Merc Manual V5 - Rinda
MerCruiserSCAN TOOLThe fastest and easiest way to troubleshootMarine Electronic Fuel Injection SystemsUSER’S GUIDEVersion 5Rinda Technologies, Inc.
MerCruiserSCAN TOOLUSER’S GUIDERinda Technologies Inc.4563 N. Elston Ave.Chicago, IL 60630 USATel: (773) 736-6633Fax: (773) 736-2950Web: www.rinda.comSerial Number:
Limited WarrantyTo the original purchaser only, Rinda Technologies, Inc. warrants the supplied scan tool hardware to befree from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use for a period of 1 year from date ofpurchase as evidenced by a copy of the sales receipt. Rinda Technologies, Inc. makes no other expresswarranties on the hardware products. The purchaser’s sole remedy in the event of a breach of warranty isexpressly limited to repair of the defective scan tool hardware. Repair parts and replacement hardwareproducts will be provided on an exchange basis and will be either reconditioned or new. All replaced partsbecome property of Rinda Technologies, Inc. This limited warranty does not cover damage to the productsresulting from misuse, accident, disaster, abuse, negligence, improper maintenance, or modification and/orrepair of the hardware product other than by Rinda Technologies, Inc.The software components in the scan tool are believed to be accurate. Rinda Technologies, Inc. does notwarrant that the operation of the software will be uninterrupted or error free. Further, Rinda Technologies,Inc. does not warrant or guarantee the use of, or the results of the use of, the software in terms of correctness,accuracy, reliability, currentness, or otherwise.Limitation of LiabilityNeither Rinda Technologies, Inc. nor its authorized dealer shall be liable for any defect, indirect, incidental,special, or consequential damages, whether in an action in contract or tort (including negligence and strictliability), such as, but not limited to, loss of anticipated profits or benefits resulting from the use of this scantool and its software or any breach of any warranty, even if Rinda Technologies or its authorized dealer hasbeen advised of the possibility of such damages. In no event will Rinda Technologies, Inc. or its authorizeddealer’s liability exceed the price paid for the product.The information presented in this manual is believed to be accurate. Responsibility for errors, omission ofinformation, or consequences resulting from the use of this information cannot be assumed by RindaTechnologies, Inc. Rinda Technologies, Inc. retains all rights to make changes to specifications at any timewithout notice.Reproduction of this manual, in whole or in part, is forbiddenwithout the express written permission of Rinda Technologies Inc.Manual contents including photographs Copyright ) 1997-2008 Rinda Technologies Inc.All rights reserved worldwide.Volvo Penta is a registered trademark of Volvo Penta Corp. MerCruiser, Thunderbolt V, D-Tronic andMercury are registered trademarks of Brunswick Corp. GM is a registered trademark of General MotorsCorp. Indmar is a registered trademark of Indmar Engine Co. Pleasurecraft and Crusader are registeredtrademarks of Pleasurecraft Engine Group. All other trademarks are properties of their respective holders.
Table of ContentsSafety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3Scan Tool Key Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Setup & Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Function Flowchart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Marine Engines Supported by the Scan Tool . . . . . . . 9Engines with GM MEFI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Volvo Penta EGC EFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Pleasurecraft / Crusader ECM-07 & ECM-08 . . . . . 32Indmar GCP EFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33OBD-M compliant EFI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34MerCruiser PCM-555 / ECM-555 EFI . . . . . . . . . 35MerCruiser PCM-09 (Visteon) EFI . . . . . . . . . . . 49MerCruiser Thunderbolt V Ignition . . . . . . . . . . 50MerCruiser 2.8L / 4.2L D-Tronic Diesel . . . . . . . 58MerCruiser 7.3L D-Tronic Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . 59Mercury 3.0L Carbureted Outboard. . . . . . . . . . 60Mercury 3.0L EFI Outboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Mercury Hi Perf 2.0 / 2.5 L EFI Outboard . . . . . . . 63Injector Test Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Support Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Scan Tool Adapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Page 1
Safety PrecautionsBefore attempting to use the MerCruiser Scan Tool pleaseread and observe the following safety precautions:·Always refer to and follow the engine and boat manufacturer’s safetyand service procedures to prevent personal injury and equipmentdamage.·Never connect or disconnect the scan tool with the vehicle’s ignitionturned ON or while the engine is running.·Always stay clear of any moving or movable engine componentswhen connecting and using the scan tool.·When working near marine batteries never use any device that iscapable of producing a spark, high temperature or open flame.Marine batteries contain sulfuric acid and produce highly explosivegasses that may ignite. To prevent serious injury always observe thisprecaution along with the safety precautions provided by the engine,boat and battery manufacturers.·Always test and service a running engine in a well ventilated area.·Always wear approved eye protection.IMPORTANT·This scan tool is a sensitive electronic instrument. Handle the toolwith extreme care.·DO NOT subject the scan tool to excessive water spray or expose itto rain. The scan tool is water resistant but not water proof.·DO NOT leave the scan tool in direct sunlight for extended periods oftime or subject it to extreme temperatures (hot or cold).·ALWAYS store the scan tool in its protective carrying case (# 94015)when not in use. If you do not have a carrying case, store the scannerin its original packaging.Page 2
OverviewWhat is the MerCruiser Scan Tool?The MerCruiser Scan Tool is a multi-purpose diagnostic device that functionsas a scanner and a fuel injector t ester. The scanner supports currentMerCruiser electronic engine control systems and is software ungradable forfuture applications.Figure 1 MerCruiser Scan ToolIn addition to the MerCruiser Scan Tool’s diagnostic functions, the tool alsocontains a programmable fuel injector tester that is compatible with mostmulti-port marine fuel injectors.The MerCruiser Scan Tool automatically tailors its menu choices andavailable functions based upon the type of ECM it detects on the engine. Aflowchart of the basic menu choices is detailed on the Function Flowchartpages. Some functions and features may vary between similar ECM types.This variation is due to the way that a particular ECM is programmed at thefactory. Some ECMs may have certain features enabled or disabled whichwill cause the MerCruiser scan tool to automatically adjust its menu and datadisplay choices.To Begin:1. Review the Key Functions, Setup and Operation, as well as the FunctionFlowchart information.2. Proceed to the section pertaining to the specific system type being diagnosed.3. Follow the procedures in that section.Page 3
Scan Tool Key FunctionsKEY FUNCTIONSScrolls to next menu choice or used to increase a valueScrolls to previous menu choice or used to decrease a valueUsed to choose or activate menu optionsExits the current menu or test modeStops information that is scrolling across the displayDisplays scan tool setup optionsUsed to activate outputs or pulse injectors depending upon test modeProvides information on menu selections or engine parametersPage 4
Setup and OperationSetupThe setup function is accessible while in any of the scan tool’s menus or while in thedata scanning mode. Pressing the SETUP key causes the scanner to suspend itscurrent mode of operation and enter a special setup menu. The setup menu containsitems that allow you to tailor various functions of the scan tool.These functions are as follows:English/Metric Causes data related to pressure, temperature and velocity to bedisplayed in English or Metric units.ModeGPH ScalingAffects the display of GM MEFI 1 & 2 fuel flow readings. UseScale Factory #1 for most engine’s. Use Scale Factor #2 whenworking on older MerCruiser engines.MAP ScalingUse 2 ATM setting only when working on supercharged engines.Save SettingsCauses adjustments made to English/Metric Units, GPH Scaling,Screen Contrast, and Fuel Injector time settings to be stored in thescanner’s non-volatile memory. These settings are permanentlyretained and will automatically be recalled each time the tool isturned ON. The settings remain in effect until changed.Screen AdjustAllows the scanner’s display contrast to be adjusted. Please notethat the display’s readability is affected by both ambient lightingconditions and temperature. Use the screen adjustment feature asnecessary to produce a suitable amount of contrast for yourviewing purposes.Press the NO key to exit the Setup mode.OperationThe s and t keys are used to access all menu choices throughout the operation ofthe scan tool.The YES key is used to select or activate the currently displayed menu item.The HELP key provides information on current menu choices or items.After the scan tool displays its initial opening messages, use the s and t keys toaccess one of the following operating modes, then press the YES key to select it.Marine EFIMerc D-TronicThunderbolt VMercury OutboardInjector TestSupport InformationPage 5
Connect ToolStart HereFunction FlowchartPage 6
Function FlowchartPage 7
Function Flowchartcontinued from page 6Page 8MerCruiser2001 - UpPCM-555 and ECM-555
Function Flowchartcontinued from page 6Volvo Penta EGCPleasurecraft / Crusader ECM-07 & UpIndmar (GCP ECM)Page 9
Function Flowchartcontinued from page 6Page 10MerCruiser Visteon ECM(catalyst equipped engines)andGeneric OBD-M systems
Engines Supported by the Scan ToolEngine / EFI System SupportThe MerCruiser Scan Tool supports a variety of electronic engine control systems assummarized below. Please refer to the appropriate section of this manual based on thetype of engine control system being diagnosed.·All marine engines equipped with GM MEFI (MEFI 1 thru MEFI 5)·Volvo Penta engines equipped with EGC EFI·Pleasurecraft / Crusader engines with ECM-07 & ECM-08 EFI·Indmar engine models equipped with GCP EFI·MerCruiser engines equipped with PCM-555 and ECM-555 EFI·MerCruiser engines equipped with Visteon EFI·OBD-M compliant sterndrive / inboard gasoline marine engines.·MerCruiser engines with Thunderbolt V Ignition·MerCruiser 2.8L and 4.2L D-Tronic Diesel Engines·MerCruiser 7.3L D-Tronic Diesel Engines·Mercury 3.0L Carbureted Outboard·Mercury 3.0L EFI Outboard·Mercury Hi-Performance 2.0L / 2.5L EFI OutboardPage 11
GM Marine EFIScan Tool GM EFI CompatibilityAt the date of publication of this manual, the MerCruiser Scan Tool iscompatible with 1993 and newer GM Marine EFI systems being used by avariety of marine engine manufacturers. These manufacturers include VolvoPenta, MerCruiser, Indmar, Crusader, Flagship, Marine Power, Pleasurecraft,and KEM. Please note that other manufacturers may also apply based uponnew product releases and MerCruiser Scan Tool software updates.Gasoline ECMs SupportedThe Marine EFI menu choice should be selected in order to service all 1993 and newergasoline engines produced by Volvo Penta that are equipped with Electronic FuelInjection. This is the menu choice you will use most often.Upon selecting the Marine EFI menu choice, the scan tool will establishcommunication with the engine’s Electronic Control Module (ECM) andautomatically determine the type of module that is present.There are, at the time of this writing, five base GM marine system types that aresupported by the MerCruiser scan tool. Some of the system types shown below alsohave revisions that were released after their initial introductions which incorporatedrefinements. For example, MEFI-4 also had two follow-up revisions called MEFI-4aand MEFI-4b. The scan tool currently supports all known GM MEFI revisions fromMEFI-1 through MEFI-5c.Supported GM EFI system types:Page 12·MEFI 1 (introduced in 1993)·MEFI 2 (introduced in 1996)·MEFI 3 (introduced in 1998)·MEFI 4 (introduced in 2001)·MEFI 5 (introduced in 2005)
GM Marine EFIConnecting to GM MEFI-1 thru MEFI-4 systems(For connecting to GM MEFI-5 CAN based systems see page 15)1) Locate the engine’s 10 pin marine diagnostic connector (DLC). The location ofthis connector is specified in the engine manufacturer’s service manual. Please beaware that the connector may have a protective cap attached to it. Shown beloware photos depicting common locations of the GM diagnostic connector.Figure 2 GM EFI Diagnostic ConnectorNote: Some manufacturers place a protective cover over the GM diagnosticconnector which must be removed in order to connect the scan tool to theengine. Be sure to replace the connector cover, if used, in order to protect thediagnostic connector’s electrical terminals from water and corrosion.Page 13
GM Marine EFI2) With the engine’s ignition switch in the OFF position, plug the scan tool’scommunication cable into the diagnostic connector. Scan tool adapter #94005 isrequired for this application.3) Once the tool is connected, turn the ignition switch ON and start the engine ifnecessary. If the engine will not start, simply leave the ignition switch ON andproceed.4) After the scan tool displays its initial opening messages, use the s and t keys toselect the “Marine EFI” operating mode, then press the YES key to select it.Connecting Twin Engine SystemsIn a twin engine configuration, the ECM modules (one on each engine) may beelectronically linked together. This link is usually installed by the boat manufacturerand provides the ability to diagnose both engines from a single diagnostic connector.With the exception of setting the engine’s base timing, all scanner functions areavailable for accessing both engines from one diagnostic plug. In order for thescanner to function properly in this mode, the ignition keys should be ON for BOTHengines. It is not necessary to have the engines running, but both ignition systemsshould be turned on (Key On/Engine OFF).For twin installations that are NOT electronically linked together, you must connectto and service each engine individually. In this situation, each engine in the twininstallation will respond as Engine #1.Engine #1 / Engine #2 Selection (MEFI ECMs Only)This menu allows you to select which engine you would like to service. For a singleengine system, choose Engine #1.For a twin engine system where the engines are electronically linked together, chooseEngine #1 or Engine #2.If you are diagnosing a twin engine system that is NOT electronically linkedtogether, you must have the scanner attached to the diagnostic connector onthe engine you wish to service and choose Engine #1.Remember, both ignition systems should be ON when troubleshooting anelectronically linked twin engine installation.Page 14
GM Marine EFIConnecting to GM MEFI-5 systems1) Locate the engine’s 6 pin CAN diagnostic connector. This connector may also bereferred to as the OBD-M connector (On-Board Diagnostics-Marine). Thelocation of this connector is specified in the engine manufacturer’s servicemanual. Please note that the connector may have a protective cap attached to it.Figure 3 Scan Tool CAN Network Adapter #940272) With the engine’s ignition switch in the OFF position, plug the scan tool’scommunication cable into the diagnostic connector. Scan tool adapter #94027(CAN Adapter) is required for this application as shown in Figure 3 above.3) Once the tool is connected, turn the ignition switch ON and start the engine ifnecessary. If the engine will not start, simply leave the ignition switch ON andproceed.4) After the scan tool displays its initial opening messages, use the s and t keys toselect the “Marine EFI” operating mode, then press the YES key to select it.Page 15
GM Marine EFIObtaining DataAfter selecting the “Marine EFI” function the scan tool will attempt to communicatewith the engine’s fuel injection computer and automatically identify it. After anidentification is made, you will be presented with several menu choices. To obtaindiagnostic data and system trouble codes, select the “ECM Data” function. Thismenu choice causes the scanner to begin reading information from the ECM module.The scanner will prompt for your input as follows:1) After choosing the ECM data function, the scanner may prompt you to choose adata list(MEFI-1 thru MEFI-4 systems only). Select Data List #1 or Data List #0.Data List #1 contains diagnostic service information and will usually be ofprimary interest to you.Data List #0 contains a smaller number of information items and is intended forelectronic instrumentation purposes.2) The scanner will now attempt to communicate with the engine’s computer andautomatically determine what version of ECM is installed on the engine.3) Next, the scanner will provide you with the number of Operating Hours theengine has logged. Once displayed, the scanner will interrogate the ECM andobtain any stored Fault Codes. If any codes are detected, they will be displayedalong with their descriptions. Options will be displayed allowing you to Reviewas well as Erase the stored codes.4) The tool will now enter its “Scanner” mode and allow you to select and display awide variety of engine sensor and operating information. The displayed data isupdated several times per second. Use the s and t keys to scroll through theavailable information. Use the HELP key to access information on the currentlydisplayed engine parameter. Use the NO key to exit the “Scanner” mode andreturn to the main menu.Page 16
GM Marine EFIGM EFI TROUBLE CODE CHARTMEFI-1CodeDescription14212333424351Coolant Temperature SensorThrottle Position SensorManifold Air TemperatureManifold Absolute PressureElectronic Spark TimingElectronic Spark ControlCalibration Checksum 445152Coolant Sensor Voltage High (cold)Coolant Sensor Voltage Low (hot)Throttle Position Sensor Voltage HighThrottle Position Sensor Voltage LowManifold Air Temp Sensor High (cold)Speed Sensor (if installed)Manifold Air Temp Sensor Low (hot)Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor HighManifold Absolute Pressure Sensor LowElectronic Spark Timing Open CircuitElectronic Spark Timing Grounded CircuitElectronic Spark Control Detects Continuous KnockElectronic Spark Control Cannot Detect KnockECM Calibration Checksum ErrorECM Hardware FailurePage 17
GM Marine EFIGM EFI TROUBLE CODE CHARTMEFI-3 & 243445154556162636481Oxygen Sensor 1 or 2 MalfunctionCoolant Sensor Voltage High (cold)Coolant Sensor Voltage Low(hot)Throttle Position Sensor Voltage HighThrottle Position Sensor Voltage Skewed HighThrottle Position Sensor Voltage LowManifold Air Temperature Sensor High (cold)Speed Sensor Inactive (if installed)Manifold Air Temperature Sensor Low (hot)Governor Not TrackingEGR Valve Not TrackingManifold Absolute Pressure Sensor HighManifold Absolute Pressure Sensor LowElectronic Spark Timing Open CircuitElectronic Spark Timing Grounded CircuitElectronic Spark Control Detects Continuous KnockKnock Sensor 1 or 2 InactiveCalibration Checksum ErrorOxygen Sensor 1 or 2 LeanOxygen Sensor 1 or 2 RichFuel Pressure Sensor HighFuel Pressure Sensor LowFuel Temperature HighFuel Temperature LowSee Scan Tool** Scan tool will display specific details on the type of Code 81 that isset. Code 81 is associated with a variety of system faults.Page 18
GM Marine EFIGM EFI TROUBLE CODE CHARTMEFI-5Mefi-5 ECM modules introduce a new system of fault codes that differssignificantly from prior generations of MEFI modules. The new system breaksfaults down into two parts, a Suspect Par
Mercury 3.0L Carbureted Outboard.60 Mercury 3.0L EFI Outboard . Page 3 Figure 1 MerCruiser Scan Tool. Scan Tool Key Functions Page 4 Scrolls to next menu choice or used to increase a value Scrolls to previous menu choice or used to decrease a value Used to choose or activate menu options Exits the current menu or test mode Stops information that is scrolling across the display Displays .
scan tool and its software or any breach of any warranty, even if Rinda Technolo- gies or its authorized dealer has been advised of the possibility of such damages. In no event will Rinda Technologies
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