Software-Defined Solutions For Managing Energy Use In .

Software-Defined Solutions for Managing Energy Use in Small toMedium Sized Commercial Buildings2014 Building Technologies Office Peer ReviewBuilding Operating System Services (BOSS)ApplicationStackUser interfaces: smart phone/web-basedControl algorithms: schedule, optimization,demand responseSecurity/AuthorizationService:BOSS WAVE(Wide Area thorizationService:BOSS WAVE(Wide Area VerifiedExchange)PhysicalData/DeviceTransaction ManagerDatabase (Timeseries service)Hardware abstractionlayer servicesMAP sMAP sMAPdriver driver rollightingHardwarePresentationlayer: sMAP(SimpleMonitoring andActuation Profile)AppliancecontrolapplianceTherese Peffer, therese.peffer@uc-ciee.orgCalifornia Institute for Energy &Environment, UC Berkeley

Project SummaryTimeline:Start date: December 09, 2013 (New Project)Planned end date: October 31, 2014Key Milestones:1. Successful operation of thermostat, lightingcontroller & general load controller, Oct 31,20142. Successful integration of hardware withBOSS software platform, Oct 31, 20143. Software apps display sufficient maturity toallow full evaluation of BOSS system, Oct31, 2014Budget:Total DOE to date: 60,710Total future DOE : 440,561Target Market/Audience:Small and medium commercial buildingowners/tenants, manufacturers of equipmentand suppliers of services.2Key Partners:California Institute for Energy & EnvironmentSoftware Defined Buildings/EECS/UC BerkeleyWestern Cooling Efficiency Center/UC DavisLawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBuilding RoboticsProject Goal:Develop a working prototype of an opensoftware-architecture, open source BuildingAutomation System (BAS) for smallcommercial buildings, based on BuildingOperating System Services (BOSS). Theprototype includes a plug-and-playthermostat, lighting and general controllers,user interface with display, system set-up andauto-mapping.

Purpose and ObjectivesProblem Statement: Light commercial buildings (5k-50k sf) account for 42% of thefloor area of US commercial buildings, yet do not benefit from BuildingAutomation Systems. These buildings have extremely varied usage and differentΛϟΔ̼Ϊή ͻΧͳ ΛΧ̼Ϊ̠θͻΛΔͳ ̠Δ̸ ̭ͻ Χ̠ϥΓ̼Δθʹ B!ͼ ΛΧ̼Ϊ̠θΛΪή’ ήΊͻ ή ̠Ϊ̼ ͻΊ̼ ϥ ͻΓͻθ̸̼ͶTarget Market and Audience: 43 billion sf, 700 billion kWh/year, 2 billion MMBtu/year fuels Stage 1—Energy Efficiency Application (App) Developers, Thermostat Vendors,Lighting Controls Vendors, Commercial Equipment Vendors (e.g., copiers) Stage 2—RTU Vendors, Lighting System Vendors Primary Vendors to Small Commercial Buildings (e.g., security/alarm companies)Impact of Project: 1st R&D Year—Open architecture shows potential for vendor access to market 2nd&3rd R&D Years through 1 year after project—enables app development,stage 1 energy efficiency apps offered by vendors, service offered by initialprimary vendors - 15% energy savings in 1% of market. Years 2-3 Post—Stage 2 apps offered by vendors - 25% savings in 5% of market. Years 3 Post—Other primary vendors - 25% savings in 25 % of market - 5B/yr.3

ApproachApproach: Because the BOSS platform is built on a RESTful web servicesintegration of heterogeneous data, the architecture is inherently scalable toadapt the size of the network (e.g., of sensors or other nodes) to suit smalleror larger buildings or provide greater or fewer data points.Key Issues: All communication (e.g. commands sent, sensor data published,subscription requests) are secure (BOSS Wide Area Verified Exchange(BOSSwave)). Simple Monitoring and Actuation Profile (sMAP) driversprovide agnostic physical access to sensors, actuators, or data streams—canbe WiFi, ZigBEE, Ethernet, BACnet/IP etc.Distinctive Characteristics: The key innovations are a layered open softwarearchitecture, and the data aggregator and archiver sMAP. The modulararchitecture is the disruptive technology to the market as a means for thirdparties to easily create new applications (control algorithms, diagnostics,visualization) or add new devices (occupancy sensors, actuator/monitor forspecific load), while radically reducing cost of implementation.4

sMAP – simple Monitoring and Actuation ProfileApplicationsUniform Access to Diverse Physical onDebuggingAuthenticationPhysical InformationsMAPREST APIHTTP/TCPElectricalDent Instruments PowerScout 18, ION6200, Obvius Aquisuite; PSL pQube,Veris Industries, Schneider ElectricION power meters accessed withModbus/Ethernet, HTTP, OPC-DAWaterStructuralWeather(NOAA forecast from webscrape, Vaisala WXT520rooftop weather station withSDI-12, LabJack/Modbus)www.openbms.org5JSON ObjectsActuatorSiemens Apogee BMS,Legrand WattStopper,Johnson Control BMSAccessed by BACnet/IPOccupancyEnvironmental(Temperature, CO2,light, RH with wireless6lowPAN mesh)PIR with wireless6lowPAN meshGeographical͙

Building Operating System Services (BOSS)66

Security: BOSS Wide Area Verified Exchange (BOSSwave) Web of trust modelDecentralizedPush to (multiple) subscribers – not pollRevocationVerify– Origin, Authorization of Operation, Target Limit– Processing of unauthorized ops, bandwidth of fanout Tolerate– Intermittent connection7

BOSSwave3526841App must prove to Brokerthat it is authorized topublish to light34

Proposed openBASInternetRoof Top HVAC UnitsPeriodic updates to RepositoryOverhead lightingBuilding LANWAPTimeSeriesDatabaseEthernet to device (e.g., thermostat),BACnet if applicableBOSS server9FITPC with openBAS platform including: sMAP sources (instances of drivers for particular devices) DiscoveryLighting /gateway Repository: TimeSeries Archiver/databasebridge sMAP drivers Config Discovery registry

Progress and AccomplishmentsLessons Learned: Some commercially available controllers more easily integratedinto platform than others (e.g., reliability, open Application Programming Interface(APIs))Accomplishments: Wrote several device interfaces (sMAP drivers). ImplementedAuto-discovery (PlugNPlay) of device (e.g., find device on network, discover typeof device, autoload appropriate driver). Developed communication and datasecurity (BOSSwave). Demonstrated the implementation of two differentthermostats, two different lighting control devices, and a general controller.Market Impact: Efforts—Including robust authentication and authorization capability, seeProject Integration (p.11) for collaboration and coordination regarding APIs andaccepted standards. Actual impact—On track for end of year 1 architecture to be compelling forpotential equipment vendors to open APIs to monitoring and actuationrequests, and energy efficiency vendors to develop applications.Awards/Recognition:10

Project Integration and CollaborationProject Integration: Initiated conversations with key equipment vendors (e.g., lighting controls)regarding opening API to monitoring and actuation access. Software architecture builds upon accepted standards (E.g., WiFi, MQTT-3)Partners, Subcontractors, and Collaborators:California Institute for Energy & Environment, UC Berkeley: Project managementand administration, market delivery strategy planSoftware Defined Buildings, Electrical Engineering Computer Science, UC Berkeley:System integration, software platform, user interface, appsWestern Cooling Efficiency Center, UC Davis: HVAC controller and apps, demosLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: Lighting controller and apps, FLEXLABBuilding Robotics: Software platform and applicationsCommunications: E I’ή Power Delivery & Utilization Program, Software DefinedBuildings Summer and Winter retreats (UC Berkeley/industry), Green TechCenter/ITU/SDU (Denmark), Centre for Sustainable Communications in KTH(Sweden), Saga University (Japan), Daikin Konwakai (ͼθͶ ͢ͻ̮ ̠̼ ’ήͳ ͢D)11

Next Steps and Future PlansNext Steps and Future Plans:Year 1: Implement user interfaces for different types of users (occupant, buildingmanager, installer/app vendor) Develop market delivery strategy plan Integrate the software with hardware and user interface Test increasingly sophisticated control algorithms Demonstrate BOSS capabilitiesYear 2: Test-bed implementation in ͜Bͣ͜’ή FLEXLAB Refine/expand controller capabilities, sensors, and user interfaceYear 3: Deployment in three buildings Refine/expand controller capabilities (e.g., DR) and user interface Evaluate, measure, and verify12

REFERENCE SLIDES13

BOSS Software platform backbone of OpenBASControl applicationsUser InterfaceApplicationsStatusdisplay(model building,optimization, faultdetection/diagnostics,demand response)Systemset-upSubscribeBuilding System ServicesTransaction ManagerTimeSeriesServiceExecution EnvironmentHardware Abstraction LayerPublishHardwarepresentation layerHardwaredevicesCommandAutomapping sMAPDiscovery driversMAPdriversMAPdriver6lowpan WiFi ZigBEE etcThermostatHVAC RoofTop Unit14Security:BOSSWAVE(Wide AreaVerifiedExchangeLighting gatewayLED fixture orfluorescent ballastsGeneral control(bathroom fans,refrigerators,signage, security)14

Project BudgetProject Budget:Variances: 501,271 project budgetMore travel than anticipated (participation at BTO review andCMU workshop)Cost to Date: 60,710 spent (12% budget), 0 cost share recorded of 12,500 project budget (0% budget).Additional Funding: NoneBudget HistoryDecember 9, 2013– FY2013FY2014—October 31, 2014(past)(current)DOE 015Cost-share 0DOE 60,710Cost-share 0

Project Plan and Schedule16

Thermostat Light control Appliance control . temperature . actuators . . Siemens Apogee BMS, Legrand WattStopper, Johnson Control BMS Accessed by BACnet/IP . Occupancy . PIR with wireless 6lowPAN mesh . sMAP . Modeling Visualization Continuous Commissio