Theories Of European Integration - Kai Arzheimer
Theories of European IntegrationEU Integration after Lisbon
IntroTheoriesSummaryBefore we begin . . .IIJHA Council last Thursday/FridayHarmonised rules onIIthe law applicable todivorce and legal separation of bi-national couplesIWill apply from mid-2012 in 14 member statesIHow?EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (1/18)
IntroTheoriesSummaryBefore we begin . . .IIJHA Council last Thursday/FridayHarmonised rules onIIthe law applicable todivorce and legal separation of bi-national couplesIWill apply from mid-2012 in 14 member statesIHow?First “enhanced co-operation” in the history of the EUIIIIIAmsterdam – Nice – LisbonCo-operation between at least 9 member states in area ofnon-exclusive EU competence“Last resort” – only co-operating states vote in CouncilMust not hurt Union/interest of other statesEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (1/18)
tergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismSummary
IntroTheoriesSummaryFive main contendersCore theories of European Integration1. Federalism2. Functionalism3. Neo-functionalism4. Intergovernmentalism5. Liberal IntergovernmentalismEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (1/18)
IntroTheoriesSummaryIntegration theory – what is it good for?What is a theory, and what is it purpose?ToToTodescribeexplainpredicta phenomenona phenomenona phenomenonEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (2/18)
IntroTheoriesSummaryIntegration theory – what is it good for?What is a theory, and what is it purpose?ToToTodescribeexplainpredicta phenomenona phenomenona phenomenonSo we want to describe/explain/predict:EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (2/18)
IntroTheoriesSummaryIntegration theory – what is it good for?What is a theory, and what is it purpose?ToToTodescribeexplainpredicta phenomenona phenomenona phenomenonSo we want to describe/explain/predict:Ithe speed and direction of European integration overallIthe speed and direction of individual policiesIthe failure to establish certain policiesIwhy progress occurred at certain times and not othersEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (2/18)
IntroTheoriesSummaryIntegration theory – what is it good for?What is a theory, and what is it purpose?ToToTodescribeexplainpredicta phenomenona phenomenona phenomenonSo we want to describe/explain/predict:Ithe speed and direction of European integration overallIthe speed and direction of individual policiesIthe failure to establish certain policiesIwhy progress occurred at certain times and not othersDescription, explanation, prediction vs normative theoriesEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (2/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismSpinelli and European FederalismISpinelli 1907-86, imprisoned in 1927IFederalism supported in (left-wing) resistanceEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (3/18)The Ventotene Manifesto, 1941
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismSpinelli and European FederalismISpinelli 1907-86, imprisoned in 1927IFederalism supported in (left-wing) resistanceISpinelli/Rossi: constitutional break and federalconstitution for EuropeEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (3/18)The Ventotene Manifesto, 1941
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismSpinelli and European FederalismISpinelli 1907-86, imprisoned in 1927IFederalism supported in (left-wing) resistanceISpinelli/Rossi: constitutional break and federalconstitution for EuropeIImpact on post-war European FederalistMovement (Hague Congress 1948)IBut national political elites already restoredEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (3/18)The Ventotene Manifesto, 1941
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismSpinelli and European FederalismISpinelli 1907-86, imprisoned in 1927IFederalism supported in (left-wing) resistanceISpinelli/Rossi: constitutional break and federalconstitution for EuropeIImpact on post-war European FederalistMovement (Hague Congress 1948)IBut national political elites already restoredSpinelliIIIIInvolved in (failed) EDCMember of EC 1970-76MEP 1979-EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (3/18)The Ventotene Manifesto, 1941
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMitrany and FunctionalismIBorn in Romania, became UK citizenIDeveloped his ideas in the 1930sINot a theorist of European Integration, scepticalof European federalismEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (4/18)“A Working PeaceSystem”, 1943
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMitrany and FunctionalismIBorn in Romania, became UK citizenIDeveloped his ideas in the 1930sINot a theorist of European Integration, scepticalof European federalismOpposedIIIWorld government not good for freedomRegional integration potential super-statesEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (4/18)“A Working PeaceSystem”, 1943
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMitrany and FunctionalismIBorn in Romania, became UK citizenIDeveloped his ideas in the 1930sINot a theorist of European Integration, scepticalof European federalismOpposedIIIIWorld government not good for freedomRegional integration potential super-statesProposal: transfer functional tasks fromgovernments to international agenciesEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (4/18)“A Working PeaceSystem”, 1943
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMitrany and FunctionalismIBorn in Romania, became UK citizenIDeveloped his ideas in the 1930sINot a theorist of European Integration, scepticalof European federalismOpposedIIIWorld government not good for freedomRegional integration potential super-statesIProposal: transfer functional tasks fromgovernments to international agenciesIInfluenced later advocates of integrationEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (4/18)“A Working PeaceSystem”, 1943
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMonnet and Functional FederalismIJean Monnet, 1888-1979IIFrench businessman, civil servant, and politicianAuthor of the Schuman Plan ECSCEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (5/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMonnet and Functional FederalismIJean Monnet, 1888-1979IIIFrench businessman, civil servant, and politicianAuthor of the Schuman Plan ECSCFunctional aimsIIIA European scale economyControl over GermanySupplies for French industryEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (5/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMonnet and Functional FederalismIJean Monnet, 1888-1979IIIFunctional aimsIIIIFrench businessman, civil servant, and politicianAuthor of the Schuman Plan ECSCA European scale economyControl over GermanySupplies for French industryPolitical aimsII“We do not build coalitions of states”“Western Europe unite peoples”EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (5/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismMonnet and Functional FederalismIJean Monnet, 1888-1979IIIFunctional aimsIIIIA European scale economyControl over GermanySupplies for French industryPolitical aimsIIIFrench businessman, civil servant, and politicianAuthor of the Schuman Plan ECSC“We do not build coalitions of states”“Western Europe unite peoples”European unification as the end-point offunctional co-operationEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (5/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismIntegration Theory in the 50s/60sIDominant theory in IR: RealismIStates focus on power politics/sovereignty no room forintegrationIIntegration slows down crises in th 50s/60s doubts overFunctionalism/FederalismUS scholars interested in EC two main perspectivesIIINeo-Functionalism (Haas)Intergovernmentalism (Feldman)EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (6/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHaas and Neo-FunctionalismIErnst B. Haas, 1924-2003IMany contributions to IR/European IntegrationMain assumptionsIIIIIState not unified actorsInterest groups lobby national governments andbecome international actorsInitial sectoral integration will “spill over”beyond states’s control Integration eventually undermines sovereigntyEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (7/18)“TheUnitingof Europe:Thepolitical, Social andEconomicForces”,1968
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHaas and Neo-FunctionalismIErnst B. Haas, 1924-2003IMany contributions to IR/European IntegrationMain assumptionsIIIIIIState not unified actorsInterest groups lobby national governments andbecome international actorsInitial sectoral integration will “spill over”beyond states’s control Integration eventually undermines sovereigntyHeavily influenced by early EC devlopmentsEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (7/18)“TheUnitingof Europe:Thepolitical, Social andEconomicForces”,1968
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHaas and Neo-FunctionalismIErnst B. Haas, 1924-2003IMany contributions to IR/European IntegrationMain assumptionsIIIIIState not unified actorsInterest groups lobby national governments andbecome international actorsInitial sectoral integration will “spill over”beyond states’s control Integration eventually undermines sovereigntyIHeavily influenced by early EC devlopmentsIFor a time, the “official theory” of EuropeanIntegrationEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (7/18)“TheUnitingof Europe:Thepolitical, Social andEconomicForces”,1968
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismVarious types of “spillover”1. Functional spilloverIIINot possible to contain integration in single sector(Complete) integration of one sector will require integration ofother sectorsExample: transportEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (8/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismVarious types of “spillover”1. Functional spilloverIIINot possible to contain integration in single sector(Complete) integration of one sector will require integration ofother sectorsExample: transport2. Political spilloverIIIEconomic integration generates new political problemsInterest groups will lobby governments for efficient solutionsGovernments will recognise benefits and will give up (parts of)sovereigntyEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (8/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismVarious types of “spillover”1. Functional spilloverIIINot possible to contain integration in single sector(Complete) integration of one sector will require integration ofother sectorsExample: transport2. Political spilloverIIIEconomic integration generates new political problemsInterest groups will lobby governments for efficient solutionsGovernments will recognise benefits and will give up (parts of)sovereignty3. Cultivated spilloverIICommission would “cultivate” spilloversBy teaming up with interest groups and national officialsEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (8/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismNeo-Functionalism in critical perspectiveINo explanation for stagnation andintergovernmentalist integrationINo automatic transition from functional political spilloverIBut: revival during 1990s (SEM, Political Union,EMU)?EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (9/18)
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHoffmann and IntergovernmentalismIntergovernmentalist Credo“There is nothing inevitable about the path ofEuropean integration process and neither was thereany evidence of any political will to create a federalstate in Europe”EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (10/18)“Obstinate or obsolete?The fate ofthe nation state andthe case of WesternEurope”, 1966
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHoffmann and IntergovernmentalismIntergovernmentalist Credo“There is nothing inevitable about the path ofEuropean integration process and neither was thereany evidence of any political will to create a federalstate in Europe”IStanley Hoffmann, born 1928 (Vienna)EU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (10/18)“Obstinate or obsolete?The fate ofthe nation state andthe case of WesternEurope”, 1966
sical IntergovernmentalismLiberal IntergovernmentalismHoffmann and IntergovernmentalismIntergovernmentalist Credo“There is nothing inevitable about the path ofEuropean integration process and neither was thereany evidence of any political will to create a federalstate in Europe”IIStanley Hoffmann, born 1928 (Vienna)Neo-Functionalists made three huge mistakes1. Regional integration not self-contained2. States/governments remain uniquely powerfulactors3. Neo-Functionalists fail to distinguish betweenhigh and low politicsEU Integration after LisbonIntegration Theory (10/18)“Obst
Core theories of European Integration 1.Federalism 2.Functionalism 3.Neo-functionalism 4.Intergovernmentalism 5.Liberal Intergovernmentalism EU Integration after Lisbon Integration Theory (1/18) Intro Theories Summary Integration theory { what is it good for? What is a theory, and what is it purpose? Todescribea phenomenon Toexplaina phenomenon Topredicta phenomenon So we want to describe .
Rosamond Ben. (2000) Theories of European Integration. The European Union Series. Palgrave; Pierson P. The Path to European Integration: A Historical Institutional Analysis (1996). The European Union. Readings on the Theory and Practice of European Integration, Nelsen B.F. and Alexander C – G. Stubb (eds.), Palgrave, 1998; Marks G., Hooge L., Blank K. European Integration from .
Ben Rosamond: Theories of European Integration. Basingstoke: Macmillan 2000 Antje Wiener/Thomas Diez (eds.): European Integration Theory. Repr. Oxford: OUP 2005 Hans-Jürgen Bieling/Marika Lerch (eds.): Theorien der europäischen Integration. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag 2005 Anne Faber: Europäische Integration und politik-wissenschaftliche Theoriebildung. Neofunktionalismus und .
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 63-81 Learning Objectives 63 Key Terms 63 Role Theories 65 Motivational Theories 67 Learning Theories 69 Cognitive Theories 73 Symbolic Interaction Theories 75 Socio-Cultural Theories 77 Evolutionary Theories 78 Summary and review 80 review QueStionS 81 4. SELF AND IDENTITY 82-107
Through the Maara Kai Programme, small oneoff funding grants of up to 2,000- (GST exclusive) are availableto help community groups, such as marae, kōhanga reo, Kura, . Maara Kai Programme 2015-201 . 1 . Te Pū Harakeke - Maara Kai 2015- 2016 The contact person must
Mark Wahlberg! Liam’s smile says it all! MEET KAI! In 2018, we introduced our new mascot, Kai. Wish children were asked to name the stuffed lion, who symbolizes courage. After the names were put to a social media vote, Kai came out the winner. Kai has several meanings, including warrior, recovery and victory making him a perfect companion for
Spring Integration vs. Mule ESB vs. Apache Camel . www.mwea.de 1) Systems Integration 2) Integration Frameworks 3) Spring Integration 4) Mule ESB 5) Apache Camel 6) And the Winner is . Agenda Kai Wähner 11.06.2012 Seite 15 . www.mwea.de Wishes Kai Wähner 11.06.2012 Seite 16 .
Ben Rosamond Theories of European Integration Forthcoming Laurie Buonanno and Neill Nugent Policies and Policy Processes of the European Union Mette Eilstrup Sangiovanni (ed.) Debates on European Integration: A Reader Philippa Sherrington Understanding European Union Governance Also planned The Political Economy of the European Union SeriesStanding Order (outside North America only) ISBN 0 .
successfully in captivity, yet animal nutrition is a new and relatively unexplored field. Part of the problem is a lack of facilities in zoological institutions and a lack of expertise. There is, thus, a strong need to develop nutritional studies and departments in zoological institutions. Research on nutrition is carried out both as a problem-solving exercise (in relation to ill-health or .
