Structures And Materials: Supplemental Space Shuttle Tire .

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useumin aBOXSerieswww.nasa.govstructures and materialsSupplemental Space Shuttle Tire Lessons

MUSEUM IN A BOXSupplemental Space Shuttle Tire Math Activity 1Spare Parts for the Space ShuttleGRADESK–12BackgroundNASA’s Space Shuttle has six tires used for landing. The four main landing gear tires are mounted in pairs on the rear wheelassemblies. These wheel assemblies are attached to the two main landing struts at the rear of the Shuttle. Each of the four mainlanding gear tires is used for one flight. The front two tires, again mounted as a pair, are attached to the nose landing gear strutand are used for two Shuttle landings. The four rear main landing gear tires hit the ground first, which causes them to wear outsooner. Because the main tires are on the ground longer than the front landing gear tires and because they take the brunt ofthe mass and force of the Space Shuttle landing (the Shuttle lands at speeds of up to 250 miles per hour [mph]), main and fronttires have different needs. While both types of tires have very little tread to reduce the mass of the tires, these tires are also different sizes, since a larger tire is not needed in the front of the Shuttle.This is similar to tire-size-ratio needs for other aircraft as well.(photo from http://www.nasaimages.org)(photo from le/shuttle-diagram-1.htm)Shuttle Tire FactsSurprisingly, a Space Shuttle tire is not much larger than a truck tire, but a main landing gear tire can carry three times theload of a Boeing 747 tire or the entire starting lineup of a NASCAR race—40 race cars—all hitting the pavement at up to250 miles per hour. Four main landing gear tires: 44.5 16.0-21, 34 ply, rated at 263 mph. Two nose landing gear tires: 32 8.8, 20 ply, rated at 250 mph. Space Shuttle tires are filled with nitrogen (as are most aircraft tires) due to its stability at different altitudes andtemperatures. Due to extremely heavy loads, these bias ply tires are inflated to 340 pounds per square inch (psi)for the main landing gear and 300 psi for the nose landing gear.structuresand materials2

(54.4 degrees Celsius) on landing in a matter of minutes. Weight: Since weight is of extreme importance, the tires are made with a minimum amount of tread to conserveweight, allowing for larger payloads. A few pounds may not seem to make much difference, but when you add upall of the ways to decrease weight throughout the Shuttle, it can have a significant impact.Size/Dimension44.5 16.0-21 (main landing gear)Outside Diameter44.9 inchesSection Width16 inchesWheel Rim Diameter21 inchesApproximate Weight205 pounds (on Earth)Max. Inflation Pressure 340 psiMax. Operation Load142,000 pounds (on Earth)Max. Speed259 mphLoad Per Pound of Tire 695 poundsMUSEUM IN A BOX Shuttle tires go from in excess of –40 degrees Fahrenheit (–40 degrees Celsius) in space to 130 degrees FahrenheitWhile most of us have focused on watching the Space Shuttle launch and land, a group of scientists and engineers have beenresponsible for determining how many spare parts had to be available to keep Shuttle missions running smoothly. In all, theyhad to think about 250,000 repairable and nonrepairable parts. This included making sure there were enough tires for eachShuttle flight.Logistics engineers Seth Berkowitz, Randy Greeson, and Marcia Groh-Hammond at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center explaina bit about their jobs:There are certain things in life that we take for granted. For instance, we never give much thought to it, but we keep sparesof basic household products. Most households contain spare paper towels, toilet paper, soap, shampoo, etc. How manyand what types of items we buy to support our house is usually automatically calculated in our heads while going throughthe supermarket. We consider how often we consume an item, and how much it costs. Generally, the more expensive theitem is the

Shuttle Tire Facts. Surprisingly, a Space Shuttle tire is not much larger than a truck tire, but a main landing gear tire can carry three times the load of a Boeing 747 tire or the entire starting lineup of a NASCAR race—40 race c

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