The Young King And Other Stories - Pearson
level 3Teacher’s notesTeacher Support ProgrammeThe Young King and Other StoriesOscar WildeAbout the authorOscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born on16 October 1854, in Dublin, Ireland. He went to TrinityCollege, Dublin, and then onto Magdalen College, Oxfordto study classics. He was an exemplary student and wonmany literary prizes, and helped found the AestheticMovement, ‘art for art’s sake’ at Oxford. In 1884, Wildemarried Constance Mary Lloyd (1858–1898) with whomhe had two sons. Known for his biting wit, he becameone of the most successful playwrights of late VictorianLondon, and one of the greatest celebrities of his day.Several of his plays continue to be widely performed.In 1895, Wilde was charged with gross indecency andwas sent to prison for two years. Oscar Wilde died ofmeningitis in November 1900, and is buried in Paris, thecity where he had spent the last, penniless years of his life.SummaryStory 1 The Young King: When the young king is takenfrom the obscurity of his forest home to the palace, he is,at first, happy to wear the beautiful clothes that have beenmade for him. But after he dreams of the poor peoplestruggling to make the clothes and even dying to get thejewels that are needed for them, he doesn’t want themanymore. The people, however, do not want a king whodoes not look like a king. On the day of his coronation,the young king puts on his old clothes, takes up his oldstick and puts on a crown of wild roses. He is jeered bythe crowd as he walks to the church. While he is talkingto the priest, a group of angry government officials comeinto the church and insist that he cannot be king. At thatmoment a shaft of sunlight comes through the windowsand transforms his appearance into one far morepearsonenglishactivereaders.com Pearson Education Limited 2015beautiful than anyone has ever seen. The priest declareshe has been crowned by somebody greater than himself,and is therefore king.Story 2 The Birthday of the Infanta: The Infanta is thetwelve-year-old daughter of the King of Spain. A big showis put on for her birthday with music, magicians and rides,but the funniest act is an ugly dancing dwarf. The Infantathrows him a rose, which he interprets as a sign of love.When he tries to find her in the palace he comes faceto face with his own image in a mirror for the first timeand realises that he is ugly and only used as an object forthe Infanta to laugh at. When she comes into the room,she orders him to dance but he just lies on the floor. Thedoctor tells her that the dwarf has died of a broken heart.Story 3 The Happy Prince: The Happy Prince is a statueof gold and jewels which looks down on a city, but heis not as happy as the people think. When a small birdtakes shelter under the figure, she realises that the statueis crying. The prince explains that when he was alive heknew nothing of poverty and sadness, but now he can seeit all around the city. The bird really should return to awarmer climate but she stays to help the prince. She takesa jewel from his belt and gives it to a poor dressmaker.Then the prince tells her to take one of his eyes, made ofbeautiful Indian stones, and give it to a poor writer. Thenhe tells her to take his other eye and give it to a poor girl.As the prince is now blind, the bird decides to stay withhim. She dies of the cold, and the prince’s metal heartcracks with sadness. The people pull the statue down andburn it, all except for the heart which refuses to burn.They throw this and the dead bird away. These are takeninto heaven because they are the two best things in thecity.Story 4 The Fisherman and his Soul: One day a fishermancatches a beautiful mermaid in his net. He lets her goon the condition that she comes to him when he callsher and sings because her songs attract the fish. He fallsin love, but to be with her he must first send his soulaway. He consults a witch on how to do this and she tellshim she will help if he dances with her that night on themountain. She tells him he must cut away his shadowas the shadow is the body of the soul. His soul protestsbut is cut away and the fisherman is free to join themermaid in the sea. After a year, the soul returns andtells the fisherman about a magic mirror he has to offerhim in return for the fisherman taking back his soul. TheThe Young King and Other Stories - Teacher’s notes 1 of 3
level 3Teacher’s notesTeacher Support ProgrammeThe Young King and Other Storiesfisherman refuses. A year later, the soul returns again andoffers the fisherman a priceless ring. Again, the fishermandeclines. In the third year, the soul offers him a dancinggirl. Knowing the mermaid has no feet and can’t dance, heaccepts the offer and man and soul are reunited. On theirway to see the girl, the soul tells the fisherman to do badthings and to kill a man. He tries to cut his soul away for asecond time, but this is impossible. He waits by the sea foryears but the mermaid does not come. Then, one day thedead body of the mermaid is washed ashore. The grievingfisherman’s heart breaks, the soul enters his heart, and thesea covers the fisherman.of white gold from the forest. With the help of a rabbit,he finds the gold but gives it to a starving man. The oldman hits him, and orders him to bring a piece of yellowgold. This he finds too, but again he gives it to the starvingman. This happens again with a piece of red gold. Ashe is walking through the streets, people comment onhow beautiful he is and hail him as their new king. Thestar child says he is not because he is the son of a beggarwoman. Finally he meets the king and queen, the kingbeing the starving man he had given the gold to, and thequeen his mother. He is crowned king, and every one ishappy because he is a kind and generous king.Story 5 The Nightingale and the Rose: A young student isdesperate to find a red rose to win the heart of a girl. Anightingale overhears him and sets out to find a red rose.She goes to the first rose tree but its flowers are white.The second tree’s flowers are yellow and the third tree’sflowers, which were red, have all died from the cold.However, the tree tells the bird that she can make a redrose if she is prepared to sing while piercing her heartwith a thorn and letting her blood flow into the tree. Shedecides to do it. That night, she begins to sing and a roseopens on the tree. It is white and the bird has to pressdeeper against the thorn. The rose turns a beautiful red,but the bird doesn’t see it. She is dead. The next day, thestudent finds the rose outside his window. He runs to thegirl but she is not impressed by the rose as someone hasalready given her some fine jewels. He throws away therose, and decides that love must be a stupid thing since itpromises things it can’t deliver, and it is not as valuable aslearning useful things in books.Story 7 The Selfish Giant: A giant returns home afterseven years to find some children playing in his wonderfulgarden. He sends them away and builds a wall aroundthe garden. When spring comes, there are flowerseverywhere except in the giant’s garden, which is cold andbare. One day, the giant looks out of his window and seesthat his garden is full of children again and the trees fullof flowers. He notices a small boy crying next to a treethat is still bare. He realises that he has behaved badly andgoes out to talk to the children. They all run away fromhim except the small boy. The giant puts the boy in thetree, who kisses him, and the children come back. Thesmall boy then disappears for years until one day the giantsees him with cuts on his hands and feet. The boy tells thegiant that he wants him to come and play in his garden inthe sky. Later, the children find the giant dead under thetree, covered in white flowers.Story 6 The Star Child: A group of woodcutters find asmall child in the forest, wrapped in a gold coat coveredin stars. The child had fallen from the sky. One of thewoodcutters decides to look after the boy, despitehaving many children of his own and being very poor.The child grows into a beautiful-looking boy, but he ismean and unkind to every one around him and believeshe is superior. One day a beggar woman comes to thevillage and claims that the star child is her long lost son.He rejects her and sends her away. At this point, hisgood looks disappear and he is now an ugly boy. He vowsto repent and find his mother. He searches for threeyears, and then one day he is bought by an old man andimprisoned in his house as a slave. The old man, who isreally a magician, tells him to go and bring him a pieceReligion: There are clear references to religion in Stories1, 3 and 7. God crowns the Young King and receives theHappy Prince and the Selfish Giant into his kingdom.pearsonenglishactivereaders.com Pearson Education Limited 2015Background and themesRepentance: Salvation through repentance of one’ssins is the theme of The Star Child, and to some extentThe Fisherman and his Soul. By looking for his mother tosay sorry, the Star Child becomes beautiful again and iscrowned king. The fisherman is reunited with his love andfinds salvation in death.Love: The realisation of his ugliness, and therefore theimpossibility of the Infanta returning his love, kills thedwarf. The nightingale’s unselfish love of love itself and itsfruit in the form of a beautiful rose, is both mortal and invain.The Young King and Other Stories - Teacher’s notes 2 of 3
level 3Teacher’s notesTeacher Support ProgrammeThe Young King and Other StoriesDiscussion activitiesBefore reading1Research: Tell the students that Oscar Wilde is avery important figure in literature and ask them tolook for information on the Internet about him. Thestudents prepare a short biography of Wilde andpresent it to the class. Tell them also to include somefamous quotes.Story 1While reading (p. 2, after ‘As he slept, he dreamed.’)2Discuss: Put the students into small groups and askthem to talk about dreams. Consider the followingquestions: Do you dream often? Do you dream in colour,or in black and white? Do you have the same dreammany times? Do you have bad dreams? Do you thinkdreams can tell the future? What do dreams mean?Story 2While reading (p. 10, after ‘The Infanta has given me awhite rose and she loves me.’)3 Role play: Put the students in pairs and ask themto act out a conversation between the dwarf andthe Infanta. The dwarf tells her he wants to marryher and she gives him all the reasons why this isimpossible. See the Discussion activities key for anexample beginning to the conversation.After reading4Write and guess: Put students in pairs and ask themto choose a short paragraph from Stories 1 and 2.Tell then to write it again, making five changes towords in the text. Students then read out theirparagraphs to the other students, who have toidentify the mistakes.Story 3After reading5Pair work: Write the following words on the board:blue jewels, Egypt, dead flowers, a hole, eggs, beggar, fire.Ask the students to talk and write in pairs to say howthese words were used in Story 3.Story 4Before reading6Group work: Put the students in groups of fourand write the word Mermaid on the board. Ask thestudents what the word means. Tell the students tothink of what a mermaid looks like and to give youwords that could be used to describe one. Then, askthem to think of any other mythical creatures theyknow and to describe them.After reading7Write and guess: Write The mermaid had green eyes.on the board. Elicit which word is wrong from thestudents (blue, not green). Now students choosea sentence from Story 4 and rewrite it changingpearsonenglishactivereaders.com Pearson Education Limited 20158one word. Students talk to each other, reading outtheir sentences, and the other students have toidentify and correct the mistake.Write: Tell the students to imagine they arejournalists on a local newspaper. The body of thefisherman and the mermaid has been found on thebeach. Tell them to write an article describing thescene and giving possible explanations for what hashappened.Story 5Before reading9Game: Tell the students that a nightingale is a type ofbird. Then put them in small groups and give themfive minutes to write down all the names of animalsthey know in English. The group with the longest listwins.After reading10 Discuss: The story is about love. Tell the students totalk about any books or films they know in which loveis the central theme. Consider the followingquestions: Do you like these stories/films? Do theyusually have a sad or happy ending? Are the peopleusually very good looking? Are these stories like real life?Story 6While reading (p. 50, after ‘When he pushed a stickinto the eyes of a little rabbit, they laughed.’)11 Discuss: Put the students in groups and ask themto talk about people’s attitudes to animals in theircountry. Consider the following questions: Do a lot ofpeople keep animals as pets? What animals do theykeep? Is it OK to use animals in sport? Is it OK to killanimals and not eat them? Do many people refuse toeat animals? Do people use animals to make clothes?After reading12 Write, ask and answer: Write Who did the starchild throw stones at? on the board and elicit theanswer (A sick man). Now tell students to writesimilar questions about Story 6. Students then talkto each other in a group, asking and answering eachother’s questions.Story 7Before reading13 Group work: Put the students in small groups andwrite the word selfish on the board. Make sure thestudents know the meaning. Then ask them to thinkof all the words we can use to describe a person’scharacter. Put these on the board and add some ofyour own, explaining the meaning of the words.Students can then describe their own characters andthose of people they know.The Young King and Other Stories - Teacher’s notes 3 of 3
level 3Activity worksheetsTeacher Support ProgrammeThe Young King and Other StoriesWhile readingStory 11 Find the right words in Story 1.a The opposite of wide. (p. 2) b This person is the boss and people work forhim or her. (p. 2) c An expensive metal. (p. 2) d It’s a part of the body. People wear beltsaround it. (p. 4) e A red thing we have in our bodies. (p. 4) f A lot of people in one place together. (p. 4) g Something you can see your face in. (p. 4) h It’s a type of flower. (p. 6) 2Underline the wrong word(s) and put the rightone(s).a The king’s daughter married a musician. b One day, a rich man saw the young king infront of a picture from Paris. c The men on the ship put the pearls in a blackbag. d Blood was coming from the slave’s ears andnose. e The priest was a young man. f White flowers grew from the young king’scoat. Story 23 Put the words in the right place to make asentence.a pipe Indian music a An played on man b gave The rose dwarf Infanta the white a c through The little dwarf little went a door d books red were There table round a big on e dwarf rose pieces pulled The to the f heart dwarf a The died broken of 4What’s first? Number the sentences 1–6.a c The dwarf hit the floor with his hands.b c The Infanta gave the dwarf a rose.pearsonenglishactivereaders.com Pearson Education Limited 2015PhotocopiablecdefccccThe dwarf died.The king went to see his dead queen.The dwarf danced in front of the Infanta.The dwarf saw himself in a mirror.Story 35 Put words on the left with words on the right.lookin piecesfallsadfinishlandsbreakasleepthrowa storystrangeaway6Put the underlined letters in the right order tomake a word.a The little bird heard the sound of dancing inthe lpcaea .b A clever man thought it was nasuluu to see that kind of bird.c The little bird told the prince strange anddfowelurn things.d The children’s faces became gbehrtir when the swallow gavethem the gold.e An ptotmrnia man looked upat the statue.f God’s rnsvseta brought Himthe heart and the bird.7Circle the right words.a The bird stayed on the statue because therewas plenty of fresh food / air / water.b When he was alive the prince lived in ahouse / shop / palace.c The prince’s heart was made of metal / gold /silver.d A woman was making a dress / coat / hat forthe queen’s ladies.e The bird’s brothers / parents / friends werewaiting for him in Egypt.f The prince’s eyes were made of beautifulgreen / blue / grey stones.g The important man thought that the princelooked like a beggar / king / painter.Story 48 Circle the wrong word in the sentences.a The mermaids hair was as like gold.b The fisherman tried to touching touch themermaid.The Young King and Other Stories - Activity worksheets 1 of 2
level 3Activity worksheetsThe Young King and Other Storiesc The witch lived near of the beach.d The witch thought that she was as beautifulthan as the mermaid.e The fisherman knew that something waswatched watching him.f The mermaid put her arms around throughthe fisherman’s neck.g The fisherman’s heart broke broken when hekissed the dead mermaid.9Finish the sentences with the right words.special wise deep heavy bad metalwilda The fisherman’s net was very because a mermaid was in it.b The mermaid had blue eyes.c The witch fought against the fisherman like a cat.d The soul saw a mirror on astone table.e The king gave the soul his ring.f The fisherman wanted to tell the mermaidabout the things he did.g The fisherman thought that love was betterthan being or rich.10 Underline the wrong word(s) and put the rightone(s).a The mermaid was awake in the net. b The mermaid was the sister of the King ofthe Sea. c The King of the Sea was a young man. d The witches knew the fisherman was on themountain when they saw him. e The soul bought the mirror from the priest. f If the fisherman has the ring, he will be wiserthan all the kings. g The fisherman paid the man and took thebags of gold. Story 511 Are the sentences right ( ) or wrong ( )?a The nightingale has seen many true lovers. cb The red rose tree was under the studentswindow.cc The student understood what thenightingale was saying.cpearsonenglishactivereaders.com Pearson Education Limited 2015Teacher Support ProgrammePhotocopiabled The first song the bird sang to the treewas about death.e The girl’s pet was a little cat.f An officer gave the girl some jewels.ccc12 Finish the sentences.a The first rose tree couldn’t give the bird a redrose because . .b The red rose tree has no flowers because . .c The bird thought that the heart of a man wasmore . .d The student only knew things that were . .e The bird did not see the red rose because . .f The red rose would not go with .Story 613 Answer the questions.a What did the woodcutters think was in thecoat? b Where did the woodcutter put the coat? c When was the child found in the forest? d How long did the child look for his mother? e Who did the child give the pieces of gold to? f What did the child do when he became king? 14 Put words on the left with words on the right.losestonesgates ofyour waysadnoiselook aftermenloudendingthrowsomeonewisethe cityStory 715 Find the right words in Story 7.a It’s a season of the year. (p. 60) b It’s green and it grows in the garden. (p. 61) c It is very cold and hard. (p. 61) d It’s a part of the body. (p. 62) The Young King and Other Stories - Activity worksheets 2 of 2
level 3Progress testTeacher Support ProgrammeThe Young King and Other Stories1 Put the number of the story next to the sentences.a c Someone kills a person with a knife.b c Someone builds a wall.c c Someone dances and makes people laugh.d c There is a girl selling eggs.e c Someone dreams of seeing slaves on a ship.f c A
Story 2 the Birthday of the Infanta: The Infanta is the twelve-year-old daughter of the King of Spain. A big show is put on for her birthday with music, magicians and rides, but the funniest act is an ugly dancing dwarf. The Infanta throws him a rose, which he interprets as a sign of love. When he tries to find her in the palace he comes face
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