Dolores Dolores RubiaRubia - Child Protection Network
withandpresentSimultaneous Symposium 7:Online Child Abuse (Part IIA):IIA):Effective Aftercare of Survivors of AbuseTokyo Room, 2nd level Marco Polo Plaza1:30 – 5:00 PMDolores RubiaModerator Supervising Social Worker, Child Protection Unit, UP-PGHPart-time Faculty Member, Asian Social InstituteTrained family therapist / Member / Resource Person, Society of FilipinoFamily Therapists (2004-present)Board Member, Speed the Light Foundation, Inc. (2011-present)Board Member, Sun for All Children Foundation, Inc. (1995 – present)Holds the following academic degrees: Master of Science in Social Workat the Asian Social Institute (2002); Bachelor of Science in Social Workat Colegio de Sta. Isabel, Naga City (1989)Currently completing her PhD in Clinical Psychology at UP Diliman
ONLINE SEXUALEXPLOITATION OFCHILDREN:EFFECTIVE AFTERCAREFOR SURVIVORSOBJECTIVESAt the end of the session, the participants will beable to:1. Describe promising practices from traditionaltrafficking and abuse and how they apply to survivorsof online sexual exploitation;2. Describe the short- and long-term emotional andpsychosocial impact of online sexual exploitation; and3. Describe trauma informed interventions in theaftercare of survivors of online sexual exploitation.Program1:30 – 1:45pmINTRODUCTION1:45 – 2:00pmThe Cebu Experience: Providing Aftercare to Survivors of OSECDr. Nemia C. Antipala2:00 – 2:40pmApplying Lessons Learned from Working with Survivors of HumanTrafficking for Commercial Sexual ExploitationMs. Ann Knapp, MSW2:40 – 3:20pmEmotional and Psychosocial Impact of Online Sexual ExploitationMs. Anamabel Garcia, MA3:20– 3:30pmBREAK3:30 – 4:15 pmImportance of Trauma Informed ApproachesDr. Jose Andres Sotto4:15 – 4:25pmREACTION4:25 – 4:45pmOPEN FORUM4:45 – 5:00pmSummary of Salient PointsEvaluationDr. Clara Nemia AntipalaThe Cebu Experience: Providing Aftercare to Survivors of OSEC Director of Aftercare, International Justice Mission – Cebu Former Assistant Regional Director for Operations, DSWD 7 Holds the following academic degrees: Doctor in PublicAdministration, Cebu Normal University (2008); Master ofScience in Social Work, University of Southern Philippines,Cebu (1995); Bachelor of Arts in Psychology, University ofSan Carlos, Cebu City, Philippines (1974)
Case Study: ProvidingAftercare to Survivors ofOSEC in CebuDr. Nemia AntipalaDirector of Aftercare, IJM CebuCase Study: Major Impact ofOSEC on Survivors Confused sense of right and wrong Attachment issues TraumaChallenges in ProvidingAftercare during RescueChallenges in ProvidingAftercare Post-Rescue Reducing trauma of rescue Lack of appropriate protective placements Providing developmentally appropriateinformation to survivors Protecting survivors’ privacy Shelters Foster Care Lack of expert care to manage trauma symptoms Permanency planning Engagement in legal case
Primary Needs of theSurvivors Safe, trauma informed placement optionsimmediate post-rescue Structure and return to normalcy Return to a routine Continuation of schooling Strong trauma services Long-term care optionsAnn Knapp, MSWApplying Lessons Learned from Working with Survivors ofHuman Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Exploitation Director of Aftercare Development, Philippines for International JusticeMission, from July 2013 to present, supporting IJM Field Offices in thePhilippines in providing aftercare services to survivors of commercialsexual exploitation and child sexual abuse and collaborating with partnersto develop trauma informed systems serving survivors in a variety ofcontextsHolds the following academic degrees: Bachelor of Science in HumanDevelopment and Family Studies from the University of Illinois; Master ofSocial Work from Arizona State University; and Certificate in Global MentalHealth: Trauma and Recovery through the Harvard Program in RefugeeTrauma/Harvard Medical School Department of Continuing EducationPediatric Social Worker at Cardon Children’s Medical Center in Mesa,Arizona from May 2007-May 2009, participating in a multidisciplinary teamto address the psychosocial needs of hospitalized children and theirfamilies and responded to cases of suspected child abuseAftercare Fellow, IJM Mumbai in Mumbai, India from June 2009-June 2010as an Aftercare Fellow, aiding in the design and implementation ofAftercare programs for survivors of commercial sexual exploitationAftercare Training and Research Development Specialist, IJM Headquartersfrom August 2010-July 2013, developing training resources for IJM fieldoffice Aftercare staff in 15 field offices and contributed to the design,monitoring and evaluation of IJM Aftercare programs globallyApplying Lessons Learnedfrom Working with Survivorsof Traditional Trafficking andAbuseKey PointsAnn Knapp, MSWDirector of Aftercare Development, IJM Philippines3. Discuss steps in preparing to apply lessons withsurvivors of online sexual exploitation ofchildren.1. Compare traditional trafficking and OSEC;2. Review of best practices working with survivorsof traditional trafficking; and
Comparison: TraditionalTrafficking and OSEC Distinct ProductPromising AftercarePractices for Survivors ofCSEC1. Trauma informed approaches Distinct Consumers2. Victim-friendly processing centers Distinct Providers/Abusers3. Holistic assessment Distinct Victims4. Outcomes-based case management5. Strong community-based servicesContinuum of AftercareTrauma Informed ApproachesRescue tersAssessmentRecovery & ReintegrationTrauma InformedApproachesConcept: A framework for how organizations and individual serviceproviders think about and respond to survivors of traumabased on an understanding of the prevalence of trauma,its impact on survivors, and the complex path to sed CaseManagementStrong CommunityBased Services Use of universal precautions Appropriate screening for trauma exposure Commitment to evidenced-based practicesResources: SAMHSA’s National Center for Trauma Informed Care National Child Traumatic Stress Network
Victim-Sensitive ProcessingCentersConcept:A safe place for survivors to go immediately upon removal froma situation of abuse and/or exploitation wherein they canstabilize and provide statements in a private, comfortable spaceKey Considerations: Child-friendly space Transparency/provision of information Developmentally appropriate victim interviewing Confidentiality and sensitive handling of materialsResources: Philippines: HerSPACE, Cebu & Survivor Center, Manila Cambodia: World Hope International Assessment CenterHolistic AssessmentConcept:The act of gathering information or data at a given moment of timeand evaluating it for the purpose of making an appropriate decisionabout a course of actionKey Considerations: Individual Assessment Family Assessment Home Assessment Community AssessmentResources: The Child Recovery and Reintegration Network Specific Tools: UCLA PTSD Index, PTAQOutcomes-Based CaseManagementStrong CommunityBased ServicesConcept:Concept:A collaborative, multidisciplinary process which plans,implements, coordinates, monitors and evaluates options andservices to meet an individual’s needs through communicationand available resources to promote quality, effective outcomesKey Considerations: Protection, Mental Wellbeing & Trauma Recovery, SupportSystem, Economic Empowerment, Health, and HousingResources Handbook on Direct Assistance to Victims of Trafficking, IOM Caring for Child Survivors of Sexual Abuse, IRC Hands that Heal, Faith Alliance Against Slavery and TraffickingBuilding supportive, protective mechanisms in the areas wheresurvivors returnKey Considerations: Empowered decision making Family services Community education System for follow-upResources: The Child Recovery and Reintegration Network Reintegration Support Networks
Review of PromisingPracticesPreparing to Work withSurvivors of OSEC1. Trauma informed approaches Developing core competencies2. Victim-friendly processing centers3. Holistic assessment4. Outcomes-based case management5. Strong community-based servicesALL APPLICABLE TO SURVIVORS OF OSEC Trauma Informed Care Assessment Forensic interviewing Child development Trauma-informed therapy Family therapy Case management Managing challenging behaviors Resource mapping Forum for shared learning to adapt approachesAnamabel Garcia,MAEmotional and Psychosocial Impact of Online Sexual Exploitation Director of Aftercare, International Justice Mission (IJM), Pampanga FieldOffice (2013-present)Part-time Professor on Women and Psychology (graduate studies) and onIntroduction to Women Studies (College level), St. Scholastica’s College,Manila (2011-2014)Part-time Professor on Summer Classes on Handling Abused Women andChildren in the Institute of Formation and Religious Studies, Quezon City(2006-2013)Attended an Asia- Pacific Expert Consultative Meeting on Due Diligence inPenang, Malaysia (2012)Officer-In-Charge, Women’s Crisis Center, Manila (2010)Counselor specializing in counseling abused women and children‘Women Who Care’ Awardee by Triumph International given last October17, 2002 in recognition to long years of giving psychological & emotionalhelp to abused women and childrenPresented a Paper on Feminist Counseling in the Philippines during theWorkshop on Counseling for Violence Against Women (VAW) Survivors inSeoul, South Korea, 1998Took up Women and Development Course for Master’s Degree in theUniversity of the Philippines, Quezon CityFinished AB Psychology in Philippine Christian University, ManilaEmotional and PsychosocialImpact of Online SexualExploitation of ChildrenAnamabel U. Garcia, MADirector of Aftercare, IJM Pampanga
Key Ideas Forms of OSEC “Push” factors creating vulnerability to OSEC Unique challenges of providing care to survivorsof OSEC Emotional and psychosocial impact of OSECForms of OSEC Instigator Child-arranged Family-run Professionally run Type of Abuse “Show-show” Individual sexual behaviors Sex acts with othersPush Factors Poverty/financial problemsChild’s sense of duty to familyHistory of abuse/neglectNegative peer influenceLack of information about the negative impact ofthe crimeUnique Challenges ofProviding Care toSurvivors of OSEC Insufficient empirical research Familial involvement Community compliance Potential of survivor having also perpetratedagainst another child Continual risk of re-traumatization
Traumagenics in theFilipino ContextImpact of OSEC:EmotionalStigmatization Post-Traumatic Stress Child’s feelings that are shaped by how they perceive othersthink about themBetrayal Broken trust relationshipPowerlessness Sense of helplessness in making the abuse stop or managingfeelings or outcomes after the abuse Complex trauma Feelings of guilt and shame Feeling “dirty” Hyper-arousalTraumatic sexualization Inappropriate nature of what the child learned about sexdue to the abuse which can lead to misusing sex for loveand attention or associating sex with punishmentImpact of OSEC:PsychosocialImpact of OSEC:Psychosocial, continued Confusion over “right” and “wrong” Isolation/withdrawal Rationalization of abuse and numbing of feelings Relationships/attachment Distorted view of sexuality Lost sense of safety Sexualized behaviors Education delays Self-destructive behaviors
Long-term Impact ofOSECSummary Increased vulnerability to abuse later in life Significant negative impacts of OSEC Psychological consequences Hope of resiliency AttachmentDr. José Andrés SottoImportance of Trauma Informed ApproachesDAGHANG SALAMAT SA INYONGTANAN!!! Consultant for Aftercare Development, IJM Practicing Trauma Therapist and PastoralCounselor Special Areas of Study: MaleVictims/Survivors of Sexual Abuse andBurnout Among Human Service Workers Certified Suicidologist, USA and Canada Trainer, Trauma-Informed Care and TraumaInformed Psychotherapy
The Importance of TraumaInformed ApproachesDr. Jose Andres SottoAftercare Development Consultant, IJM PhilippinesKey Points Foundations of trauma informed care Challenges in serving survivors of OSEC Domains of restoring attachment Examples of trauma informed approachesFoundations of TraumaInformed CareThe Child’s PrimaryAttachment System1. Know that healing begins in relationships. Healing begins in a meaningful relationship.2. Recognize that all behavior has meaning. The child’s primary attachment system providesthe security and safety for the child’sdevelopment of requisite competencies forhealthy living.3. Understand symptoms are adaptations.4. Seek to comfort not control.5. Build on strengths not weaknesses.Trauma informed care is not a clinicalapproach, it is a way of being. In cases of sexual exploitation, the child-victim’sprimary attachment system is severelycompromised.
Complex TraumaCebu Case Study In most cases, exposure to online sexualexploitation is repetitive and interpersonal,involving intentional acts of other humanbeings.Child-victims of sexual exploitation are leftprofoundly confused and betrayed. The exploitation usually occurs: In many forms; On an ongoing basis; and Imposed on them by individuals with greaterpower, strength, knowledge, and resources. Many perpetrators are, paradoxically andtragically, responsible for their care andwelfare.Complex Trauma andPolyvictimization“Developmentally adverse interpersonal traumas”places the survivor at risk for: Recurrent distress; Psychophysiological arousal; and Interruptions and breakdowns in healthydevelopmental tasksCapacity Building forAftercare ServiceProviders National Trauma Training Program Trauma Informed Care Trauma Informed Philippines Psychotherapy Partnership: DSWDConsuelo Zobel Alger FoundationChild Protection Network, Inc.International Justice Mission
Trauma Informed Care andTrauma InformedPsychotherapyDOMAIN 1: ATTACHMENTCritical Building Blocks TIC Caregiver management of affect NOT a clinical approach, but a way of being. Sets the tone for trauma-informed clinicalinterventions. In many cases, assisting the caregiver in managingher own affect proves to be the initial traumaintervention. TIPP A model of psychotherapy for trauma survivors,based on evidenced based research and practices,consisting of five inter-linked components carriedout over a 12-week period. Specifically designed for trauma survivors who arein a safe place (away from their perpetrators) AttunementDOMAIN 2:SELF-REGULATIONSELF-REGULATION:Critical Building Blocks Self-regulation targets a child’s ability to identify,modulate, and express his or her internalexperience Affect Identification Impaired self-regulation is a key feature amongchildren exposed to complex trauma Consistent, victim-centered approaches Structure: Routines and rituals Children build a vocabulary for their emotionalexperience and understanding the connectionbetween emotions and precipitating events. Modulation Targets children’s ability to tune into, tolerate, andsustain a connection to internal states. Affect Expression Works to increase a child’s ability to identify saferesources and communicate emotional experience
DOMAIN 3: COMPETENCY Child’s ability to acquire the foundational skills forongoing development. Children who experience complex trauma findthemselves investing their energy into theirphysiological and emotional survival rather than inthe development of age-appropriate competencies. Two key principles:COMPETENCY:Critical Building Blocks Executive Functions to increase the child’s abilityto effectively engage in problem solving, planning,and anticipation. Self-development and identity targets thedevelopment of a sense of self that is unique andpositive and incorporates experiences from thepast and present. Use of child-centered play and Embedding the work within an attachmentrelationship.Trauma ExperienceIntegration This component of the treatment process aims tointegrate the range of skills encompassed withinthe attachment, regulation, and competencydomains. It is meant to support children in building acoherent and integrated understanding of self andengage more fully in present life.Components of TraumaInformed PhilippinesPsychotherapyEducationon Trauma& maticMemoriesRelaxation& CopingSafetySkillsTraumaReminders
Summary Importance of sound theories and best practices intrauma recovery Importance of monitoring and evaluation oftreatment interventionsOPEN FORUMREACTIONSUMMARY OFSALIENTPOINTS
withandpresent
Supervising Social Worker, Child Protection Unit, UP-PGH Part-time Faculty Member, Asian Social Institute Trained family therapist / Member / Resource Person, Society of Filipino Family Therapists (2004-present) Board Member, Speed the Light Foundation, Inc. (2011-present) Board Member, Sun for All Children Foundation, Inc. (1995 –present) Holds the following academic .
Minimum standards for child protection in humanitarian action Standards to mainstream child protection in other humanitarian sectors 163 Standard 19 Economic recovery and child protection DGH Standard 20 Education and child protection DHE Standard 21 Health and child protection DIL Standard 22 Nutrition and child protection DIG Standard 23 Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)
Care needed: (check all that apply) Child #1 Child #2 Child #3 Child #4 Child #5 Preferred Location (Zip Code other than home) Full day Part day Evenings Overnight Weekends Special Needs: Child #1 Child #2 Child #3 Child #4 Child #5 Limited English Child Protective Services Severely Handicapped
Child protection Child protection (CP) means the protection of children from violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation. Child sexual abuse The use of a child for sexual gratification by an adult or significantly older child/adolescent or any act which exposes a child to, or involves a child in, sexual processes beyond his or her understanding
The Child Protection in Emergencies Handbook is a product of the Child Protection AoR, formerly known as the Child Protection Working Group (CPWG). While the Child Protection AoR team coordinated the writing and editing, inputs were provided by Child Protection AoR member agencies as well as field-based coordinators.
Child: The United Nations Convention of the Rights of the Child defines a child as a human being younger than 18, unless majority under the law applicable to the child is attained earlier. Child abuse: Child abuse is any deliberate behavior or
HIS MOTHER, DOLORES SOLATANO, dressed in a dress. INT. PSYCHIATRIC FACILITY/HALLWAY - DAY CAMERA TILTS UP OVER A MALE DOCTOR, DR. TIMBERS, AS HE WALKS WITH DOLORES. PAT FOLLOWS. CAMERA MOVES BACK WITH THEM. . HeÕs obsessed with his hair. DOLORESÕS CELL PHONE RINGS. SHE ANSWERS AS SHE DRIVES. DOLORES (into cell phone) Hello? PAT (to Danny .
2. Both Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta were activists. What is an activist? 3. People work together to solve problems. What kinds of problems are best solved through teamwork? 4. Has anyone heard about the United Farm Worker Union/Movement that Dolores and Cesar created working as a team? 5. What is a strike, a march, and a boycott? 6.
Answer a is too narrow to be the implied idea. It is based on only one of the four supporting details, statement 1. b. Answer b covers only statements 2 and 4; therefore it is too narrow to be the implied main idea. In addition, it is a conclusion that is not based on the given facts, which say nothing about one group always being better than another. c. Answer c is a general statement about .
