6 Ed. APA In-Text Citation Examples

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ONLINE LIBRARYhttp://library.national.edu6th ed. APA In-Text Citation ExamplesWhat is an in-text citation?An in-text citation is found in the body of a research paper. It tells your reader where you foundany information or ideas that are not your own. It is a shortened citation in parentheses andincludes the author’s last name, publication year, and the page number (if quoting).When is an in-text citation required?An in-text citation is required whenever you use someone else’s words or ideas: Quoting – Using someone else’s exact words. Make sure to include a page number. If a quote ismore than 40 words, use the directions on the last two pages of this handout.Paraphrasing – Rephrasing someone’s writing or ideas into your own words. Page number notrequired but include if it will help your reader locate the relevant information.Summarizing – Putting the main idea(s) of someone else’s writing into your own words. Pagenumber not required.*** Remember: Each source listed on the reference page must correspond to at least one in-textcitation in the body of the paper; each in-text citation must correspond to a source listed on thereference page.One authorNote that you canintegrate the author’sname and year into thesentence or you caninclude all informationin the parentheses atthe end.QuotationResearch indicates that “people need to focus on their mental healthas much as their physical health” (White, 2010, p. 26).White’s (2010) research indicates that “people need to focus ontheir mental health as much as their physical health” (p. 26).Paraphrase / SummaryResearch indicates that it is important for individuals to pay equalattention to the well-being of both their mind and body (White,2010).White’s (2010) research indicates that it is important for individualsto pay equal attention to the well-being of both their mind and body.Two authorsList both authors for allin-text citations.QuotationWhen using the term “consumer” to describe patients, it might“eliminate the most crucial element in the effective delivery of care:compassion” (Goldstein & Bowers, 2015, p. 164).Goldstein and Bowers (2015) have asserted that using the term“consumer” to describe patients might “eliminate the most crucialelement in the effective delivery of care: compassion” (p. 164).

Paraphrase / SummaryTwo authorsList both authors for allin-text citations.When using the term “consumer” to describe patients, it mightcompromise healthcare services by deemphasizing compassion(Goldstein & Bowers, 2015).Goldstein and Bowers (2015) have asserted that when using theterm “consumer” to describe patients, it might compromisehealthcare services by deemphasizing compassion.Three to fiveauthorsInclude ALL authorsin the FIRST in-textcitation. If you needto refer to the sourceagain, though:1. Drop all authornames except thefirst author2. Add “et al.”(meaning “andothers”)Examples:(Connell et al., 2014)QuotationOne of the purposes of advertising is “framing consumer decisionsby directing attention away from product disadvantages” (Connell,Brucks, & Nielsen, 2015, p. 130).Researchers Connell, Brucks, and Nielson (2015) point out that oneof the purposes of advertising is “framing consumer decisions bydirecting attention away from product disadvantages” (p. 130).Paraphrase / SummaryOne of the purposes of advertising is to distract people from anitem’s undesirable qualities when they are considering a purchase(Connell, Brucks, & Nielsen, 2015).Researchers Connell, Brucks, and Nielson (2015) point out that oneof the purposes of advertising is to distract people from an item’sundesirable qualities when they are considering a purchase.Researchers Connellet al. (2015) found . . .Six or moreauthorsList only the firstauthor and the words“et al.” (meaning “andothers”) for all in-textcitations.QuotationHistorical periods of climate change have shown that “people willdevelop adaptation strategies that fit their own needs” (RiveraCollazo et al., 2015, p. 637).The research of Rivera-Collazo et al. (2015) shows that duringhistorical periods of climate change “people will develop adaptationstrategies that fit their own needs” (p. 637).

Six or moreauthorsList only the firstauthor and the words“et al.” (meaning “andothers”) for all in-textcitations.Corporate authorOften the author of adocument or report isnot a person but anorganization. Examplesinclude researchorganizations andgovernment agencies.Paraphrase / SummaryHistorical periods of climate change have shown that people use avariety of ways to adjust to the environment depending on therequirements of their particular group (Rivera-Collazo et al., 2015).The research of Rivera-Collazo et al. (2015) shows that, duringhistorical periods of climate change, people use a variety of ways toadjust to the environment depending on the requirements of theirparticular group.QuotationOne of the ways in which states can promote a healthier lifestyle isby “creating or enhancing access to safe places for physical activity”(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014, p. 4).The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014) hassuggested that one of the ways in which states can promote ahealthier lifestyle is by “creating or enhancing access to safe placesfor physical activity” (p. 4).Paraphrase / SummaryOne of the ways in which states can promote a healthier lifestyle isinvesting in recreational areas that encourage people to be active(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014).The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014) hassuggested that one of the ways in which states can promote ahealthier lifestyle is investing in recreational areas that encouragepeople to be active.No authorWhen no author listed,cite the title of thearticle.QuotationPrisoners subjected to solitary confinement reported experiencing“paranoia, hallucinations, bizarre sleep habits, self-mutilation andconstant screaming” (The Horror in U.S. Prisons, 2015, p. A12).In a recent Washington Post story, “The Horror in U.S. Prisons”(2015), prisoners subjected to solitary confinement reportedexperiencing “paranoia, hallucinations, bizarre sleep habits, selfmutilation and constant screaming” (p. A12).Paraphrase / SummaryPrisoners subjected to solitary confinement reported experiencing avariety of extremely serious negative health and psychologicaleffects (The Horror in U.S. Prisons, 2015, p. A12).In a recent Washington Post story, “The Horror in U.S. Prisons”(2015), prisoners subjected to solitary confinement reportedexperiencing a variety of extremely serious negative health andpsychological effects.

WebsitesFor quotations fromwebpages and webdocuments without apage number, cite theparagraph number.If there is a heading,cite it as well and addthe word “section.”QuotationBe wary of citing the date at the bottom of a webpage because itmight simply be “when the webmaster added code for a dancingFreud” (Hume-Pratuch, 2010, Online Documents section, para. 2).APA expert Hume-Pratuch (2010) suggests being wary of citing thedate at the bottom of a webpage because it might simply be “whenthe webmaster added code for a dancing Freud” (Online Documentssection, para. 2).Paraphrase / Summary*** This does not apply to paraphrase/summary because neitherrequires a page number in the citation.SecondarysourcesWhen one source citesanother source, it isconsidered a“secondary source.”REFER to the originalsource and CITE thesecondary source.IMPORTANT: Whenpossible, avoid usingsecondary sources andlocate and use theoriginal source.QuotationIn Peidmont’s research, those who follow rules tend to “adherestrictly to their ethical principles and scrupulously fulfill their moralobligations” (as cited in Bratton & Strittmatter, 2013, p. 432).*** In an article by Bratton and Strittmatter, they quote anotherresearcher by the name of Peidmont. Bratton and Strittmatter arecited and should be listed on the reference page.Paraphrase / SummaryAn early study in the 1990s conducted by Sims showed that peoplewho acted unethically at school later acted unethically at their job(as cited in Bratton & Strittmatter, 2013).*** In an article by Bratton and Strittmatter, they summarize the workof another researcher by the name of Sims. Bratton and Strittmatterare cited and should be listed on the reference page.Please see information about quotes of more than 40 words on the next page.

In-text quotation of more than 40 words:If you want to include a direct quote that is MORE than 40 words:1) Start the quotation on a new line, ½ inch from the left margin (the same place where a newparagraph would start).2) Type the quotation, indenting any subsequent lines ½ inch from the left margin.3) Double space the entire quote.4) Put your parenthetical citation after the last punctuation mark of the quote. Follow theinstructions outlined on the previous pages for citing multiple authors in the parenthetical.5) Make sure to include a page or paragraph number in the parenthetical.In his Letter from Birmingham Jail, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. wrote about theinterconnectivity of everyone:I cannot sit idly by in Atlanta and not be concerned about what happens in Birmingham.Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapablenetwork of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly,affects all indirectly. (1963, April 16, para. 4)Dr. King’s letter is still highly relevant and frequently cited by scholars even fifty years later.

6th ed. APA In-Text Citation Examples What is an in-text citation? An in-text citation is found in the body of a research paper. It tells your reader where you found any information or ideas that are not your own. It is a shortened citation in parentheses and includes the author’s last name, publication year, and the page number (if quoting).

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The problem: You don’t have a clue about APA formatting. In fact you have never even seen an APA formatted paper. The solution: PERRLA for APA ut you don’t know where to start. We’re here to help. Let’s figure out what an APA paper looks like. When you use PERRLA to create your APA fo

Edition T3, 2019 IMPORTANT: All sections of this APA Abridged Referencing Guide are based on APA 6th edition. The Academic Learning Centre (ALC) is aware that APA 7th edition has been recently released. However, the ALC recommends using APA 6th until further notice, unless otherwise stated by your lecturer.

No heading is used for the introduction (APA, 2020). Writing in APA style requires attention to format, APA writing style, bias-free writing, author citation, and references which are all covered in this paper. Write your paper using the structure found in the 7th edition of the APA’s Manual of the American Psycholo

Following APA format is required for Ph.D. dissertations. This is a living document and your feedback and comments are appreciated. Please contact your Doctoral Studies Director if you have any feedback about this template. Helpful Resources APA Quick Answers - References APA Quick Answers - Formatting Purdue

Image Caption: APA Abstract Page Please see our Sample APA Paper resource to see an example of an APA paper. You may also visit our Additional Resources page for more examples of APA papers. How to Cite the Purdue OWL in APA Individual Resources Contributors' names and the last edited date can be found in the orange boxes at the

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