Automotive Technology Module 1: Introduction To Automotive .
Introduction To Automotive TechnologyAutomotive TechnologyModule 1: Introduction to Automotive TechnologyStudent ReferenceTechnicalConsultants:Ken EstesRobin FergusonSteve ReeseProjectCoordinator:Erica KasselEditor:Janis LevsenProduced by the Instructional Materials Laboratory1400 Rock Quarry CenterUniversity of Missouri-ColumbiaColumbia, MO 65211(800) 669-24652006 EditionCatalog no. 70-1801-S 2006. The Curators of the University of Missouri.All Rights Reserved. GraphicArtists:Chris BenedictJacqueline Craig
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Introduction To Automotive TechnologyACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe 2006 revision of Introduction to Automotive Technology represents theInstructional Materials Laboratory’s commitment to the continual improvementof the Automotive Technology Curriculum. Introduction to Automotive Technologyis the first in the nine-module series. The other modules are as follows:Module 2Module 3Module 3Module 3Module 4Module 5Module 6Module 7Module 8Module 9Electrical SystemsEngine Performance, Section 1: Ignition SystemsEngine Performance, Section 2: Fuel and Exhaust SystemsEngine Performance, Section 3: Emission Control SystemsEngine RepairSteering and Suspension SystemsBrakesManual Drive Train and AxlesAutomatic Transmissions and TransaxlesHeating and Air ConditioningAll modules are based on the National Automotive Technicians EducationFoundation (NATEF) task list. For years the National Institute for AutomotiveService Excellence (ASE) has set the professional standards for automotivetechnicians. A strong NATEF orientation makes the nine curriculum guides aneffective tool for preparing students to enter the technologically advanced field ofautomotive technology.IML gratefully acknowledges the important contribution of the advisorycommittee:Roger Donovan, Illinois Central College, East Peoria, ILKen Estes, Grand River Technical School, Chillicothe, MORobin Ferguson, Kirksville Vocational Technical School, Kirksville, MOSam Jeanrenaud, Lee’s Summit, MOKeith Kendrick, John A. Logan College, Carterville, ILSteve Reese, Lewis and Clark Vocational Technical School, St. Charles, MORon Tuetken, Lewis and Clark Community College, Godfrey, ILJohn Walker, Hannibal Area Vocational Technical School, Hannibal, MORodney Wolken, Eldon Career Center, Eldon, MOiii
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Introduction To Automotive TechnologyTABLE OF CONTENTSIntroduction . iTitle Page. nit ICareers in the Automotive Field.S 1Lesson 1: The Automotive Technology Career. S 5Unit IISafety.S 11Lesson 1: Protecting Yourself and Others in the Shop. S 15Lesson 2: Shop Safety Features and EmergencyProcedures. S 35Lesson 3: Raising and Supporting Vehicles Safely. S 41Lesson 4: Federal and State Hazardous MaterialRegulations. S 49Unit IIIChemicals and Their Use.S 59Lesson 1: Solvents, Soaps, and Cleaning Solutions. S 63Lesson 2: Lubricants and Specialty Chemicals. S 71Lesson 3: Gases, Asbestos Dust, and Battery Acid. S 79Unit IVBasic Hand Tools.S 85Lesson 1: Types of Wrenches. S 89Lesson 2: Types of Screwdrivers and Pliers. S 97Lesson 3: Types of Hammers, Punches, and Chisels. S 103
Automotive TechnologyUnit VSpecialty Tools, Fasteners, and Measuring Tools.S 107Lesson 1: Specialty Tools. S 111Lesson 2: Fasteners. S 119Lesson 3: Measuring Tools. S 129Unit VIPower Tools and Shop Equipment.S 135Lesson 1: Power Tools. S 139Lesson 2: Shop Equipment. S 151Unit VIIVehicle Information.S 161Lesson 1: Service Information and VehicleIdentification. S 165Unit VIIICustomer Service.S 169Lesson 1: Customer Service, Work Orders, andVehicle Preparation. S 173vi
Introduction To Automotive TechnologyCOMPONENTSI.Objectives — Each unit is based on objectives that state the measurableunit and specific behavioral or performance objectives that the student isexpected to achieve. Because the objectives of the unit provide directionfor the teaching-learning process, the teacher and student need a commonunderstanding of the intent of the objectives.II.Information Sheets — Presented in outline format, the information sheetsprovide content essential for meeting the cognitive (knowledge) objectivesin the unit. The student should study the information sheets before anyclass discussion or completion of the assignment sheets. The correspondingStudent Reference page numbers appear in the upper corner of theInstructor Guide.III.Assignment Sheets — The assignment sheets allow the student to respondto cognitive questions in writing.IV.Job Sheets — The job sheets are designed to guide the student throughvarious key tasks and provide a means for the instructor to evaluate astudent’s performance of the task.V.Unit Tests — The unit tests evaluate the student’s knowledge of thematerial.VI.Student Workbook and Student Test Packet Tracking Sheets — Theseprovide the instructor with an effective way to track student progress onthe assignment sheets, job sheets, and unit tests.vii
Automotive TechnologyreferencesAlliance of Automobile Manufacturers. www.autoalliance.org.“Aqueous Parts Cleaning.” Best Environmental Practices for Auto Repair,November 1999. Environmental Protection Agency.Automotive Lift Institute. www.autolift.org“Battery Safety.” National Ag Safety Database (NASD). www.cdc.gov/nasd.Chrysler. www.chrysler.com.Dodge. www.dodge.com.Duffy, James E. Modern Automotive Technology. Tinley Park, IL: TheGoodheart-Willcox Company, Inc., 2000.“Floor Cleanup.” Best Environmental Practices for Auto Repair, November 1999.Environmental Protection Agency.Ford Motor Company. www.ford.com.General Motors. www.gm.com.National Automotive Technicians Education Foundation (NATEF).www.natef.org.National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE). www.asecert.org.Occupational Outlook Handbook, 2006–07 Edition. United States Department ofLabor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. www.bls.gov/oco.Screw Drive Systems. Sizes.com. www.sizes.com.Sunkin, Ed. “Trends and Traits of Today’s Technicians: The 2001 ProfessionalAutomotive Technicians Survey.” Underhood Service, March 2001.Tobolt, William K, Larry Johnson, and W. Scott Gauthier. AutomotiveEncyclopedia. Tinley Park, IL: The Goodheart-Willcox Company, Inc., 2000.United States Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration. www.osha.gov.United States Environmental Protection Agency. www.epa.gov.viii
Introduction To Automotive TechnologyUNIT I: careers in the automotive fieldCONTENTS OF THIS UNITI.Unit objectiveII.Lesson planA.Lesson 1: The Automotive Technology Career1.Information outline2.Assignment Sheeta.III.AS1-L1-UI: Automotive Technology FieldUnit I TestS
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Introduction To Automotive TechnologyUNIT I: careers in the automotive fieldAfter completing this unit, students will be able to identify some of theopportunities in the automotive field and various facts about the automotivetechnology career. Students will demonstrate mastery of the material bycompleting the assignment sheet and achieving a score of on the Unit ITest.SPECIFIC OBJECTIVESAfter completing the lesson in this unit, students should be able to:Lesson 1I.Identify some of the opportunities in the automotive field.II.Identify the importance of training and how automotive technicians andtraining programs are certified.III.Identify job prospects in the automotive technology field.IV.Identify common methods used to pay automotive technicians.V.Identify other facts about working as an automotive technician.VI.Complete the assignment sheet on the automotive technology field(AS1-L1-UI).S
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Introduction To Automotive TechnologyUNIT I: CAREERS in the automotive fieldLESSON 1: the Automotive technology careerI.Opportunities in the automotive fieldA.According to statistics from the U.S. Department of Labor, over800,000 people in the United States are employed as automotiveservice technicians and mechanics.1.2.3.B.Most are employed in the following businesses:a.Automotive repair and maintenance shopsb.Automobile dealersc.Retailers and wholesalers of automotive parts, accessories,and suppliesOthers work in the following businesses or organizations:a.Gas stationsb.Home and automotive supply storesc.Automotive equipment rental and leasing companiesd.Federal, state, and local governmentsOver 16% own their own their own business.Many job opportunities are available that relate directly and indirectlyto the automotive technology field.S
Automotive Technology1.Opportunities directly related to automotive technologya.Automotive technicianb.Automotive technician’s apprenticec.Repair shop supervisord.Exhaust and emissions techniciane.Tune-up technicianf.Service writerg.Mechanical unit repairerh.Technician in automotive manufacturing plantsi.Air conditioning technicianj.Engine techniciank.Teacher or trainerNOTE: Many graduates of automotive technologyprograms qualify to pursue a career as a teacher or trainerwith little or no extra training required for an entry-levelposition.2.l.Diesel technicianm.Bus inspectorn.Tractor techniciano.Parts salvagerOpportunities indirectly related to automotive technologya.Farm equipment technicianb.Aircraft technicianc.Office equipment service technician/service representatived.Machinist apprenticeS
Introduction To Automotive TechnologyII.e.Air conditioning and heating service apprenticef.Industrial machine maintenance techniciang.Small engine technicianh.Marine equipment techniciani.Motorcycle technicianTraining and certificationA.B.Repairing and maintaining today’s sophisticated vehicles requiresknowledge in many diverse systems and technologically advancedareas.1.The days of getting a job based on performing automotiverepair as a hobby or tinkering in the garage are gone.2.Most job opportunities require formal training in automotivetechnology in high school or a postsecondary school or college.Certifying organizations1.As stated on their Web site, the National Institute forAutomotive Service Excellence (ASE) is a nonprofit organizationthat aims to “improve the quality of vehicle repair and servicethrough the testing and certification of repair and serviceprofessionals. “a.Automotive technicians can be certified in one or more ofthe eight areas below. Brakes Electrical/electrical systems Engine performance Suspension and steering Automatic transmission and transaxle Engine repair Heating and air conditioningS
Automotive Technology b.2.C.Manual drive train and axlesTo be certified, technicians must have at least 2 years ofexperience and pass an ASE written examination. Theymust retake the exam every 5 years to maintain theircertification.The National Automotive Technicians Education Foundation(NATEF), an arm of ASE, reviews training programs to ensurethey are meeting ASE standards and staying up-to-date withthe continuously changing automotive technology and repairmethods.a.Training programs request the review process on avoluntary basis. If a program passes the review, NATEFrecommends it to ASE for certification. Programs must bereviewed again every 5 years to be recertified.b.In ASE’s automobile specialty, training programs can becertified in the eight areas listed in 1a.To stay current with changes and advancements in the field,automotive technicians will need to attend training classesthroughout their careers. Technicians may receive training at theirworkplace or may need to attend classes at a technical school orcollege.S
Introduction To Automotive TechnologyIII.IV.V.Job prospects in the automotive technology fieldA.Prospects are very good for individuals with training and skills indiagnosis, problem solving, electronics, and mathematics. Knowledgein electronics has become crucial because most vehicle concernsinvolve working with or analyzing the electrical system. According tothe Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, “electronics now controlmore than 86% of all systems in a typical vehicle.”B.Many employers in the industry have reported that there is a shortageof automotive technicians and they have difficulty hiring individualswith education and experience in the areas desired.C.According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook,
Module 4 Engine Repair Module 5 Steering and Suspension Systems Module 6 Brakes Module 7 Manual Drive Train and Axles Module 8 Automatic Transmissions and Transaxles Module 9 Heating and Air Conditioning All modules are based on the National Automotive Technicians Education Foundation (NATEF) task list. For years the National Institute for .
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