Teachers’ Guide Grade 12 - Nie.lk

Information and CommunicationTechnologyTeachers’ GuideGrade 12(Effective from 2017)Department of Information TechnologyNational Institute of EducationMaharagamaSri Lankawww.nie.lk

Information and Communication TechnologyGrade 12 – Teacher’s Guide National Institute of EducationFirst print 2017ISBN:Department of Information TechnologyFaculty of Science and TechnologyNational Institute of EducationMaharagamawww.nie.lkPrinted by

CONTENTSPage No1.0 Message from the Director Generalii2.0 Message from the Deputy Director Generaliii3.0iv-vCurriculum Committee4.0 Introductionvi5.0 Common National Goalsvii6.0 Basic Competenciesviii-x7.0 Objectives of the Subjectxi8.0 Proposed number of periods for each unitsxii9.0 Syllabus1 – 2710.0 Learning Teaching process28 -19111.0 School Policies and Programs19212.0 Assessment and Evaluation193i

Message from the Director GeneralWith the primary objective of realizing the National Educational Goals recommended bythe National Education Commission, the then prevalent content based curriculum wasmodernized, and the first phase of the new competency based curriculum was introducedto the eight year curriculum cycle of the primary and secondary education in Sri Lanka inthe year 2007The second phase of the curriculum cycle thus initiated was introduced to the educationsystem in the year 2015 as a result of a curriculum rationalization process based onresearch findings and various proposals made by stake holders.Within this rationalization process the concepts of vertical and horizontal integration havebeen employed in order to build up competencies of students, from foundation level tohigher levels, and to avoid repetition of subject content in various subjects respectivelyand furthermore, to develop a curriculum that is implementable and student friendly.The new Teachers’ Guides have been introduced with the aim of providing the teacherswith necessary guidance for planning lessons, engaging students effectively in thelearning teaching process, and to make Teachers’ Guides will help teachers to be moreeffective within the classroom. Further, the present Teachers’ Guides have given thenecessary freedom for the teachers to select quality inputs and activities in order toimprove student competencies. Since the Teachers’ Guides do not place greateremphasis on the subject content prescribed for the relevant grades, it is very muchnecessary to use these guides along with the text books compiled by the EducationalPublications Department if, Guides are to be made more effective.The primary objective of this rationalized new curriculum, the new Teachers’ Guides, andthe new prescribed texts is to transform the student population into a human resourcereplete with the skills and competencies required for the world of work, through embarkingupon a pattern of education which is more student centered and activity based.I wish to make use of this opportunity to thank and express my appreciation to themembers of the Council and the Academic Affairs Board of the NIE the resource personswho contributed to the compiling of these Teachers’ Guides and other parties for theirdedication in this matter.Dr. (Mrs.) Jayanthi GunasekaraDirector GeneralNational Institute of Educationii

Message from the Deputy Director GeneralEducation from the past has been constantly changing and forging forward. In recentyears, these changes have become quite rapid. The Past two decades have witnessed ahigh surge in teaching methodologies as well as in the use of technological tools and inthe field of knowledge creation.Accordingly, the National Institute of Education is in the process of taking appropriate andtimely steps with regard to the education reforms of 2015.It is with immense pleasure that this Teachers’ Guide where the new curriculum has beenplanned based on a thorough study of the changes that have taken place in the globalcontext adopted in terms of local needs based on a student-centered learning-teachingapproach, is presented to you teachers who serve as the pilots of the schools system.An instructional manual of this nature is provided to you with the confidence that, you willbe able to make a greater contribution using this.There is no doubt whatsoever that this Teachers’ Guide will provide substantial support inthe classroom teaching-learning process at the same time. Furthermore the teacher willhave a better control of the classroom with a constructive approach in selecting modernresource materials and following the guide lines given in this book.I trust that through the careful study of this Teachers Guide provided to you, you will actwith commitment in the generation of a greatly creative set of students capable of helpingSri Lanka move socially as well as economically forward.This Teachers’ Guide is the outcome of the expertise and unflagging commitment of ateam of subject teachers and academics in the field Education.While expressing my sincere appreciation for this task performed for the development ofthe education system, my heartfelt thanks go to all of you who contributed your knowledgeand skills in making this document such a landmark in the field.M.F.S.P. JayawardhanaDeputy Director GeneralFaculty of Science and Technologyiii

04. Curriculum CommitteeGuidance and ApprovalAcademic Affairs Board National Instituteof EducationSubject CoordinatorMr. S. ShanmugalingamSenior LecturerNational Institute of EducationResource ContributionsMr. D. Anura Jayalal(M.Sc., PG in Ins Design, PGDE, B.Sc.)Director, Department of ITNational Institute of EducationMr. S. Shanmugalingam (M.Sc., PGDE)Senior LecturerDepartment of Information TechnologyNational Institute of EducationDr. Damith D Karunarathna (Ph.D.)Senior Lecturer (UCSC)University of Colombo.Dr. Gamini Wijerathna (Ph.D.)Dean, Faculty of Computing TechnologyUniversity of KalaniyaDr. H.K.T.K.Wijayasiriwardhane(Ph.D.)Senior Lecturer,University of KelaniyaDr.K.Thabotharan (Ph.D.)Senior Lecturer,University of JaffnaDr.P.M.T.B.Sandirigama (Ph.D.)Senior Lecturer, University of PeradeniyaDr.H.L.Premarathe (Ph.D.)Senior Lecturer, (UCSC)University of ColomboMs.H.P.Rukmalee (B.Sc.)Assistant Director of Education,Ministry of Education.Ms. N.D.Ishani Nirmali (M.Sc.)Teacher, Anula VidyalayaMr. J.A.A.C.Jayakody (MIT)Teacher.KG/Mw Parakrama MV,Rambukkana.Ms. A.P.N.De Silva (B.Sc.)Teacher.Almeda M.V., Akuressaiv

Ms. B.A.N.D.Samarasinghe (B.Ed.)Teacher.Royal College,Colombo 7.Mr. S.Maurathasan (MIT)Teacher.Jaffna Hindu College,Jaffna.Mr. S.Thanenthran (MIT)Teacher.KN/Vaddakachchi C.C.,Vaddakachchi.v

5.0 IntroductionInformation and Communication Technology has been identified worldwide as a tool thatcan be used to improve productivity, efficiency and effectiveness of organizational workand the daily activities of individuals. Therefore, providing an adequate level of ICTknowledge and skills, at different levels of education, is important for the students toprogress and contribute towards national development.The current Sri Lankan Secondary Education System has been substantially exposed toICT through various programs including CAL, ICT for GCE (O/L), GIT at grade 12 and ICTas a component in A/L Technology stream.Consequently, students have shown agrowing interest in ICT education and some have, in fact, performed excellently atinternational competitions in ICT, proving their high level of competence.ICT as a main subject for GCE (A/L) was introduced in 2007. The syllabus was revisited in2013. According to the syllabus revising policy the syllabus was revised in 2017. GCE(O/L) qualified students who are interested in developing their career path in ICT, have theopportunity of learning it at the GCE (A/L). ICT as a subject for A/L would set a nationalstandard in ICT education at school level and provide the path to higher education attertiary level. Furthermore, students who fail to earn a placement in a university would bein possession of a substantial foundation to build up their academic and professionalcareers.The ICT syllabus at GCE (A/L) communicates core concepts of ICT covering boththeoretical and practical usage of ICT. This will also strengthen student’s awareness of thenew trends and future directions of ICT. Also this subject will provide an added advantageto students by improving their soft skills, thereby enabling them to best fit into workingenvironments.vi

6.0 National Goals1.Based on the concept of respecting human values and understanding thedifferences between the Sri Lankan multi-cultural society, building up the nationand confirming the identity of Sri Lanka by promoting national integrity, nationalunity, national coherence and peace2.While responding to the challenges of the dynamic world, identifying andconserving the National heritage.3.Creating an environment which comprises of the conventions of social justiceand the democratic life to promote the characteristics of respecting the humanrights, being aware of the responsibilities, concerning each other withaffectionate relationships.4.Promoting a sustainable life style based on the people’s mental and physicalwell-being and the concept of human values5.Promoting the positive feelings needed for balanced personality with thequalities of creative skills, initiative, critical thinking and being responsible6.Through education, developing the human resources, needed for the progressof the well-being of an individual, the nation as well as the economic growth ofSri Lanka.7.Preparing the people for the changes that occur in a rapidly changing world byadapting to it and controlling them; developing abilities and potentialities ofpeople to face the complex and unexpected occasions.8.Sustaining the skills and attitudes based on justice, equality, mutual respectwhich is essential to achieve a respectable place in the internationalcommunity.National Education Commission Report (2003).vii

7.0 Basic CompetenciesThe competencies promoted through the education mentioned belowmight help to achieve the above mentioned National Goals.1.Competencies in CommunicationThis first set of competencies is made up of four subsets - Literacy,Numeracy, Graphics and information communication skills:Literacy:Carefully listening, speaking clearly, and Reading forcomprehension, writing clearly and accurately.Numeracy: Using numbers to count, calculate, code and to measure,matter, space and timeGraphics:Making sense of line and form, expressing and recordingessential data, instructions and ideas with line, form, colour,two and three-dimensional configurations, graphic symbols andiconsICT Competencies:Knowledge on computers, and the ability to use the informationcommunication skills learning or work as well as in the privatelife2.Competencies relating to the Personality Development Generic skills such as creativity, divergent thinking, initiative,decision making, problem-solving, critical and analyticalthinking, team work, inter-personal relationships, discoveringand exploring Values such as integrity, tolerance and respect for humandignity 3.CognitionCompetencies relating to the EnvironmentThis is the second set of competencies related to the Social, Biological andPhysical Environments.Social Environment:Awareness, sensitivity and skills linked to being amember of society, social relationship, personalconduct, general and legal conventions, rights,responsibilities, duties and obligations.viii