Typical Mechanical Properties Of Wrought Aluminum Alloys .

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Typical Mechanical Propertiesof Wrought Aluminum Alloysat Various TemperaturesDifferent types of data are shown in each tableof typical mechanical properties at various temperatures.Tensile properties at subzero temperatureswere determined with 0.5 in. (13 mm) diametertensile in accordance with ASTM B 557 and E8. In addition, during the tests the specimenswere held in cryostats containing the followingcryofluids to reach different temperatures: For 118 8F (128 8C), dry ice and alcohol For 1112 8F (180 8C), liquefied petroleumgas For 1320 8F (1196 8C), liquefied nitrogen For 1423 8F (1253 8C), liquefied hydrogen For 1452 8F (1269 8C), liquefied heliumGenerally a series of tests were made overthe range of temperatures, excluding 1423 8F(1253 8C) and 1452 8F (1269 8C), which required special setups and were run only on special alloys intended for cryogenic service. Loadstrain curves were plotted in each test with autographic extensometers, and yield strength (and,in some cases, moduli) values were determinedat 0.2% offset by analysis of the curves. Theresultant data for tensile strength, yield strength,modulus, and elongation were plotted, and average lines were constructed over the temperaturerange. The table values are the averages fromintersections with the respective temperatures.Tensile properties and modulus of elasticity at temperature after various holding timeswere determined with 0.5 in. (12.5 mm) diameterspecimens in accordance with applicable editions of ASTM E 21 from room temperature to700 8F (370 8C). The tests were made 0.5 h afterthe specimens reached test temperature; forlonger soak times, the specimens were held inovens before being placed in the testing machines. Load-strain curves were plotted in eachtest with autographic extensometers, and 0.2%offset yield strength (and, in some cases, moduli)values were determined by analysis of thecurves. The resultant data for tensile strength,yield strength, modulus, and elongation wereplotted, and average lines were constructed overthe temperature range. The table values are theaverages from intersections with the respectivetemperatures.Tensile properties at room temperatureafter exposure at various temperatures forvarious holding times were determined with0.5 in. (12.5 mm) diameter specimens in accordance with applicable editions of ASTM E 8after the specimens had been soaked in furnacesfrom 0.5 to 10,000 h from room temperature to700 8F (370 8C). Load-strain curves were plottedin each test with autographic extensometers, andyield strength (and, in some cases, moduli) values were determined by analysis of the curves.The resultant data for tensile strength, yieldstrength, modulus, and elongation were plotted,and average lines were constructed over the temperature range. The table values are the averagesfrom intersections with the respective temperatures.Creep rupture strengths for various timesat various temperatures and stresses required togenerate various amounts of creep in variouslengths of time were determined with 0.5 in.(12.5 mm) diameter specimens in accordancewith ASTM applicable editions of E 139 fromroom temperature to 700 8F (370 8C). Extensometers were used to measure strain versus timeduring the test, and stresses for various amountsof creep were obtained from various cross-plotsof temperature, strain, time, and stress. Time torupture was also recorded. The creep and rupturedata were analyzed not only with direct crossplots but also with various time-temperature parameters, such as the Larson-Miller, Dorn-Shepperd, and Manson-Haferd parameters.Stress-relaxation measurements were obtained using 0.5 in. (12.5 mm) diameter specimens in accordance with applicable versions ofASTM E 328. The specimens were held at various temperatures under fixed amounts of strainin specially adapted creep machines in which therate of relaxation of stress can be detected by thechange in the force required to maintain the fixedtotal stain. The resultant data from a number oftests were cross-plotted and analyzed, and aver-age lines were constructed to represent the typical behavior.For additional information on standards foraluminum alloys and their applications, pleaserefer to the following: D.G. Altenpohl, Aluminum, Technology, Applications, and Environment, The AluminumAssociation and TMS, 1998 The Aluminum Design Manual, The Aluminum Association, 1994 Aluminum Standards & Data, The AluminumAssociation, 1997Wrought Alloys: 1xxx Pure AlPrincipal characteristics and applications ofthe 1xxx series of aluminum alloys include: Strain hardenability High formability, corrosion resistance, andelectrical conductivity Electrical and chemical applications Representative designations: 1100, 1350 Typical ultimate tensile strength range: 10 to27 ksi (70 to 185 MPa)The 1xxx series represents commercially purealuminum, ranging from the baseline 1100(99.00% min Al) to the relatively purer 1050/1350 (99.50% min Al) and 1175 (99.75% minAl). Some compositions, such as 1350 (formerlyknown as EC) that is used especially for electrical applications, have relatively tight controls onimpurities that provide exceptionally high electrical conductivity.The 1xxx series are strain-hardenable, but theyare not be used where strength is a prime consideration. Rather, the emphasis is on applicationswhere extremely high corrosion resistance,formability, and/or electrical conductivity are required, such as foil and strip for packaging,chemical equipment, tank car or truck bodies,spun hollowware, and elaborate sheet metalwork.

8 / Mechanical Properties1060-O: Typical Tensile PropertiesAt temperature 25100300150350177400205500260600315700370Tensile strengthTime at temperature, h 1001,00010,0000.5101001,00010,000ksiYield 121212Modulus of 18.08.08.08.08.0(a) Average of tensile and compressive moduliSource data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.1060-O: Creep-Rupture and Creep PropertiesTemperatureRupture stressStress at 1.0% creepStress at 0.5% creep8F8CTime under stress, ce data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.Elongation in2 in. (50 mm), %106 7070757575757580808080808585858585 10 69

Wrought Alloys: 1100 / 91100-O: Typical Tensile PropertiesAt temperature 00370Tensile strengthTime at temperature, h 00Yield strengthModulus of elasticity(a)ksiMPaksiMPaElongation in 4D, %106 19.9 77727068 (a) The modulus of elasticity in compression is about 2% greater than in tension.Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.

10 / Mechanical Properties1100-O: Creep-Rupture and Creep 205500260Rupture stressTime under stress, 0000.111010010001000Stress at 1.0% creepStress at 0.5% creepStress at 0.2% creepStress at 0.1% 84.83.93.22.82.54.03.22.72.42.1 75706662595245383026413226221933272219172822191714 2.92.52.33.52.92.52.22.0 70666255524838332823342823201828232017162420171514 02.62.32.13.02.62.32.01.8 66595245413832282522282321191723211816152118161412 62.32.11.92.62.32.01.81.6 55484138343128252321242119171621181614131816141211 Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.

Wrought Alloys: 1100 / 111100-H12: Typical Tensile PropertiesAt temperature 25100300150350177400205500260600315700370Tensile strengthTime at temperature, hksi 02.92.92.92.92.92.12.12.12.12.1Yield lus of 02.01.61.61.61.61.6Elongation in 4D, %106 4040505075757580808080808585858585 10 69 52343428181814141414141111111111(a) Average of tensile and compressive moduliSource data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.1100-H12: Creep-Rupture and Creep ture stressTime under stress, 000Stress at 1.0% creepStress at 0.5% creepStress at 0.2% creepStress at 0.1% 085757066766659524555483829211515151514 109.07.56.55.57.05.03.82.82.010510510510595 706252453848342619141515151414 9.58.06.55.54.66.04.33.02.21.51051051059595 665545383241302115101514131211 8.56.04.53.53.04.62.92.01.51.210595908575 5941312421322014108.01412119.58.0 6.04.12.82.11.63.01.81.31.00.99585756655 41281914112112976Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.

12 / Mechanical Properties1100-H14: Typical Tensile PropertiesAt temperature 00370Tensile strengthTime at temperature, h 202020201414141414(a) The modulus of elasticity in compression is about 2% greater than in tension.Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.Yield 2721231818181814141414141111111111Modulus of elasticity(a)Elongation in 4D, %106 2626262828306065357575757580808080808585858585 11.110.410.19.9 77727068

Wrought Alloys: 1100 / 131100-H14: Creep-Rupture and Creep ture stressTime under stress, 000Stress at 1.0% creepStress at 0.5% creepStress at 0.2% creepStress at 0.1% 590857090857562487062452921 12119.07.04.59.06.03.42.21.6 85756248316241231511 12107.55.53.97.54.22.41.51.1 8570523827522917108.0 107.55.03.82.64.82.51.51.0 70523426183317107.0 7.55.03.22.01.33.01.61.0 523422149.021117.0 Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.

14 / Mechanical Properties1100-H18: Typical Tensile PropertiesAt temperature 425Tensile strengthTime attemperature, h 010,000100,000 Yield strengthModulus of elasticity(a)ksiMPaksiMPaElongationin 4D, %24262524 212121212121 2.12.12.12.11.5165180170165 145145145145145145 2322 191919191919 1.61.61.61.61.61.3180160160150 130130130130130130 18181818181414141414141111111111119.030161515 151515151515 757575757580808080808085858585858590(a) The modulus of elasticity in compression is about 2% greater than in tension.Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.At room temperature after heatingTensile strengthYield strength106 psiGPaksiMPaksiMPa 9.9 68 12 85908585858585858585858585 .53.53.53.53.53.53.53.53.5 424282424242424242424242424 Elongationin 4D, % 50

Wrought Alloys: 1100 / 151100-H18: Creep-Rupture and Creep 205450230500260Rupture stressTime under stress, ,0000.11101001,000Stress at 1.0% creepStress at 0.5% creepStress at 0.2% creepStress at 0.1% .51.35.52.81.71.21.03.52.21.6 2.52.01.5 .03819128.07.0241511 171410 2018161411129.05.03.31.91.31.09.55.02.41.41.0 6.52.81.61.10.93.81.81.21.00.82.41.7 2.21.4 140125110957585623423139.07.0663417107.0 4519118.06.026128.07.06.01712 1510 Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.1100-H112 One Sample of 1 in. (25 mm) Plate: Tensile Properties1100-H112 One Sample of 1 in. (25 mm)Plate: Stress-Relaxation PropertiesAt temperature Time attemperature, h7521230025100150 lus ofelasticity(a)MPaElongationin 4D, %10 psiGPa6662553744699.9 68 (a) The modulus of elasticity in compression is about 2% greater than in tension.Source data are in English units; metric values are converted and rounded.68F8C7525212100300150Stress relaxationTime understrain, 00Loss instress(a), %121927374636445365815461697787(a) Stressed in tension to 60% of the tensile yield strength at thestressing temperature. Strain held constant during exposure.

ASM International is the society for materials engineers and scientists, aworldwide network dedicated to advancing industry, technology, andapplications of metals and materials.ASM International, Materials Park, Ohio, USAwww.asminternational.orgThis publication is copyright ASM International . All rights reserved.Publication titleProduct codeProperties of Aluminum Alloys: Tensile, Creep and Fatigue Data at High andLow Temperatures06813GTo order products from ASM International:Online Visit www.asminternational.org/bookstoreTelephone 1-800-336-5152 (US) or 1-440-338-5151 (Outside US)Fax 1-440-338-4634MailCustomer Service, ASM International9639 Kinsman Rd, Materials Park, Ohio 44073, USAEmail Cust-Srv@asminternational.orgAmerican Technical Publishers Ltd.27-29 Knowl Piece, Wilbury Way, Hitchin Hertfordshire SG4 0SX, United KingdomIn EuropeTelephone: 01462 437933 (account holders), 01462 431525 (credit card)www.ameritech.co.ukNeutrino Inc.In Japan Takahashi Bldg., 44-3 Fuda 1-chome, Chofu-Shi, Tokyo 182 JapanTelephone: 81 (0) 424 84 5550Terms of Use. This publication is being made available in PDF format as a benefit to members and customers of ASMInternational. You may download and print a copy of this publication for your personal use only. Other use and distribution isprohibited without the express written permission of ASM International.No warranties, express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particularpurpose, are given in connection with this publication. Although this information is believed to be accurate by ASM, ASMcannot guarantee that favorable results will be obtained from the use of this publication alone. This publication is intended foruse by persons having technical skill, at their sole discretion and risk. Since the conditions of product or material use areoutside of ASM's control, ASM assumes no liability or obligation in connection with any use of this information. As with anymaterial, evaluation of the material under end-use conditions prior to specification is essential. Therefore, specific testingunder actual conditions is recommended.Nothing contained in this publication shall be construed as a grant of any right of manufacture, sale, use, or reproduction, inconnection with any method, process, apparatus, product, composition, or system, whether or not covered by letters patent,copyright, or trademark, and nothing contained in this publication shall be construed as a defense against any allegedinfringement of letters patent, copyright, or trademark, or as a defense against liability for such infringement.

8F 8C Time under stress, h ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa ksi MPa 75 25 0.1 13 90 11 75 10 70 9.5 66 8.0 55 1 12 85 10 70 9.5 66 8.5 59 7.0 48 10 12 85 9.5 66 9.0 62 7.5 52 6.0 41 100 11 75 9.0 62 8.0 55 6.5 45 5.5 38 1000 11 75 8.5 59 7.5 52 6.0 41 5.0 34 212 100 0.1 11 75 7.5 52

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