Liquid Nitrogen Training - Environment, Health & Safety
Safe Handling and Use ofLiquid NitrogenPresented by the Office of Biological Safety
Safety Training OutlineThis awareness training is intended for laboratory users of Liquid Nitrogen Characteristics of Liquid Nitrogen andassociated HazardsHandling Liquid NitrogenLiquid CylindersStoragePersonal Protective Equipment (PPE)Transporting Liquid CylindersEmergencies
Characteristics of Nitrogen Nitrogen 78% of AtmosphereIt is Colorless, Odorless, Tasteless, andNontoxic Boils at -320 degrees Fahrenheit (-196 C) Non-Flammable WILL NOT SUPPORT LIFE Gas is slightly lighter than air
Hazards Liquid Nitrogen is extremely cold: -320F On vaporization, Liquid Nitrogen expands bya factor of almost 700 (1 cu.ft. LN2 700 cu.ft. N2) Can cause severe frostbite or eye damage uponcontactSubstances may become brittle upon contact withliquid nitrogen and shatter, sending pieces flyingMay cause an explosion of a sealed container.Displaces oxygen and may cause asphyxiation.Oxygen may condense on surface of LN2 Highly reactive with organic materials
Oxygen Deficiency Precautions LN2 should be used and stored in wellventilated areas. High concentrations of nitrogen reduce thebreathable oxygen in the air.LN2 release can cause oxygen deficiency:When transferring between containers From leaking valves From liquid tank venting From open containers
Transporting LN2 Containers Containers must always be storedin the upright positionLN2 cylinders vary in weight andsize. They are all heavy andcumbersomeDo not roll, either vertically orhorizontallyAlways use the specially designedcylinder cart when moving LN2cylindersIf the container tips over, let it go
Handling LN2:Transferring from Primary Container Always wear safety equipment including heavy loosefitting leather or cryogenic gloves, and eye and faceprotectionPrior to use, ensure the fittings on the regulatormatch the fittings on the liquid containerNever use unregulated adaptors on liquid containersOpen valves slowly to minimize thermaleffects and control gas escapeDo not fill Dewars or secondary containersto more than 80% of capacity; expansionof gases may cause pressure buildup
Handling LN2:Bench top Containers Bench top containers are utilized for small scale use in labsTransfer LN2 only from Dewars or secondary containers,never from primary pressurized tankNever dispense liquid into an unapproved container, such asa Thermos bottle. It will shatter.Transfer of LN2 can cause splashing Utilize specialized withdrawal devices instead of pouring (LN2 Pump)Transfer liquid slowly to prevent thermal shock, pressurebuildup, and splashing.Always where appropriate PPE.
Liquid Withdrawal Transfer of LN2 can cause splashingUse caution when inserting open-ended pipes ortubes. Cold liquid/gas may spurt through warm end.Ensure that withdrawal hose is equippedwith a phase separator to prevent splashingTransfer liquid slowly to prevent thermalshock, pressure buildup, and splashingAlways wear appropriate PPE
Safe Use in LabsWhen handling LN2 in labs, ALWAYS REMEMBER Only trained personnel should work with LN2 Have a plan Wear appropriate PPEInstruments and withdrawal devices incontact with LN2 become extremely coldLN2 should only be handled in approved containers Inform others in labUse in well vented and low traffic areasDo not transport in uncovered containersAvoid breathing LN2 vaporsCarry transport containers away from body and faceDo not leave open containers unattended
Handling Cryotubes Cryotubes used to contain samples storedunder liquid nitrogen may explode withoutwarning when handling and thawing.When thawing cryotubes,take the following protective steps: Wear a face shield and safety goggles,whenever handling cryogenic liquid.Wear appropriate insulated gloves.Wear a buttoned lab coat and pants and closed toedshoes.Place the cryotube in a heavy-walled container (e.g., adessicator) or behind a safety shield while thawing.
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Different Types of LN2ContainersUse only containers specially designed to hold liquid nitrogen-Check with the manufacturer
Low Pressure LN2Container Components Liquid Withdrawal ValvePressure Gauge - Displays internalpressure of the container Contents Gauge -A float-type liquid levelgauge-indicates approximate level of liquid. Vent Valve -Primarily used in the fillprocess to vent the vapor space while filling.Can be used to vent unwanted pressure duringstorage and use Pressure Relief Devices (2)Protect vessel from over-pressurization-Re-seating spring-loaded relief valve releases at 22 psig-Burst disk rated to protect the inner vessel
Content Gauge on Liquid CylindersThe container contents gauge is a floattype liquid level sensor that indicates thelevel of the liquid.The gauge is an indication of approximatecontainer content, and should not be usedfor judging the weight of the container.Containers are always filled by Weight!
Pressure Relief Devices The liquid-to-gas conversion rate is about 2.3% per day.Pressure will build until releasedby the control valve. Unless released, gas can build upto dangerous levelsHearing a slight hiss from a LN2cylinder is the normal operationof its pressure relief device.LN2 cylinders should always be stored in well ventilatedareas.Contrary to popular belief, storage of LN2 in cold rooms willnot slow down the liquid to gas conversion.
Warning! Never plug, restrict, cap, seal or remove anyrelief or venting device.Ice or frost buildup on a pressure relief valveshould be removed with a damp cloth.(Wear proper Personal ProtectiveEquipment (PPE) when removingthe frost.)
Personal Protective EquipmentNeeded Eye Protection Full Face Shield with safety goggles is bestHeavy, Loose-Fitting leatheror Cryogenic GlovesLab CoatClosed toe shoesLong Pants Avoid cuffs Do not tuck pants into shoes/boots
Emergencies If there is a large spill or rupture of a container,call 911 and warn others in building. Evacuate. There may be oxygen deficiency inthe area of the spill.Cold burns should be immediately flushed withtepid water or placed in a warm water bath. Notify SupervisorSeek medical evaluation UW Hospital and Clinics Emergency RoomDO NOT RUB SKIN – may damage tissue
Thank you for your participation.Your safety is important to us.QUESTIONS?contactEnvironment, Health and Safety Dept.265-5000
Hazards Liquid Nitrogen is extremely cold: -320F Can cause severe frostbite or eye damage upon contact Substances may become brittle upon contact with liquid nitrogen and shatter, sending pieces flying On vaporization, Liquid Nitrogen expands by a factor of almost 700 (1 cu.ft. LN 2 700
Nitrogen Cycle The atmosphere is the largest reservoir of nitrogen on Earth. It consists of 78 percent nitrogen gas. The nitrogen cycle moves nitrogen through abiotic and biotic compo-nents of ecosystems. Absorption of Nitrogen Plants and other producers use nitrogen to synthesize nitrogen-containing organic
Microstat family MicrostatN MicrostatHe MicrostatHires MicrostatMO Cooling medium Liquid nitrogen Liquid helium or liquid nitrogen Liquid helium or liquid nitrogen Liquid helium Temperature range 77.2 - 500 K 2.2 - 500 K 2.7 - 500 K 6 - 300 K Temperature stability 0.5 K 0.1 K 0.1 K 0.1 K Magnetic field NA NA 1 NA 1 5 T
The ENB 45 Pneumatic Nitrogen Booster provides the capability of boosting remaining lower pressure Nitrogen from supply bottles to the required pressure, up to 4,500 psi. The Nitrogen Booster is driven by compressed air or nitrogen. It cycles automatically to boost low-pressure nitrogen to high pressure.
d) Liquid and Gas 4. In Thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _ and the mobile phase is made of _ a) Solid, liquid b) Liquid, liquid c) Liquid, gas d) Solid, gas 5. Which among the following gases have diamagnetic property? a) Oxygen b) Nitrogen c) Nitrogen dioxide d) Nitric oxide 6.
flammable liquid 3 flammable liquid 3 flammable liquid 3 flammable liquid DOT Guide Number 22 17 22 28 26 27 128 - CAS Number 1333-74- 74-82-8 74-98-6 65-56-1 64-17-5 8006-61-9 68476-34-6 67784-80-9 STCC Number 4905746 4905755 4905781 4909230 - 4908178 - - ICC, OSHA, NFPA Liquid Flammability Class - - - IB flammable liquid IB flammable liquid IB
variable. The difficulty of solving the liquid-liquid extraction problem is reduced when the extract product composition is selected for the design variable instead of the solvent inlet flow, as will be demonstrated here. 1 Liquid-Liquid Extraction Liquid-liquid extraction consists of extracting a solute from a
Nitrogen Gas Generators Nitrogen gas generators produce pure nitrogen from compressed air. Parker Balston nitrogen gas generators produce ultra-pure nitrogen for use as GC carrier gases, make-up gases, and low-flow sample concentrators. Models are available to
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