Fire Marshal’s Office Annual Report
2016-17Fire Marshal’s Office Annual Report6/30/2017MILFORD FIRE DEPARTMENTAnthony W. Fino, Senior Fire Inspector
Table of Contents3Mission Statement4Organizational Structure & Functions of the Fire Marshal’s Office5Fire Prevention & Public Safety Education15Fire Code Enforcement29Fire Cause Investigation39Summary & Analysis2
Milford Fire Marshal's OfficeMission Statement"The mission of the Milford Fire Marshal's Office is to reduce the economic and humanlosses associated with fire through public education, fire code enforcement, and firecause investigation."3
Organizational Structure& Functions of the Fire Marshal’s OfficeThe Fire Marshal’s Office currently consists of four uniformed members of theMilford Fire Department and one civilian clerk position. The division is led by AssistantChief/Fire Marshal Bernard Begley. There is one Senior Fire Inspector, InspectorAnthony Fino, and two Fire Inspectors, Inspector Tim Suden and Inspector MarcLaBrecque. There is also an Administrative Clerk, Rose-Marie Colon. A fourthInspector, David Lazo, is scheduled to begin in July 2017.The members of the Fire Marshal’s Office are responsible for public safety education,fire code enforcement, and fire cause investigation. Public safety education consists offire safety related programs for school children as young as pre-kindergarten as well asprograms for adults, including senior citizens. Fire code enforcement begins with planreview for all new building projects and continues with annual compliance inspections.Fire cause investigation is also conducted by the members of the Fire Marshal’s Officefor the purpose of reducing future losses associated with fire-related incidents.4
Fire Prevention &Public Safety EducationYouth Fire-Setters Intervention ProgramOne of the longest running public safety programs the Fire Marshal’s Office provides isthe Milford Youth Fire-Setter Intervention Program. This program has beenadministered by the Fire Marshal’s Office since 1996. We provide services for childrenand their families who have had exposure to fire-setting behavior. We primarily providethis service for residents of Milford; however, when requested, we also will provideservices for those in need in our surrounding communities. We have a small team ofregistered nurses, therapists, and clinicians who also assist us with this program.The Program Mission Statement is as follows:“To identify the fire-setting behavior of children involved in theunsanctioned/unsupervised use of fire, determine the motivation for the fire-settingbehavior, and provide prevention education/intervention and referrals if warrantedfor these children and their families.”5
This program provides support and education in fire prevention and safety for the childand his or her family. The program consists of educational sessions with fire safetyprofessionals. Through a comprehensive assessment process, an individualizedprogram will be designed for the child’s specific needs. If the child is found to needadditional support services, recommendations and referrals to other supportingagencies can be made.The program provided services for six (6) children in the fiscal year 2016-17. The agebreakdown of children involved in our program this year was as follows:Youth Cases by Age0% 0%33% 5 years old5 - 9 years old10 - 13 years old67%14 - 17 years oldThe Program is funded through the department’s Fire Intervention account andcurrently operates on 2,500.00 annually. These funds are used to purchaseeducational materials and electronic equipment needed for the program. The funds arealso utilized for educational seminars and meetings required for the interventionistsworking in our program. The non-department team members are required to attendcontinuing education seminars and workshops related to youth fire-setting.The Milford Youth Fire-Setters Program was also awarded State Pilot Programstatus in 2016 by the Office of the State Fire Marshal. Milford was one of only threedepartments in the state to earn this recognition. With this recognition, we will workwith the OSFM and the State Department of Children and Families to develop astandardized curriculum and program development guideline to be used as the model6
for future programs throughout the state. We are hopeful that additional funding andresources will also become available through the pilot program process.Youth fire-setting cases are documented in a state-approved database called YFires. All data (excluding all personal information) can be shared with other programsoperating in the state. We also assess the data annually to see trends in youth-relatedfire incidents from year to year. The chart below displays the number youth fire-settingcases that we see annually.Number of Cases by Year6.265.85.65.4Number of Cases by al Youth Fire-Setting Cases)We also assess the youth fire-setting activity based on the time of day that theincidents occur. We generally find that most incidents occur in the afternoon, betweenthe hours of 3pm and 8pm. These incidents indicate a lack of parental supervision inthe typical after-school hours.7
Incident Time of Day0% 0%17%12:00 - 11:0011:00 - 15:0015:00 - 20:0020:00 - 12:0083%(Youth Fire-Setting by Time of Day)Youth fire-setting continues to be a serious concern for fire prevention. Althoughthe number of cases is generally low, the incidents make up the majority of intentionallyset fires. Nationally, over 50% of all reported arson fires are set by juveniles. We seesimilar percentages in our community. These incidents can lead to large monetary firelosses and even personal injury. Additionally, we see a direct correlation between youthfire-setting behavior and social/emotional disorders. For this reason, we have nowpartnered with the Milford Health Department and the Youth and Family ServicesDivision to include certified therapists in our program sessions. In the cases wherefurther clinical services are warranted, direct referrals are recommended to the Youthand Family Services Division. We feel that this partnership is critical for thecomprehensive support services that most of these children and their families need.8
Smoke & Carbon Monoxide AlarmInstallation ProgramOur office currently offers a free smoke alarm and carbon monoxide alarminstallation program for Milford residents. According to a recent study conducted bythe NFPA and NFIRS, from the years 2009 - 2013 there was an average of 940 deathsper year in homes with no working smoke detection. That is 38% of residential firedeaths! *The installation program ensures that smoke and carbon monoxide alarms areinstalled properly and in the right location in the home. By doing this, we make surethat our residents are safe and not part of the statistics. Members currently working inthe Fire Marshal's Office schedule appointments and meet with homeowners in order tomake the proper installation. There is also now a procedure for on-duty enginecompanies to complete the installations, when necessary.The Department installed 38 smoke alarms and 32 carbon monoxide alarms in43 residential homes in fiscal year 2016/17.* Ahrens, Mary ." Smoke Alarms in US Homes." NFPA Research and Reports.September 2015. Quincy: NFPA.9
Since 2014, we have been installing 10-year lithium battery alarms exclusively.The 10-year battery technology provides for worry-free protection and peace of mind.Our Office creates a permanent record of the number and location of each alarminstalled and the date of the installation. This provides us the opportunity to providereplacement of the alarms at the end of their life cycle. Another benefit of the 10-yearbattery alarms is that they do not require semi-annual battery replacement. We nolonger have to worry about the possibility of the homeowner forgetting to change theirbatteries and the smoke alarm failing when needed.In the fiscal year 2016-17, the department responded to 6 structure fires insingle-family residential homes. In these incidents, 4 were found to have workingsmoke alarms. Of the two residences found without working smoke alarms, one wasrenovated with an upgraded hard-wired, interconnected smoke alarm system. Theother is still in the renovation process.10
Portable Fire Extinguisher TrainingThe Fire Marshal’s Office also provides portable fire extinguisher training forvarious employees in their workplaces. This training is OSHA and Fire Code complianttraining for those businesses that are required to provide it. The training utilizes theBullEx ITS Intelligent Training System and provides for a “hands-on” fireextinguishing experience.The BullEx ITS Intelligent Training System is a sophisticated piece of trainingequipment, and as such, requires routine maintenance and service. This servicerequires approximately 800 annually. This cost is for the routine maintenance and canincrease if additional service is found to be needed. We also need to purchase liquidpropane for the fuel of the BullEx ITS Intelligent Training System. The system issupplied by typical 20lb propane cylinders. In the fiscal year 2015-16, we spent a total of 500.00 on maintenance and supplies required for fire extinguisher training. Thesystem failed at the end of the 2016 season and the necessary repairs will cost 1200.Unfortunately, due to the budget deficits, the fire extinguishertraining has been suspended until additional funding is provided to servicethe equipment. We hope to begin providing employee training again in Julyof 2017.*Fire extinguisher training is required to be conducted outside; therefore, the training is only conductedduring the months of May through October.11
Propane Collection ServicesThe Fire Marshal’s Office conducts two propane collection days each year. Thesecollection days are conducted in the Spring and the Fall and are held at the North EndFire Station. The department collects old liquid propane cylinders from Milfordresidents for free disposal. Old, abandoned propane cylinders are a serious fire andexplosion hazard. There are very few places that will accept these cylinders so we offerthe service. We partner with Paraco Gas Company who will then collect all the cylindersand provide for their safe recycle/disposal.In the fiscal year 2016-17, we collected a total of 476 propane cylinders duringour two collection days. 265 cylinders were collected on September 24, 2016 and 211cylinders were collected on May 20, 2017. This continues to be a popular program intown and continues to collect a large number of otherwise hazardous cylinders.12
Safe Ash Disposal CampaignOver the past several winters the office has seen a considerable number of fires inthe winter season. As this is common in cold weather regions with supplementalheating appliances, there have been an alarming number of these fires that were foundto be directly related to careless ash/coal disposal. Most notably, the Stamford firetragedy in December of 2011, which claimed the lives of three children and two adults,was determined to be caused by the careless disposal of fireplace ashes. To avoid suchlosses in Milford, our office began a public safety campaign this year to inform andeducate our citizens in the practice of safe ash disposal. We used public safetyannouncements on both our city webpage and our department Facebook page. Wealso employed a metal ash bucket raffle in which we purchased ten metal ash bucketsfrom Lowe’s and donated them to Milford Residents by raffle.We began the public safety campaign on November 18, 2015 and provided themetal ash buckets to the Milford raffle winners on December 4, 2015. The distributionof the ash buckets was recorded by name and address in our Firehouse records. Wesaw our first winter season without an ash disposal fire in the winter of 2015-16. Wehope to continue this trend into the future. Winter 2016-17 was also free from ashrelated fires. To date, we feel that this has been one of our most successful fireprevention programs!13
Public Education PresentationsThe members of Fire Marshal’s Office perform several safety educationpresentations to the public each year. These presentations range in topics from firesafety to slip and fall prevention for senior citizens. Our target audiences also rangefrom pre-kindergarten children to the elderly. In recent years, we have also expandedour training to the Milford Board of Education staff. We now perform annual trainingfor all school staff from principals to school greeters.The Fire Marshal’s Office performed 28 total hours of safety presentations thisyear. These presentations also include fire evacuation drill observations in many schooland business buildings. This total is typically higher; however, public education wassignificantly limited after the resignation of the two Fire Inspectors in January 2016.With the addition of three (3) new Fire Inspectors, we hope to increase the public fireeducation programs.14
Fire Code EnforcementThis section is a report based on the compiled data of all Fire Code inspectionsconducted by the Milford Fire Marshal’s Office in the fiscal year 2016-17. The inspectionrecord data is based on the inspection requirements of Connecticut General Statute 29305. The Statute includes inspections required for both “new” construction and“existing” buildings. The chart below illustrates the 1033 “existing” buildinginspections that are required to be completed once per year, based on occupancy type.This number has increased from 984 in the 2015-16 year. This represents an increase incommercial building and development within our community.Institutional, 32 Factory / Industrial,18Educational, 32Storage, 32Assembly, 202Residential, 301Business, 267Mercantile, 149Total Existing Building Inspections by Occupancy TypeCGS 29-305 requires annual inspections for all Assembly, Institutional, andResidential occupancies. Mercantile, Business, and Storage occupancies are required tobe inspected on a three (3) year cycle. Factory/Industrial occupancies are required to beinspected on a four (4) year cycle. The records in this report have been adjusted toreflect the inspection cycle prescribed in the Statute. There are 1,985 existing buildingsrequiring inspection; 1033 of these buildings are required to be inspected each year to15
meet the cycled schedule. As a result of newly constructed buildings entering into thesystem, the total number of existing buildings requiring inspection increased to 1,985.The increase in occupancies requiring inspection continues to cause a further strain onthe office. The already understaffed office will continue to show a decline in inspectionproductivity if an increase in staffing is not realized.The Connecticut General Statutes also require the local fire marshal (or his/herdesignees) to conduct inspections for all “new” construction in all buildings, other thansingle- or two-family homes. This puts an additional strain on the local marshal’s office.The number of new construction inspections is dynamic and can fluctuate annually as aresult of a variety of factors. In the fiscal year 2015-16, the Milford Fire Marshal’s Officewas required to conduct 195 new construction inspections. This is an increase of 58inspections over the 137 conducted in 2014-15. Fiscal year 2016-17 produced 210 newconstruction inspections. Depending on the direction of the economy, we need toprepare for a potential increase in new construction demands.New Construction Inspections250200150New Construction1005002014-152015-162016-17New construction inspections are given priority over all other inspections;however, there is a much greater liability associated with the existing buildinginspections. The existing buildings are inherently less safe due to their outdatedbuilding construction and the common lack of fire protection systems. The majority offires we encounter in Milford occur in buildings built prior to 1990. Building and firecodes were relatively weak prior to 1990, and in many communities, the codes were notenforced very effectively. Since 1990, the building and fire codes have been based on astrict set of national codes, and as a result, much safer buildings have been constructed.This statement was supported in 2016-17, where only one fire was reported in a16
commercial building. This fire was accidentally caused by workers performing roofrepairs.In addition to fires in older buildings, most significant fire damage and civiliancasualty occurs in residential building fires. As a result, most fire marshals inConnecticut have turned a priority to the inspection of the multi-family residentialproperties in their communities. In Milford, there are 301 residential properties thatfall under the statutory requirements for annual fire code inspection. Each year, ouroffice makes effort to gain entry to these buildings to conduct the required inspections.Each year, a significant percentage of these properties go uninspected due to a lack ofavailable human resources. In 2016-17, our office was able to inspect only 22 of these(or 7%). This was a decline in inspection productivity of 2% in the last year.The need for full statutory compliance has become evident in recent years. Therehave been several cases across Connecticut that involved fire-related injuries, deaths,and/or property loss in multi-family residences. In each of these cases, themunicipalities have been ordered to make financial restitutions based on the lack ofrequired fire safety code inspections. The courts have ruled, in most cases, that a “lackof manpower” does not provide any governmental immunity from compliance with thestatute. Courts have interpreted this to be a ministerial duty rather than discretionary.Some cases have even involved charges of “recklessness” against local fire marshals fornot conducting the required inspections. Several links to pertinent court cases havebeen provided at the end of this report. It is my opinion that every effort must be madeto conduct these inspections, as required by law. The need for compliance is evident; toprotect both the fire department and the city from financial liability. More importantly,we have an ethical obligation to the citizens of Milford to ensure their safety.Once the newly hired Fire Inspectors have completed their state-mandatedcertification training, multi-family residential home inspections will be a priority for thisOffice. Further assessment of this safety concern will be made in upcoming months andyears.The following pages provide the fiscal year 2016-17 inspection records based on thevarious occupancy types and their inspection frequencies required by statute.17
Assembly Occupancy ssemblyInspectionsNOTCompleted63%Assembly occupancies include restaurants, bars, clubs, churches, and halls, etc. Ifalcohol is served at these occupancies, they will require a Liquor License from the StateLiquor Commission. There are 202 Assembly occupancies in Milford. Assemblyoccupancies are required to be inspected annually by Connecticut General Statute 29305.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 74 of the 202 required Assemblyinspections. This equates to 37% of the statutory requirement.The percentage of completed inspections increased 4% in the last year.250200150Required100Completed5002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1918
Business Occupancy sinessInspectionsNOTCompleted93%Business occupancies include offices, professional services, banks, clinics, beauty shops,etc. Educational facilities for students above twelfth grade are also Businessoccupancies, as are restaurants with less than 50 occupants. There are 801 Businessoccupancies in Milford. Business occupancies are required to be inspected once everythree years by Connecticut General Statute 29-305. This equates to 267 Businessoccupancies requiring inspection each year.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 19 of the 267 required Business Occupancyinspections. This equates to 7% of the statutory 5-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1919
Educational Occupancy ed47%EducationalInspectionsCompleted53%Educational occupancies include schools and buildings providing educational activitiesfor children in kindergarten through the twelfth grade. There are 32 Educationaloccupancies in Milford. All Educational occupancies are required to be inspectedannually by Connecticut General Statute 29-305.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 17 of the 32 required Educationalinspections. This equates to 53% of the statutory requirement.The percentage of completed inspections declined 24% in the last year.4030Required20Completed1002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1920
Institutional Occupancy tional occupancies include hospitals, nursing homes, detention centers, and daycare facilities. There are 32 Institutional occupancies in Milford. Institutionaloccupancies are required to be inspected annually by Connecticut General Statute 29305.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 20 of the 32 required InstitutionalOccupancy inspections. This equates to 62% of the statutory requirement.4030Required20Completed1002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1921
Mercantile Occupancy InspectionsMercantile2016-17 pleted90%Mercantile occupancies include occupancies whose primary function is the display andsale of goods. There are 447 Mercantile occupancies in Milford. Mercantileoccupancies are required to be inspected once every three years by Connecticut GeneralStatute 29-305. This equates to 149 Mercantile occupancies requiring inspection eachyear.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 15 of the 149 required Mercantileinspections. This equates to 10% of the statutory requirement.150100RequiredCompleted5002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1922
Residential Occupancy %ResidentialInspectionsNOTCompleted93%Residential occupancies include apartments, condominiums, hotels & motels, andresidential board and care facilities. There are 301 Residential occupancies in Milford.All Residential occupancies are required to be inspected annually by ConnecticutGeneral Statute 29-305.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 22 of the 301 required Residentialinspections. This equates to 7% of the statutory requirement.The percentage of completed inspections declined 2% in the last year.400300Required200Completed10002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1923
Storage Occupancy rageInspectionsNOTCompleted100%Storage occupancies include occupancies whose primary function is the storage ofgoods. Also included in Storage occupancies are motor vehicle repair facilities andfacilities employing paint spray booths. There are 97 Storage occupancies in Milford.Storage occupancies are required to be inspected once every three years by ConnecticutGeneral Statute 29-305. This equates to 32 Storage occupancies requiring inspectioneach year.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 0 of the 32 required Storage inspections.This equates to 0% of the statutory requirement.4030Required20Completed1002015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1924
Factory/Industrial dustrial occupancies include occupancies whose primary function isassembling, fabricating, and/or manufacturing operations. There are 73Factory/Industrial occupancies in Milford. Factory/Industrial occupancies are requiredto be inspected once every four years by Connecticut General Statute 29-305. Thisequates to 18 Factory/Industrial occupancies requiring inspection each year.In fiscal year 2016-17, our office completed 0 of the 18 required Factory/Industrialinspections. This equates to 0% of the statutory requirement.2015Required10Completed502015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-1925
2016-17 Inspections -17Inspections NOTCompleted84%In the fiscal year 2016-17, there were 1,033 inspections required to be conductedin accordance with Connecticut General Statute 29-305. Our office, consisting of onlyone Senior Fire Inspector was able to complete 167 of these inspections. This equates to16% of the statutory requirement.As stated, the Fire Marshal’s Office previously consisted of three (3) full-timecertified Fire Inspectors. Two (2) of the Inspectors resigned in November 2015 andJanuary 2016, respectively. Since January 2016, the office has been run with one (1)Inspector and the Fire Marshal. In addition to fire code inspection, each Inspector isrequired to perform several other public safety functions on a daily basis. Thesefunctions include, but are not limited to, fire prevention and safety education and fireorigin and cause investigation. Also included in the Inspector’s work are newconstruction inspections in all commercial and multi-family residential properties. Thenew construction inspection numbers vary annually; however, they continually add asignificant demand to each Inspector’s workload. Not included in this report, arerecords of all re-inspections conducted by the Inspectors when initial inspections fail.Commonly, there are violations found upon inspection that require one or more reinspections before compliance is met.26
Based on the data compiled and a thorough review of all the demands eachInspector is required to meet, the need for additional Inspectors is evident. Havingaccurately tabulated the number of inspections required annually, based on occupancytype, and reviewing the current extraneous demands on each Inspector, I haverequested additional certified Fire Inspectors for several years. Chief Douglas Edo wasable to successfully negotiate additional manpower in the 2016-17 union contractnegotiations. Beginning in July 2017, the Fire Marshal’s Office will consist of a DeputyFire Marshal, a Senior Fire Inspector, and two (2) Fire Inspectors. Once all thepositions have been filled, we will have four (4) full-time Fire Inspectors to work underthe Fire Marshal’s direction. The inspection demands and the number of buildinginspections completed will continue to be evaluated annually. We expect to see adramatic increase in the productivity of the 162016-172017-182018-19TOTAL INSPECTIONS COMPLETED BY YEAR27
New Construction InspectionsBy Inspection Type70605040633020100273014127724122015-16 New Construction InspectionsA total of 210 New Construction inspections were conducted by the Fire Marshal’sOffice in 2016-17, further categorized by inspection type. A full, detailed compilation of the inspection records involves several hundred pages.The detailed inspection records were omitted from this report but can easily be providedupon request.28
Fire Cause InvestigationThe members of the Fire Marshal’s Office conduct fire investigations todetermine the origin and cause of fires and explosions within the jurisdiction of Milford.The main objective of the fire cause investigation is to determine how a fire started inorder to prevent fires and fire-related losses in the future. The fire cause data that isdeveloped is used to create codes and regulations as well as public education programs.In fiscal year 2016-17, the Milford Fire Department responded to 86 fire-relatedcalls. This number of fire calls was 8% lower than the previous year. The chart belowillustrates the fire incidents based on fire type. The Fire Marshal's Office investigated 31of these fires.2016-17 Fire Incidentsby MonthStructureExterior/BrushVehicleFires without Extension655422211022000101 2100321 2103324 543325100111110029
Annual Trending of Fire IncidentsThe chart below is a year to year breakdown of fire incidents by type. This is the secondyear of analysis; therefore, we can begin to chart trends in fire incidents by frequencyand type. From 2015-16 to 2016-17, each category of fire type has declined. We saw thelargest decline in Vehicle Fires, with 25 incidents in 2015-16 reduced to 17 in 2016-17.The information gathered will be used to develop focused fire prevention programsaimed at target risks.Total Structure Fires declined from 10 to 9. Unfortunately, we saw an increase inExterior Fires. This number increased from 39 in 2015-16 to 40 in this past fiscal year.While Exterior Fires result in the lowest amount of dollar loss, they continue to be astrain on our ehicle FiresFires (withoutextension)Structure FiresExterior/Brush FiresAnnual Trending of Fire Incidents30
Total Fire Calls by Year14012010080Total Fire Calls60402002014-152015-162016-17The total number of fire-related calls has decreased by 26% over the previousthree (3) fiscal years. The only fire type to increase over this period was the previouslymentioned Exterior Fire increase in the current fiscal year. There are many factors thatlead to trending in the number of fire-related calls; however, we hope to continue toreduce fire-related loss through an aggressive public education and code inspectioncampaign. The addition of new Fire Inspectors should aid in this goal.31
2016/17 Fire IncidentsThe nine (9) structure fires in the fiscal year 2016-2017 are identified below in bold bydate and address. Estimated property loss is also provided for /1612/16/1612/20/1612/22/1612/22/16AddressFire Descriptio
Fire cause investigation is also conducted by the members of the Fire Marshal’s Office . The installation program ensures that smoke and carbon monoxide alarms are installed properly and in the right location in the home. By doing
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