWhen in Doubt Use Larger ConnectorSelf-Venting ConnectorsSECTION 6Common Vents6-1Appliances Which Can Use Common Vents6-2Appliances Which Cannot Use Common Vents6-3Common Vent Interconnection Fittings6-4Size Choices for the Common Vent6-5Offsets in Common Vents6-6Common Vent Manifolds6-7Manifold Length6-8Manifold Size and Capacity6-9Connectors to a Manifold6-10 Sloped vs. Horizontal Manifolds6-11 Tapered or Constant Size Manifolds6-12 Number of Manifolded Appliances6-13 Single Appliances with Two or More Draft Hoodsor Flue Outlets6-14 Beware of Alternate Sizing Rules
CONTENTSSECTION 7SECTION 1-211-311-411-5Multi-Story VentingGeneralIndirect Appliances OnlyExcluded Appliances: Direct TypesFundamental Design PrinciplesSeparation from Occupied SpacesAir Supply Functions and SourcesAir Supply Methods and DetailsCommon Vent LocationApplying Combined Vent Tables to Multi-Story SystemsExample of Multi-Story Vent DesignSome Important PrecautionsNumber of Connections to Multi-Story VentsParallel SystemsSECTION 8Providing Air Supply8-18-2Air Supply Opening LocationArea of Ducts or OpeningsSECTION 9Mechanical Draft and Power Venting9-19-29-39-49-59-6Equipment with Burner Inlet Fan or BlowerInduced Draft EquipmentForced or Induced Draft VentingUses of Auxiliary Draft EquipmentProduct Applications with Mechanical DraftSelection of Mechanical Draft EquipmentGeneral Design MethodsThe Chimney Design EquationThe Chimney Design ChartDesign Chart Recommended FactorsSteps to Use Design Chart, Figure 34, for SizingExample Using Design Chart to Find Gas Vent SizeSECTION 12Checking Vent System Operation12-112-212-312-412-512-612-712-8Draft Hood SpillageAppliance Fails to OperateCold BackdraftHot BackdraftGas Leakage at JointsCondensation LeakageGas and Condensate LeakageSummary: The Trouble-Shooting TableSECTION 13Chimneys for Conventional FireplacesSECTION 14Relining Masonry Chimneys14-114-2Options for ReliningSizing GuidelinesSECTION 10Capacities Through 48" Diameter10-110-210-310-410-510-6Individual Gas Vent GraphCombined Gas Vent GraphChimneys for Equipment Needing DraftChimneys for Neutral Draft EquipmentChimneys Operating at Forced DraftGeneral Factors for Chimney Sizing Graphs3
2425262728293031323334353637384SEC. REF.Individual Vent - Lateral and Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2Example of Individual Vent Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3Combined Vent Dimensions and Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6Rain Cap Location Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11Wall Furnace Vent Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2Individual Vent Length Limit Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3Connector Length Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3Connector Rise Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4Benefit of Greater Connector Rise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5Connector Turn Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6Size Combinations Allowed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7Connector Direction Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8Use Connector Rise Effectively . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9Relocate Rain Caps or Tee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4Individual Vents Preferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Proper Tee Size for Interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3Common Vent Offset and Manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-5Sloped vs. Horizontal Manifolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-10Tapered or Constant Size Manifold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-11Separation of Air Supply for Multi-Story Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-5Outside Wall Air Supply for Mufti-Story Venting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-7System Segment for Multi-Story Vent Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9Complete Multi-Story Vent System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-9Air Supply Methods Illustrated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8-1Draft Conditions with Equipment Burner-Inlet Blower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-1Draft Conditions with Equipment Outlet Blower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-2System with Both Induced and Forced Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3Induced Draft System for Manifolded Draft Hood Gas Appliances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-3Individual Vent Capacities Through 48" Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-1Combined Vent Capacities Through 48" Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-2Chimney Sizes for Appliances Needing Draft . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-3Chimney Sizes for Neutral Draft Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-4Chimney Sizes for Forced Draft Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-5General Chimney Design Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Example of Manifolded Gas Vent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5Solution to Manifolded Gas Appliance Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-5Checking for Draft Hood Spillage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12-1Chimney Sizing Chart for Fireplaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
FOREWARDAPPLICATIONThis updated version of the Selkirk Sizing Handbook features tables ofmaximum input capacity rating for fan-assisted combustion Category Iappliances, as well as those for draft hood appliances. Both individual andcombined vents are included. In addition, the tables include minimum capacityvalues for fan-assisted combustion Category I appliances. Both the maximumand minimum values of capacity for fan-assisted appliances were calculated byBattelle Institute, using their VENT II computer program. This program wasdeveloped under the direction of the Gas Research Institute and applies to awide variety of gas venting situations.For draft hood appliances, input capacity ratings for all-Selkirk gas vents havenot changed from previous Handbook editions and are the same as those inthe National Fuel Gas Code. Formats of some of the tables have changedfrom previous editions of the Handbook to permit inclusion of limits for thetwo types of appliances. Also, headings of columns, increments of laterallengths, and other details differ somewhat. Regardless of these changes, thefact remains that the maximum capacity ratings of Type B gas vents for drafthood appliances have stood the test of time since their first publication in theHandbook in 1961. Also, despite any changes in this edition, all previousversions of the Handbook are completely applicable to the venting of drafthood appliances. Comments applicable to fan-assisted appliances and toCategories II, III, and IV are superseded by the information in this edition.Both draft hood and fan-assisted combustion appliances may be "listed" asCategory I gas-burning equipment. The categorization process for residentialgas furnaces and boilers now in effect is one part of the effort to provideventing provisions which match appliance operating features. Some importantdefinitions are as follows: A Category I gas appliance may be defined as: "A non-condensinggas appliance that operates with a non-positive vent pressure." A fan-assisted combustion appliance is one which has a fan-assistedburner. A fan-assisted burner is defined as: "A burner which uses eitherinduced or forced draft." A draft hood appliance can only be Category I appliance, while anappliance with a fan-assisted burner may fall into any of the fourCategories; I, II, III, or IV.The input capacity tables in this Sizing Handbook are for Category I fanassisted, or for draft hood equipped appliances, or for vents for combinationsof these two types. These tables also apply to any appliance for whichCategory I venting is permissible, even if the appliance may also be vented tooperate under Category III conditions (such as horizontally through a wall).defined as: Category II - "A condensing gas appliance that operates with a nonpositive vent pressure." Category III - "A non-condensing gas appliance that operates with apositive vent pressure." Category IV - "A condensing gas appliance that operates with apositive vent pressure."The category in which to place a fan-assisted combustion appliance isdetermined by tests in accordance with its test standard. For furnaces inCategories I and III the steady state efficiency (output divided by input) mustbe 83 percent or less. This is to be determined from the relationship betweennet flue gas temperature (rise above ambient) and flue gas composition (%CO2).An appliance operating at a steady state efficiency over 83 percent may beplaced in Category II or IV depending on its flue gas outlet pressure.For further clarification:A non-condensing appliance is one in which, under continuousoperation, there will be no water collected internally or in the vent.A condensing appliance is one in which, during continuous operation,water may collect within the appliance or in the vent.Pressure in the vent will be non-positive if the vent is able to operate bynatural or gravity draft, but will be positive if the fan or burner producesadditional vent pressure to cause flow.Positive pressure also means that the internal static flue gas pressure isgreater than atmospheric. In such systems, the vent joints must be sealed toprevent leakage.Venting instructions furnished by a Category I appliance manufacturer shouldcontain the same tables as furnished here, or should refer to the GasAppliance Manufacturers' Association Tables, or to the National Fuel Gas Code.Venting instructions for appliances which fall into Category II, III, or IV shouldbe specific to those appliances and should not show or allow the use of TypeB gas vents.The primary aim of this Sizing Handbook is to provide more detailed guidanceon gas appliance venting than can be found in the codes or in appliancemanufacturers' instructions. It is intended for the convenience and assistanceof heating contractors, building inspectors, architects, engineers, and othersconcerned with the correct installation and configuration of Selkirk ventingproducts for fuel burning equipment.For additional clarification, the other three appliance categories may be5
The first seven sections of this Handbook are applicable to gas-burningCategory I equipment. Sections 1 and 2 provide tabulation of maximuminputs for both draft hood and fan-assisted equipment, as well as minimuminputs applicable only to fan-assisted equipment. Sizes from 3" to 24"diameter are covered with allowances for height and lateral length, as well asconnector rise and operating combinations for combined vents.Sections 3 through 8 contain added important details on ventingfunctions and the differences between draft hood and fan-assisted appliancesas inlets or gas sources for the vent system. Rain cap locations, applicationsto other appliance types, connector limitations, manifolding, multi-storyventing, and air supply are also discussed.Section 10 enhances the utility of this Handbook with graphs for capacitiesthrough 48" diameters for both gas vents and chimneys. Five specific graphsare provided which apply to selected draft hood and direct connected (nondraft hood) appliances burning gas, oil, or solid fuel. The Chimney DesignEquation in Section 11 provides the basis for the general design method. Itsapplication is illustrated with a detailed example.Section 12 discusses a method for checking vent operation and covers avariety of possible venting malfunctions with draft hood and fan-assistedcombustion appliances.Section 13 provides chimney sizing guidelines data for conventional openfront solid fuel-burning fireplaces, relating the chimney size and height to thefireplace frontal opening area.The Selkirk Sizing Handbook is an appropriate "Approved Method" of ventdesign and sizing as defined in national standards, such as the National FuelGas Code ANSI Z223.1, NFPA 54, or ANSI/NFPA 211 Chimneys, Fireplaces,Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances.The National Fuel Gas Code contains several provisions enabling the use ofthese tables. Vents designed by application of these tables will satisfyparagraph 7.3.1, which reads:7.3.1 Minimum Safe Performance: A venting system shall bedesigned and constructed so as to develop a positive flow adequate to removeflue or vent gases to the outside atmosphere.7.3.2 Equipment Draft Requirements: A venting system shallsatisfy the draft requirements of the equipment in accordance with themanufacturer's instructions.7.6.3 Size of Gas Vents: Venting systems shall be sized andconstructed in accordance with chapter 10 or other approved engineeringmethods* and the gas vent and gas equipment manufacturer's instructions.* Reference may also be made to the chapter on chimney, gas vent,and fireplace systems of the "Equipment" Volume of the ASHRAEHandbook. (Chart 6 given in Part III of this Handbook is taken fromChapter 26 of the ASHRAE Handbook.)The word "approved" as used in 7.6.3 means "acceptable to the authorityhaving jurisdiction." This authority, usually the building official or inspector,has the right to apply and enforce the local building code, or a nationalventing code if it has been adopted, or appropriate manufacturers' instructions6(equipment or venting). Every effort has been made in the development ofthis edition of the Handbook to assure that the recommendations herein areconsistent with National Codes and thus qualify for ac
10-6 General Factors for Chimney Sizing Graphs SECTION 11 GenerAl desiGn Methods 11-1 The Chimney Design Equation 11-2 The Chimney Design Chart 11-3 Design Chart Recommended Factors 11-4 Steps to Use Design Chart, Figure 34, for Sizing 11-5 Example Using Design Chart to Find Gas Vent Size SECTION 12 checkinG vent systeM operAtion Draft Hood .
2.4 Other types of control valves 40 2.5 Control valve selection summary 42 2.6 Summary 46 3 Valve Sizing for Liquid Flow 47 3.1 Principles of the full sizing equation 48 3.2 Formulae for sizing control valves for Liquids 51 3.3 Practical example of Cv sizing calculation 52 3.4 Summary 54 4 Valve Sizing for Gas and Vapor Flow 55
Battery Sizing Example 4. Sizing with Software 5. Battery Charger Sizing Saft Battery 2 Sizing. The Art and Science of Battery Sizing Saft Battery . 2-8 hr. battery backup normal Time (hh:mm:ss) Current (A) Paralleling Switchgear 8 120V to 600V (typical) DC bus 24, 48 or 125Vdc
SPECIFICATION DATA SHEET 74 Control Valve Data Sheet (Excel format) 75 CALCULATION SPREADSHEET Excel Format (British & SI unit) Sizing Spreadsheet for Liquid 75 Sizing Spreadsheet for Vapor 76 Example 1: Sizing a Control Valve in Liquid –Hydrocarbon 77 Example 2: Sizing a Control Valve in Liquid –Water 78
The challenge to building an FEA sizing model from a mesh of quadrilaterals and some triangles is how to develop user interfaces for easy setup of the sizing model and how to manage the inter-related data to generate the correct NASTRAN input file for sizing. The key ideas in this paper for automation of panel thickness sizing of aircraft
2008 (Ref. D), a sizing system and design were developed and optimized to accommodate the most individuals in the fewest sizes. The sizing system uses a three inch sizing interval for Chest Circumference in order to provide a better fit than the 4 inch interval currently used. For length, a two inch sizing interval for Torso Length is used.
Page 1 Rapid Recovery Sizing Guide Quest 2016of 24 Quest Rapid Recovery Sizing Guide 4.0 Sizing for Rapid Recovery 6.x, AppAssure 5.x and DL Series Appliances DISCLAIMER: This document is subject to change without notice and is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, express or implied.
sizing factors must be known at fractional valve openings. A computer sizing program having this information in a database can perform this task. This handbook on control valve sizing is based on the use of nomenclature and sizing equations from ANSI/ISA Standard S75.01.01 and IEC Standard 60534-2-1. Additional explanations and supportive .
4. Understand correct pipe material to be used based upon application and ground movement Domestic Cold Water Sizing - 2 Hours Domestic Hot Water Sizing - 1 Hour Domestic Heating Water Equipment Sizing and Selection - 2 Hour The programs will review the basics of domestic water pipe sizing, routing and coordination. Learning Objective: 1.
