Charging Stations For Electric Cars At State Parks In And .

Charging Stations for Electric Carsat State Parks in and near VirginiaL. David Roper, roperld@vt.eduThe number of electric cars (Battery-Electric-Vehicles, BEVs, and Plug-in-Hybrid-Electric-Vehicles, PHEVs) onU.S. highways is growing exponentially. Therefore, although they are currently small in numbers, they willincrease rapidly due to the nature of the exponential function. This is needed to reduce carbon-dioxideemissions that cause global warming and because U.S. extraction of crude oil, the material out of whichgasoline is made, is peaking.To help increase the number of electric cars on U.S. highways, charging stations need to be added quickly onthose highways. State and national parks are places that should have charging stations.The author recently noticed that the nineteen (19) West Virginia state parks have three 3 level-1 standard 120volts, nine 10 level-2 (240-volts SAE J1772) and 14 Tesla Wall Connector (240 volts) charging stations. Thatmade the author curious about how many charging stations are at the state parks of his home state of Virginiaand Virginia’s three other boundary states, North Carolina, Tennessee and Maryland.The state parks’ lists are found by Google searches “ state name state parks” and the charging stations for astate park are found using Plugshare.com to type in the state-park name.Below are tables of the number of charging stations at those five states’ state parks:State Parks’ Charging StationsNameFairfax Stone, ElginPipestem Resort, PipestemBabcock,ClifftopBlackwater Falls, DavisHawks Nest,AnstedWatoga, MarlintonNorth Bend, CairoLost River, MathiasBluestone, HintonCass Scenic Railroad, CassBeartown, HillsboroLittle Beaver, BeaverTygart Lake, GraftonTwin Falls Resort, MullinsMoncove Lake, Gap MillsChief Logan, LoganBeech Fork, BarboursvilleAudra, BuckhannonStonewall Resort State Park, RoanokeCacapon Resort, Berkeley SpringsWest Virginia240-voltsSAE J177203011000000011000012240-voltsTesla WC00033000000003000023120volts03000000000000000000

-offer-charging-stations/State Parks’ Charging StationsVirginiaNameClaytor Lake, DublinDouthat, MillboroFairy Stone, StuartHungry Mother, MarionPocahontas, ChesterfieldNew River Trail, Max MeadowsShenandoah River, BentonvilleLake Anna, SpotsylvaniaFirst Landing, Virginia BeachSmith Mountain Lake, HuddlestonOcconeechee, ClarksvilleSky Meadows, DelaplaneJames River, GladstoneGrayson Highlands, Moujth of WilsonLeesylvania, WoodbridgeHigh Bridge Trail, FarmvilleHoliday Lake, AppomattoxBear Creek Lake, CumberlandChippokes Plantation, SurryTotal240-voltsSAE J177200000000000000000000240-voltsTesla 0

State Parks Charging StationsNameHanging Rock, DanburyStone Mountain, Roaring GapMorrow Mountain, AlbemarleNew River, Laurel SpringsRaven Rock, LillingtonKerr Lake, HendersonCarolina Beach, Carolina BeachCrowders Mountain, Kings MountainPilot Mountain, PinnacleCliffs of the Neuse, Seven SpringsGorges, SapphireChimney Rock, Chimney RockLake James, NeboSouth Mountains, Connelly SpringsLake Norman, TroutmanLumber River, OrrumMerchants Millpond, GatesvilleMount Mitchell, BurnsvilleGrandfather Mountain, Banner ElkHaw River, Browns SummitTotalNorth Carolina240-voltsSAE J1772000000000000000000000240-voltsTesla 000

State Parks Charging StationsMarylandNamePatapsco Valley, Ellicott CityCunningham Falls, ThurmontElk Neck, North EaseGreenbrier, BoonsboroSusquehanna, Havre De GraceRocks, JarrettsvilleAssateague, BerlinTuckahoe, Queen AnneSouth Mountain, BoonsboroChapel Point, Port TobaccoSandy Point, AnnapolisCalvert Cliffs, LusbyNorth Point, EdgemereGunpowder Falls, Middle RiverWashington Monument, MiddletownSmallwood, MarburyRocky Gap, FlintstoneMartinak, DentonDeep Creek Lake, SwantonTotal240-voltsSAE J177202*000000000000001**003240-voltsTesla WC00000000000000002**002*at adjacent Cactocin Mountain Park**at adjacent Rocky Gap Casino120-volts00000000000000000000

State Parks Charging StationsTennesseeNameBledsoe Creek, GallatinFall Creek Falls, SpencerRock Island, Rock IslandNorris Dam, Rock TopCumberland Mountain, CrossvilleMontgomery Bell, BurnsPickwick Landing, CouncePanther Creek, MorristownHenry Horton, Chapel HillDavid Crockett, LawrenceburgHarrison Bay, HarrisonFrozen Head, WartburgNatchez Trace, WildersvilleBicentennial Capitol Mall, NashvilleOld Stone Fort, ManchesterParis Landing, BuchananRoan Mountain, Roan MountainBig Ridge, MaynardvilleEdgar Evins, Silver PointMathan Bedford Forrest, EvaRadnor Lake, Oak HillTotal240-voltsSAE J177202002*2*2*000000202*00002*14240-voltsTesla 1002NEMA14-501000000000000000001002*not shown in Plugshare.comVirginia, North Carolina, and Maryland need to follow West-Virginia’s and Tennessee’s examplesand install charging stations for electric cars at their state parks.

Charging Stations Level-1 is a standard 120-volts AC outlet that any electric car can use to charge.Level-2 is a 240-volts AC SAE J1772 outlet that any electric car can use to charge. Tesla carsrequire an adapter to charge at level-2 stations.Tesla Wall Connector is a 240 volts AC outlet designed solely for use by Tesla cars. However,a device called JDapter Stub can be used by all electric cars to charge at version-I Tesla WallConnectors.NEMA 14-50 is a 240-volts AC outlet that Tesla cars can use by means of an adapter andmost other electric cars can use if the portable EVSE that comes with the car is upgraded to240-volts and an adapter is used. Campgrounds, such as KOA, have the NEMA 14-50 outlet.Level-3 is a 480-volts DC fast-charging outlet that some electric cars can use to charge.There are two protocols: CHAdeMO for Asian cars and CCS for European and U.S. cars. Teslacars can use CHAdeMO by means of an adapter.Tesla Supercharger provides DC high-power (120-kW) to charge only Tesla cars.Locations of charging stations can be seen at Plugshare.com.Buying Tesla Wall Connector for your destination property? Contactdestinationcharging@tesla.com for help with attracting Tesla owners to your business.Maps of State Parks

Virginia State Parks

North Carolina State Parks

240-volts and an adapter is used. Campgrounds, such as KOA, have the NEMA 14-50 outlet. Level-3 is a 480-volts DC fast-charging outlet that some electric cars can use to charge. There are two protocols: CHAdeMO for Asian cars and CCS for Europea