Leak Sealing Solutions With Sika Injection Systems
WATERPROOFINGLEAK SEALING SOLUTIONSWITH SIKA INJECTION SYSTEMSFOR CONCRETE, MASONRY AND NATURAL STONE STRUCTURES
LEAK SEALING SOLUTIONSFor concrete, masonry and natural stone structuresLEAKING CONCRETE STRUCTURES BELOW GROUND such as basements and civil engineeringstructures, can have a greatly reduced service life due to steel corrosion and concrete damage, inaddition to any reduced functionality and use. In order to avoid the expensive costs of repairs to thestructure, or to water damaged interior finishing’s, furnishings or other goods, plus the costs of anyoperational downtime, these leaks can often be securely sealed and waterproofed by injection.Sika provides an extensive range of injection systems for all types of leak sealing applications inconcrete, masonry and natural stone structures. These can be used at any time, including during theinitial construction works, or later to extend the service life during any subsequent refurbishment,according to the specific project’s requirements. Sika injection systems can not only close, flexiblybridge, seal and make leaking structures watertight for the long term, some can also be used toincrease or restore structural integrity and load bearing capacity, thereby providing complete anddurable maintenance solutions.Sika's high performance injection materials are also fully compatible with Sika’s complete Engineered Waterproofing range and they can be used for the repair and sealing of cracks, voids, joints,hoses and compartment systems in many different structures. As a prerequisite, all of Sika’s injection products are also fully tested and conform to all of the relevant global standards.
SUCCESSFUL WATERPROOFINGWITH SIKA INJECTION SYSTEMSThere are three primary success factors involved in ensuring the effectiveness and durability of injection works. It is essentialthat the right combination of injection materials, injection equipment and injection method must be selected and this is whatSika’s extensive technical and practical experience provides:INJECTION MATERIALThe selection of the right injection material and indeed the rightspecific injection product for the defined project requirements isthe first key factor for success. This especially means the materials viscosity, flexibility and behaviour in contact with water thatcan all significantly influence the effectiveness of the injection.MaterialINJECTION EQUIPMENTAppropriate equipment for the selected injection material, including for the correct preparation, mixing and delivery of thematerial is the second key success factor. This means everythingfrom the initial dosage and mixing, through delivery from a suitable pump, to use of the right packers/ports/connectors.SuccessfulInjection withSika SolutionsEquipmentMethod/ApplicationINJECTION METHOD / APPLICATIONThirdly, the correct injection method and application techniquesmust be used by trained, competent and experienced contractors, in order to ensure the success and provide complete andpermanent leak sealing solutionsADDITIONAL ADVANTAGES OF SIKACOMPLETE SIKA SOLUTIONSSika is a ‘full range’ supplier, which means that Sika not onlyhas the full range of alternative injection technologies andmaterials, but we are also the world’s leading supplier of engineered waterproofing, concrete repair and protection solutions in order to prevent, or to seal and waterproof, any typesof leaks in your structure – from the ‘Basement to the Roof.’SIKA INJECTION SOLUTIONS TO GLOBAL STANDARDSSika’s injection solutions are tested and approved to theleading global standards to provide safe and reliable injectionsolutions.TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCESika provides advice and support from the design officethrough to completion of the injection and any associatedworks on site. This expert technical advice and practicalassistance is to help you ensure the selection and installationof the right injection materials, with the equipment and application methods etc.TRAININGWe understand that on many projects it will be preferable touse an experienced Specialist Contractor for injection works toseal any leaks that occur, whilst on others for different practical and logistic reasons, it will be better to train teams fromthe main contractor to do the work. This is why Sika providesunrivalled technical and practical training both on and off site,to help ensure that both the engineering staff and the siteoperatives fully understand the requirements and procedures– all supported with Sika’s detailed documentation includingMethod Statements and Quality Control checklists.LOCAL SIKA PRESENCEAll around the world there are experienced Sika professionalsto provide this technical support exactly where it is required,in your office or on site.WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS3
TYPICAL SOURCES OF LEAKSIN CONCRETE STRUCTURES146123Leaking CracksLeaking ConstructionJointsLeaking MovementJoints
52374567Leaking Areas ofVoids i.e.HoneycombingLeaking Areasi.e. at Wall TiesLeaking Compartment Leaking PenetrationsMembrane Systemi.e. Pipe Penetrations
INJECTION MATERIAL TECHNOLOGIES ANDSIKA INJECTION PRODUCTSPOLYURETHANE FOAM RESINSPolyurethane foaming resins are designed to expand with water to temporarily blockthe passage of water through the crack or void . Their fast expansive reaction with waterforms a tough and flexible / elastic foam. For permanent waterproofing, these polyurethane foaming resins are re-injected with a suitable non-foaming injection resin – usuallyalso based on polyurethane as below.POLYURETHANE RESINSPolyurethane resins are hydrophobic, flexible and used for the non-structural injectionsealing and waterproofing of voids, cracks and joints. Their low viscosity allows good penetration into the concrete structure to seal the leaks and achieve a durable elastic seal.Polyurethane resins seal with very good edge adhesion to concrete and their hydrophobiccharacteristics. In voids, cracks and joints with high wateringress, pre-injection as temporary waterstopping with a Polyurethane foaming resin asmentioned above is required.ACRYLATE RESINSAcrylate resins are hydrophilic, very flexible and used for non-structural injections ofcracks, joints and voids, including for injection hose systems, compartment systemsand area (e.g. Grid and Curtain) injection works. For application Acrylate resins have aextremely low viscosity (similar to water) and therefore have ideal penetration abilities.Their reaction (hardening) time is also adjustable, which allows flexibility in adaptationof the injection material to the prevailing conditions on site (e.g. temperature and injection distance etc.). Acrylate resin based materials seal and waterproof leaks through theirhydrophilic swelling behaviour in contact with water. The injection equipment is also easilycleaned with water.EPOXY RESINSEpoxy resins have relatively high tensile and compressive strengths in relation to concrete,they are generally regarded as ‘rigid’ materials and widely used for structural repairs byinjections of cracks and voids in load bearing reinforced concrete structures or elements.Their low viscosity allows excellent penetration into cracks in the structure and this alsohelps to ensure permanent and durable load transfer based on their excellent adhesion tothe concrete. Epoxy resin based materials are suitable for many different structural injection requirements and applications in dry and slightly damp.MICROFINE CEMENT SUSPENSIONMicrofine cement suspensions are non-flexible and therefore non-movement accommodating, rigid, polymer modified, injection materials (also often known as Microfine cementgrouts), which are based on blends microfine cements. They are now widely used for structural injection works to seal non-moving cracks, voids and daywork joints for example.Due to their polymer modification, these cement based materials can also have high flowcharacteristics and very good penetration ability.6WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS
Sika Injection-101 RCSika Injection-101 RC is a low viscosity,fast-foaming, solvent-free, water-reactivepolyurethane foaming resin based injectionproduct, which cures to a very dense andhard-elastic foam with a very fine cellularstructure. It has stable expansion with noshrinkage after curing. The free-foamingvolume expansion rate in contact with wa-ter is up to 40 times. The reaction time ofSika Injection-101 RC can be even furtheraccelerated with Sika Injection-AC10.Sika Injection-201 CESika Injection-201 CE is a very low viscosity, solvent-free non-foaming polyurethane resin based injection product, whichhardens in both dry and wet conditions. Incontact with water it will form an elasticand flexible compound and therefore thisalso helps to create a durable watertightpore structure within the concrete. Sika Injection-201 CE is tested and approved toEN 1504-5, and has an easy to use mixingration of 1:1 by volume. The hardening reaction can also be further accelerated withSika Injection-AC20.Sika Injection-304Sika Injection-304 is a ultra-low viscosity, elastic and very quick-settingpolyacrylic resin based injection gel. Thereaction time is adjustable between 40seconds and 4 minutes. Due to this fastreaction time, Sika Injection-304 is onlyinjected with a two component pumpand it is generally used for sealing andwaterproofing areas of damage or leakswith high water ingress, including underhydrostatic pressure.Sikadur -52 N/LPSikadur -52 is a rigid, solvent-free, lowviscosity, high strength structural, epoxyresin based injection product with mediumand long pot-life grades available. It isused to structurally bond and seal cracksover 0.3 mm in width. Sikadur -52 is alsotested and approved according to European Standard EN 1504-5.Sika Injection-458Sika Injection-458 is a rigid, solvent free,low viscosity, high strength, structural epoxy resin based injection material with anextended / long pot life. Very good bond toboth dry and damp structures. Approvedacc. to EN 1504-5. Shrinkage 3%.voids and interstices in concrete. cracks,voids and interstices in concrete.Sika Injection-107Sika Injection-107 is a ready-to-use1-component, polyurethane based, slightlyflexible, foaming injection resin for thepermanent watertight sealing of cracks,Sika Injection-307Sika Injection-307 is a 3-part polyacrylicelastic injection resin with a very low viscosity. Unique steel passivation propertiesprovide active corrosion protection. It canbe injected with either a 1- or 2-Component Injection pump and is mainly used asa re-injectable leak sealing resin systemfor SikaFuko hoses and around damagedmembrane / compartment systems. Thereaction time is adjustable between 10and 50 minutes.Sika Injection-310Sika Injection-310 is an easy-to-use1-component, powder based acrylate basedresin for permanent watertight sealings.Sika InjectoCem -190Sika InjectoCem -190 is a rigid, two component injection product, based on a blendof polymer modified microfine cementsIt is widely used for sealing, filling andstructural strengthening of wider cracksand into or around construction joints. Itis also used for the injection of SikaFuko Injection Hoses as a re-injectable system.WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS7
SELECTION OF SIKA INJECTIONMATERIALSPROBLEMREQUIREMENTSLeaking Cracks /PenetrationsDry and / or containingwateŕ́ Waterproofing cracks and around penetrations of width 0.2 mm with hydrostatic pressuré́ Waterproofing cracks and around penetrations of width 0.2 mm without hydrostatic pressure(dry, damp or wet surfaces)́́ Force transfer across dry cracks of width 0.3 mḿ́ Force transfer across dry cracks of width 0.1 mmLeaking Expansion Joints(movement) andConstruction /Daywork Joints(non-moving)́́ Waterproofing construction joints with and without hydrostatic pressureLeaking MembraneCompartment Systemś́ Waterproofing damaged and leaking sheet membrane compartment systemsLeaking Wall / KickerAreaś́ Grid injection(into the surface for lager areas e.g. Honeycombing or poorconcrete compaction etc.)́́ Waterproofing joints where the original joint sealing / waterproofing system is damaged or was not properly installed́́ Curtain injection(e.g. behind the structure or element to seal leaks due tomultiple tie bar holes or other multiple minor defects / leaks)8WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS
CRITERIASUITABLE SIKA INJECTION PRODUCTŚ́ Fast and stable foaming and expansion, for temporary sealing,plus very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanentsealing and waterproofing.́́ Sika Injection-101 RC (for temporary sealing) followed by:Sika Injection-201 CE (for permanent flexible sealing)Sika Injection-107 (for permanent flexible sealing)́́ Very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanentsealinǵ́ Sika Injection-201 CE /-107 (for permanent flexible sealing)́́ Low viscosity, rigid, excellent adhesion and full bond to thecrack substrate surfaces for structural bondinǵ́ Sikadur -52́́ Very low viscosity, rigid, excellent adhesion and full bond to thecrack substrate surfaces for structural bonding.́́ Sika Injection-458́́ Fast and stable foaming and expansion for temporary sealing,plus very low viscosity and long-term flexibility for permanentsealing and waterproofing.́́ Sika Injection-101 RC (optional for temporary sealing incase of hydrostatic pressure) followed by:Sika Injection-201 CE (for permanent flexible sealing)Sika Injection-107 (permanent flexible sealing)Pre-installed SikaFuko injection hose system in construction joints ́́ Sika Injection-307or as a back-up system on waterbars:(for permanent flexible sealing in steel concrete)́́ Very low viscosity, long term flexibility, long pot-life for optí́ Sika Injection-310 (for permanent flexible sealing)mum penetration, re-injectable for permanent sealinǵ́ Sika InjectoCem -190 (for use in dry areas only)Damaged expansion sections of waterbars:́́ Low viscosity, long term high flexibility, with adjustable reactiontimes for permanent sealing.́́ Sika Injection-307(for permanent flexible sealing) in steel concreté́ Sika Injection-304 (for permanent flexible sealing)́́ Low viscosity, tough-elastic, very easy to use, re-injectable forpermanent sealinǵ́ Sika Injection-310 (for permanent flexible sealing)́́ Low viscosity, void filling, rigid material for load transfer in both ́́ Sika InjectoCem -190 (dry area)(dry and damp areas)(optional, patch repairs with Sikadur -31 CF)́́ Very low viscosity, flexible, designed for permanent sealing(in wet areas)́́ Sika Injection-307 /-304(optional, patch repairs with Sikadur -31 CF)́́ Sika Injection-201 CE /-107(optional, patch repairs with Sikadur -31 CF)́́ Extremely low viscosity, highly flexible, adjustable reactiontime, designed for permanent sealinǵ́ Sika Injection-304WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS9
EQUIPMENT FOR SIKA INJECTIONMATERIALSINJECTION PUMP TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUCCESSFUL WATERPROOFINGThere are two different pump technologies available on the market today for resin and microfine cement injection, there are 1and 2-component pumps. The most widely used are the 1- or single component pumps, which have the key advantage of beingavailable for a much lower cost, and so the contractor’s investment is a fraction of what it would be for a 2- or two componentpump. The main reason that 2-component pumps are still used is that they are the best and in fact the only way to inject fastand very fast curing resins, because of their extremely short pot-life; plus they are best for injecting large volumes of material.SINGLE-COMPONENT PUMPS:The storage container of the pump is filled with the pre-mixedresin or microfine cement grout. The pot-life of this injectionmaterial starts after mixing and it is always necessary to apply the complete mixed volume within the relevant pot-life.There are hand, piston and diaphragm pumps available using1-component pump technologies and they are designed to accommodate and handle small or medium volumes of injectionmaterial.TWO-COMPONENT PUMPS:These have two storage containers and each container is filledseparately with a different component; with the componentsonly coming together when they are pumped through thestatic mixer. The pot-life therefore starts in the static mixerand so this kind of pump can be used for very fast reactingresin based materials.There are 2-component pumps designed specifically for each ofthe different resin technologies available, which is due to theirdiffering viscosity, mixing ratio and reaction time etc., as wellas for different types of applications. For fast-gelling acrylateor polyacrylate resins as they are also known, a separate rinsingpump is recommended to be used for cleaning the pump andstatic mixer.There are also 2-component piston pumps available which cansuccessfully inject medium to high volumes of 2-componentPU or epoxy resins, even against high hydrostatic pressure.Single-componentpumpPolyurethaneFoam ResinsSika Injection-101 RCSika Injection-107XPolyurethaneResinsSika Injection-201 CEXAcrylateResinsSika Injection-307/-310XSika Injection-30410XVacuum pumpColloidal MixerXXEpoxyResinsSikadur -52Sika Injection-458XMicrofineCementSika InjectoCem -190XWATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONSTwo-componentpump (Acrylate)XX
INJECTION EQUIPMENT FOR SUCCESSFUL WATERPOOFINGSINGLE COMPONENT PUMPS FOR POLYURETHANE (PU),POLYACRYLATE AND EPOXY RESINS, PLUS MICROFINECEMENT SUSPENSIONSSingle component pumps are the universal injection pumpsand suitable for a wide range of applications. They are ideal forprofessional crack sealing applications and for the injection ofSikaFuko hoses and membrane compartment systems.VACUUM PUMPING EQUIPMENT FOR RE-INJECTION OFSikaFuko INJECTION HOSE SYSTEMSVacuum pumping equipment is important for reinjection ofthe SikaFuko Injection hose systems. It is used for flushingand cleaning the SikaFuko hoses with water after injectionwith acrylate gel or microfine cement materials, to enable thesystem to be used for future re-injection if required.TWO-COMPONENT PUMPS FOR POLYACRYLATE GELSTwo component pumps are designed for curtain injectionbehind the structure, for high volumes, or using fast reactingpolyacrylate gel resins.MIXING EQUIPMENT FOR MICROFINE CEMENTSUSPENSIONSA colloidal mixer is needed for the complete and thoroughmixing of microfine cement suspensions such as the highperformance Sika InjectoCem -190.WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS11
SIKA ACCESSORIES FORSUCCESSFUL INJECTION WORKSSIKA INJECTION PACKERS FOR DIFFERENT APPLICATIONSSika Injection Packers or Ports as they are also known, are fixed into or onto the structure and are used as nozzles to connectthe injection pump to the structure and direct the material to fill the cracks or voids. Sika Connection Packers are used to connectembedded injection hoses or compartment systems.MECHANICAL PACKERSfor high and low pressure injectionwhere drilling holes is possible.SURFACE PACKERSfor low pressure injection, where drillingholes in the surface is not possible orbest avoided due to damage or the location of steel reinforcement etc.Type MPSFor Polyurethane, Epoxy and Acrylate resin injectionCONNECTION PACKERSSikaplan W Injection piecefor injection of membrane compartmentsType Sikaplan W Inj.For Acrylate injectionSikaFuko Packer tongfor Injection of SikaFuko Injection hosesystemType SPFor Epoxy injections – generally with patch r epairs.Type MPRFor Polyurethane, Epoxy and Acrylate resin injection.Type SikaFuko Packer tongFor Acrylate, Polyurethane, Epoxy and microfine cement injections.Type MPCFor Microfine cement injection.Packer on/QualityInjection PressureCrack and void injectionDrilling not possible(steel reinforcement)1 – 10 barSikaFuko injectionGood or Poor(drilling is possible!)Compartment injectionN/ACurtain injectionGood or Poor(drilling is possible!)Crack and void injectionMPSMPR1MPC²SurfaceConnectionSPSikaplan SikaFuko W Inj.Packer tongXXXXXXX10 – 200 barX3XX1) Recommended for high pressures and high flow rates; 2) Specially designed for injection with microfine cement: 3) Only with button head (non-return) fitting.12WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS
SIKA INJECTION EQUIPMENT / PUMP CLEANING SYSTEMSika Injection Cleaning System includes a full range of cleaning and conservation agents for the efficient and reliable use,storage and re-use of all types of injection pumps with the Sika Injection product ranges. All of the Sika Cleaning and Conserving products are produced free of CFC’s, FC and chlorine.Sika Injection Cleaner C1Sika Injection Cleaner C1 is a cleaningagent for cleaning injection pumps duringor directly after the injection. It removesuncured liquid epoxy and polyurethaneresin materials completely.Sika Injection Cleaner C2Sika Injection Cleaner C2 is a very strongcleaning agent for removing residues ofcured resins. It should only be used toremove cured resins during the repairand maintenance of the injection pumps.This Cleaner must not be used for rinsingthe injection pumps after use.Sika Injection ConservatorSika Injection Conservator cares forthe valves and seals of a pump after useand in storage, it should always be usedand is particularly useful when it is notknown when the next use of the pumpwill be, or when it is known that thepump will not be used for a long time.CLEANING RECOMMENDATIONS FOR Sika Injection AND SikaFix urethaneFoamsEpoxy ResinsSilicate ResinsAcrylate ResinsCement based ProductsSika InjectionCleaner C1Sika InjectionCleaner C1Sika InjectionCleaner C1Comp. A WaterWaterWaterComp. BSika InjectionCleaner C1FinalCleaningSika InjectionCleaner C1Sika InjectionCleaner C1Sika InjectionCleaner C1Sika InjectionCleaner C1Water standarddishwashingliquidWaterRemoval ofcured materialSika InjectionCleaner C2Sika InjectionCleaner C2Sika InjectionCleaner C2Sika InjectionCleaner C2Sika InjectionCleaner C2MechanicallyPreservationof pumpsSika InjectionConservatorSika InjectionConservatorSika InjectionConservatorSika InjectionConservatorSika InjectionConservatorSika InjectionConservatorWATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS13
THE CRACK INJECTION PROCESSCRACKS IN CONCRETE STRUCTURES can be caused as the result of excessive load or stress onthe structure by internal or external forces (e.g. ground movement). Leaking cracks need to beclosed and sealed to secure the watertightness and durability of the structure.SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONSd/2d/2d1. D rill holes for the packer alternatingat a 45 angle to the concrete surfaceas shown in the picture.Ø of drill hole Ø of packer 2 mm.2. Install the mechanical packers.Tighten the mechanical packers sothat they can withstand the maximum injection pressure.3. F ix the non-return valve on the firstpacker and start the injection process.4. W hen the injection material flows out of the second packer during the injection process, fix thenon-return valve on to this as quickly as possible.Stop injection at the first packer and continue atthe second packer.5. Repeat this procedure from packer to packer.6. If necessary, e.g. after injection of PU-foaming resins, a secondary injection procedure is carried out toensure the crack is completely filled and sealed withnon-foaming PU injection material.14GENERAL INFORMATIONTYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT́́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwardś́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injectioń́ For detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement forCrack Injection (Waterproofing)For Waterproofing:Sika Injection-101 RC (temporary) Sika Injection-201 CE (permanent)For Load Transfer:Sikadur -52WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS
JOINT INJECTION WITH SikaFuko INJECTION HOSE SYSTEMSikaFuko INJECTION HOSE SYSTEM is used on its own for construction joint sealing, or it isused as a back-up system in combination with waterbars. Installation is done during theconcreting phases of the project.SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS1 21. L ocate start and end of injection hose in the affectedconstruction joint e.g. injunction boxes.2. Connect the pump to theinjection hose system e.g.through Sika Packer tong.33. Begin injecting theSikaFuko hose until thematerial flows out of theopposite end.454. Close the opposite endand start injecting againuntil material is seepingout along the length of thejoint.5. When using re-injectablematerials, the SikaFuko hose can be flushed cleanwith water which is alsoremoved by vacuum. TheSikaFuko hose is thenready for future re-injectionif required.GENERAL INFORMATIONTYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT́́ SikaFuko Systems must be installed before concreting the construction joint́́ Documenting the location of the junction boxes and run of the hoses is important́́ For detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement for SikaFuko ́́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwardś́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injectionSika Injection-307 (steel concrete)Sika Injection-310WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS15
THE CURTAIN INJECTION PROCESSBASEMENTS CAN DEVELOP LEAKS over large sections of their whole area for many reasons includinginadequate concrete mix design, placing or compaction, in addition to ground movement and risingwater tables etc. These larger areas can be sealed by curtain injection behind the concrete structure.SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS1. Drill holes for the mechanical packersthrough the leaking building component at a spacing of 30 – 50 cm asshown in the picture.2. Install the mechanical packers.Tighten the mechanical packers sothat they can withstand the maximum injection pressures.3. Fix the button head (non-return)fittings on the first packer and startthe injection process at the lowestrow of drill holes.4. When the injection material flows out of the second packer during the injection process, fix the non-return valve onit as quickly as possible. Stop injection at the first packerand continue at the second packer.5. Continue the injection procedure from packer to packer.16GENERAL INFORMATIONTYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT́́ On vertical elements start injection from the bottom and work upwardś́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injectioń́ Detailed recording of the material flow in and out of each packer is important́́ Test injection is recommended to define the best spacing for the packersSika Injection-304 (high water ingress)WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS
THE MEMBRANE COMPARTMENTINJECTION PROCESSCOMPARTMENTALIZED MEMBRANE SYSTEMS ARE USED for securely waterproofing basementsso that in the event of any future leaking or damage to the membrane, any leaking compartmentcan easily be repaired and sealed by injection through flanges accessible from inside the structure.SEQUENCE OF APPLICATIONS1. Remove the face-plate from the junction box and exposethe Control Tube vent ends for the leaking compartment.Connect a Sikaplan W Injection Piece to one vent end.4. R epeat these procedures until all the vent ends of thiscompartment are injected and any water in the compartment is fully displaced and replaced by resin.2. Once a secure connection is made with the Sikaplan WInjection Piece, start the injection pump. The injectionprocess can be monitored through the remaining open ventends of the same compartment.5. When the compartment vent ends are all filled with uncured injection resin under pressure, stop the pump.3. Once the injection material is observed flowing out of anadjacent vent end, stop the pump (or close the valve onthe pump assembly). Plug the vent end releasing injectionmaterial with a Sikaplan W Injection Piece. Start pumpingagain through the same vent end that was being injectedprior to observing material being released.6. The cleaning process to leave the Control Tubes re-injectablemust begin before the injection material cures in the ControlTube vent ends.GENERAL INFORMATIONTYPICAL SIKA PRODUCT́́ It is important that the entire compartment be fully injected. Partially filledcompartments do not guarantee long term watertightnesś́ On vertical elements always start injection from the bottom and work upwardś́ Slow, low pressure injection is more effective than rapid, high pressure injectioń́ Very good documentation is important during installation of the membrane systeḿ́ For more detailed information please refer to the Sika Method Statement forMembrane Compartment injectionSika Injection-310 (easy to use)WATERPROOFINGINJECTION SOLUTIONS17
CASE STUDIESSURFACE SEALING A LEAKING SHAFTSEALING CRACKS IN A BASEMENTPROBLEMAn inadequate waterproofing system had been selected for aconcrete shaft standing in groundwater. Water was infiltratingthe shaft from several construction joints and damaging theelectrical installations.PROBLEMA basement garage built with waterbars, suffered settlement cracks in the structure after construction. Water wasinfiltrating because the garage was exposed to groundwaterunder hydrostatic pressure.Injection Material Requirements:́́ Very fast reactinǵ́ Able to form a new permanent watertight seaĺ́ Environmentally friendlyInjection Material RequirementsFirst phase:́́ Fast foaming injection resiń́ Reacting only in contact with waterSecond phase:́́ Low viscositý́ No shrinkage in subsequent dry conditionś́ Good adhesion to concreté́ Environmentally friendly and chemically resistantSIKA SOLUTIONCurtain injection with:́́ Fast reacting polyacrylate gel resin Sika Injection-304Injection Equipment:́́ Sika Injection Pump PN-2C and Sika Injection Packer MPRwith button head fittingsSIKA SOLUTIONCrack injection with:́́ Fast reacting polyurethane foaming resin Sika Injection-101 RCfor temporary waterstoppinǵ́ Elastic, non-foaming polyurethane resin Sika Injection-201 CEfor permanent waterproof sealingInjection Equipm
Sika Injection-101 RC can be even further accelerated with Sika Injection-AC10. Sika Injection-107 Sika Injection-107 is a ready-to-use 1-component, polyurethane based, slightly flexible, foaming injection resin for the permanent watertight sealing of cracks, voids and interstice
Índice 5 Manual de productos Sika Índice Alfabético Sika Estuka Acrílico M / Sika Estuka Acrílico F 392 Sika Estuka E 394 Sika Estuka I / Sika Estuka I-Base 396 Sika FerroGard -903 150 Sika Fiber 99 Sika Fiber CHO65/35 NB 98 Sika Fiber Xorex 100 SikaFix HH 331 SikaFix HH LV 328 Sikaflex -1a 289 Sikaflex -1c SL 264 Sikaflex -2c SL 266 Sikaflex -15 LM SL 268 .
(a) Sika FerroGard 903 Friazinc R. (b) Sika Top Armatec 108. (c) Sika Top Armatec 110 Epo Cern. MICROCONCRETE (a) Sika Rep Microcrete 1/2. (b) Sika Rep Microcrete 3 UW (c) Sika Rep Microcrete 4. REPAIR MORTAR / POLYMERS (a) Sika Top 77. (b) Sika Top 122. (c) Sika Top 122HS. POURABLE CEMENTITIOUS GROUTS (a) Sika
(f) Sikaflex 11 FC (f) Sika Topseal 107 (g) Sikaflex Pro 3 SL (g) Sika Topseal 109hi (h) Sikaflex 402 Airport (h) Sika 2 (j) Sika Emseal Joint Systems (j) Sika 4a (k) SikaSeal 106 Construction (k) Sika Swell P Profile (I) Sikaflex 118 Extreme Grab (I) Sika Fuko Swell 1 (m)
Sika Backer Rod Fire 22 Sika Boom -420 Fire 26 Sika Brandschutzplakette 27 Version 1 Ausgabe 04/2021 Sika Deutschland basierend auf EN 1366-3 und EN 1366-4 VORWORT INHALTSVERZEICHNIS. 5 SIKA LSUNGEN FÜR 4 BAULICHEN BRANDSCHUTZ SIKA BAULICHER BRANDSCHUTZ TECHNISCHES HANDBUCH
Sika Greenstreak PVC welding equipment and techniques can be used for Westec TPE-R and PE waterstops, requiring only a higher temperature set at 210 C (410 F). . All sales of Sika products are subject to Sika’s current Terms and Conditions of Sale available at usa.sika.com or by calling 800-325-9504. Prior to each use of any Sika .
the tank itself, API standards prescribe provisions for leak prevention, leak detection, and leak containment. It is useful to distinguish between leak prevention, leak detection and leak containment to better understand the changes that have occurred in tank standards over the years. In simple terms, leak prevention is any process that is designed to deter a leak from occurring in the first .
LIST OF FIGURES . Number Page . 1.1 Subsea Development USA Gulf of Mexico 5 1.2(a) Liquid Only Leak 6 1.2(b) Gas Only Leak 6 2.1 Categorization of Leak Detection Technology Used 10 in this Study 2.1.1 Leak Detection by Acoustic Emission Method 12 2.1.2 Leak Detection by Sensor Tubes 14 2.1.3 Leak Detection by Fiber Optical Sensing 17 2.1.4 Leak Detection by Soil Monitoring 19
Introduction to Phonetics for Students of English, French, German and Spanish This Introduction to Phonetics was originally a booklet produced in the School of Modern Languages at the University of Southampton, to serve as a background and further reading text for the Articulatory Phonetics component of our first-year Linguistics unit. It focuses on the structure and linguistic function of .
