EMS Instructor Guidance

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OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMS Instructor GuidanceOhio EMS Curriculum Standards (February, 2012)Page 1

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMREMTAEMTPreparatoryUses simple knowledge of theEMS system, safety/well-beingof the EMR, medical/legalissues at the scene of anemergency while awaiting ahigher level of care.Applies fundamental knowledgeof the EMS system, safety/wellbeing of the EMT, medical/legaland ethical issues to theprovision of emergency care.Applies fundamentalknowledge of the EMS system,safety/well-being of theAEMT, medical/legal andethical issues to the provisionof emergency care.EMS SystemsSimple depth, simple breadth EMS systems Roles/ responsibilities/professionalism of EMSpersonnel Quality improvementEMR Material PLUS:Simple depth, foundationalbreadth EMS systems History of EMS Roles/ responsibilities/professionalism of EMSpersonnel Quality improvement Patient safetyEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Quality improvement Patient safetyResearchSimple depth, simple breadth Impact of research on EMRcare Data collectionEMR Material PLUS:Simple depth, simple breadth Evidence-based decisionmakingSame as Previous LevelWorkforce Safetyand WellnessSimple depth, simple breadth Standard safety precautions Personal protective equipment Stress management Dealing with death and dying Prevention of response relatedinjuries Lifting and moving patients Disease transmission Wellness principlesEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Standard safety precautions Personal protectiveequipment Stress management Dealing with deathand dying Prevention of work relatedinjuries Lifting and moving patients Disease transmissionSame as Previous LevelOhio EMS Curriculum StandardsPARAMEDICIntegrates comprehensiveknowledge of EMS systems,the safety/well-being of theparamedic, and medical/legaland ethical issues which isintended to improve the healthof EMS personnel, patients,and the community.AEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth History of EMSComplex depth,comprehensive breadth EMS systems Roles/ responsibilities/professionalism of EMSpersonnel Quality improvement Patient safetyAEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Research principles tointerpret literature andadvocate evidence-basedpracticeAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Provider safety and wellbeing Standard safety precautions Personal protective equipment Stress management Dealing with deathand dying Prevention of work relatedinjuries Lifting and moving patients Disease transmissionPage 2

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMRDocumentationSimple depth, simple breadth Recording patient findingsEMS SystemCommunicationSimple depth, simple breadthCommunication needed to Call for Resources Transfer care of the patient Interact within the teamstructureTherapeutic CommunicationSimple depth, simple breadthPrinciples of communicatingwith patients in a manner thatachieves a positive relationship Interviewing techniquesEMT Wellness principlesEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Principles of medicaldocumentation and reportwritingEMR Material PLUS:Simple depth, simple breadth EMS communication system Communication with otherhealth care professionals Team communication anddynamicsEMR Material PLUS:Simple depth, simple breadthPrinciples of communicatingwith patients in a manner thatachieves a positive relationship Adjusting communicationstrategies for age, stage ofdevelopment, patients withspecial needs, and differingculturesAEMTEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, foundationalbreadth Principles of medicaldocumentation and reportwritingEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth EMS communication system Communication with otherhealth care professionals Team communication anddynamicsEMT Material PLUS:Simple depth, simple breadthPrinciples of communicatingwith patients in a manner thatachieves a positive relationship Dealing with difficult patientsAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthPrinciples of communicatingwith patients in a manner thatachieves a positive relationship Factors that affectcommunication Interviewing techniques Dealing with difficult patients Adjusting communicationstrategies for age, stage ofdevelopment, patients withspecial needs, and differingculturesSame as Previous LevelAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Consent/refusal of care Confidentiality Advanced directives Tort and criminal actions Statutory responsibilitiesFundamental depth,foundational breadth Interviewing techniques Verbal defusing strategies Family presence issuesMedical/Legal and EthicsSimple depth, simple breadth Consent/refusal of care Expressed vs implied consent Confidentiality Advanced directives Tort and criminal actions Evidence preservation Statutory responsibilitiesOhio EMS Curriculum StandardsEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Consent/refusal of care Expressed vs implied consent Advanced directives Tort and criminal actions Evidence preservationPARAMEDIC Wellness principlesAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Principles of medicaldocumentation and reportwritingAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth EMS communication system Communication with otherhealth care professionals Team communication anddynamicsPage 3

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMREMTAEMTPARAMEDIC Do Not Resuscitate [DNR](advance directives) and localor state provisions regardingEMS application. Ohio Do Not ResuscitateComfort Care [DNRCC] lawsor rules and their impact onEMS care. Recognizing and reportingabuse and neglect Ethical principles/moralobligations End-of-life issuesUses simple knowledge of theanatomy and function of theupper airway, heart, vessels,blood, lungs, skin, muscles,and bones as the foundation ofemergency care. Statutory responsibilities Mandatory reporting Ethical principles/moralobligationsApplies fundamentalknowledge of the anatomy andfunction of all human systemsto the practice of EMS.Integrates complex knowledgeof the anatomy and physiologyof the airway, respiratory andcirculatory systems to thepractice of EMS.Integrates a complex depthand comprehensive breadth ofknowledge of the anatomy andphysiology of all humansystemsMedicalTerminologyUses simple medical andanatomical terms.Uses foundational anatomicaland medical terms andabbreviations in written andoral communication withcolleagues and other healthcare professionals.Same as Previous LevelIntegrates comprehensiveanatomical and medicalterminology and abbreviationsinto the written and oralcommunication withcolleagues and other healthcare professionals.PathophysiologyUses simple knowledge ofshock and respiratorycompromise to respond to lifethreats.Applies fundamentalknowledge of thepathophysiology of respirationand perfusion to patientassessment and management.Applies comprehensiveknowledge of thepathophysiology of respirationand perfusion to patientassessment and management.Integrates comprehensiveknowledge of pathophysiologyof major human systems.Life SpanDevelopmentUses simple knowledge of agerelated differences to assessand care for patients.Applies fundamentalknowledge of life spandevelopment to patientassessment and management.Same as Previous LevelIntegrates comprehensiveknowledge of life spandevelopment.Anatomy and PhysiologyOhio EMS Curriculum Standards Mandatory reporting Health care regulation Patient rights/advocacy End-of-life Issues Ethical principles/moralobligations Ethical tests and decisionmakingPage 4

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMREMTAEMTPARAMEDICPublic HealthHave an awareness of localpublic health resources andthe role EMS personnel playin public health emergencies.Uses simple knowledge of theprinciples of illness and injuryprevention in emergency care.Uses simple knowledge of theprinciples of the role of EMSduring public healthemergencies.PharmacologyUses simple knowledge of themedications that the EMRmay self-administer oradminister to a peer in anemergency.Applies fundamentalknowledge of the medicationsthat the EMT mayassist/administer to a patientduring an emergency.Applies to patient assessmentand management fundamentalknowledge of the medicationscarried by AEMTs that maybe administered to a patientduring an emergency.Principles ofPharmacologyNo knowledge related to thiscompetency is applicable atthis level.Simple depth, simple breadth Medication safety Kinds of medications usedduring an emergencyEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth, foundationbreadth Medication safety Medication legislation Naming Classifications Storage and security Autonomic pharmacology Metabolism and excretion Mechanism of action Medication responserelationships Medication interactions ToxicityAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth) Medication safety Medication legislation Naming Classifications Schedules Pharmacokinetics Storage and security Autonomic pharmacology Metabolism and excretion Mechanism of action Phases of medication activity Medication responserelationships Medication interactions ToxicityMedicationAdministrationSimple depth, simple breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMR, how to Self-administer medication Peer-administer medication Patient-assist auto-injectorepinephrine to a patientEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMT how to Assist/administermedications to a patientEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Routes of administration Within the scope of practiceof the AEMT, administermedications to a patientAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Routes of administration Within the scope of practiceof the Paramedic, administermedications to a patientOhio EMS Curriculum StandardsApplies fundamentalknowledge of principles ofpublic health andepidemiology including publichealth emergencies, healthpromotion, and illness andinjury prevention.Page 5

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM mple depth, simple breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMR Names Effects Indications Routes of administration Dosages for the medicationsadministeredEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth, simplebreadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMT Names Actions Indications Contraindications Complications Routes of administration Side effects Interactions Dosages for the medicationsadministeredEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe AEMT Names Actions Indications Contraindications Complications Routes of administration Side effects Interactions Dosages for the medicationsadministeredAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe Paramedic Names Actions Indications Contraindications Complications Routes of administration Side effects Interactions Dosages for the n andArtificialVentilationApplies knowledge(fundamental depth,foundational breadth) ofgeneral anatomy andphysiology to assure a patentairway, adequate mechanicalventilation, and respirationwhile awaiting additionalEMS response for patients ofall ages.Applies knowledge(fundamental depth,foundational breadth) ofgeneral anatomy andphysiology to patientassessment and managementin order to assure a patentairway, adequate mechanicalventilation, and respirationfor patients of all ages.Applies knowledge(fundamental depth,foundational breadth) ofadditional upper airwayanatomy and physiology topatient assessment andmanagement in order toassure a patent airway,adequate mechanicalventilation, and respirationfor patients of all ages.Integrates complex knowledgeof anatomy, physiology, andpathophysiology into theassessment to develop andimplement a treatment planwith the goal of assuring apatent airway, adequatemechanical ventilation, andrespiration for patients of allages.AirwayManagementFundamental depth, simplebreadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMR Airway anatomy Airway assessment Techniques of assuring apatent airwayEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMT Airway anatomy Airway assessment Techniques of assuring apatent airwayEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe AEMT Airway anatomy Airway assessment Techniques of assuring apatent airwayAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe Paramedic Airway anatomy Airway assessment Techniques of assuring apatent airwayOhio EMS Curriculum StandardsPage 6

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMRRespirationEMTFundamental depth, simplebreadth Anatomy of the respiratorysystem Physiology andpathophysiology ofrespiration Pulmonary ventilation Oxygenation Respiration External Internal Cellular Assessment and managementof adequate and inadequaterespiration Supplemental oxygentherapyEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthAnatomy of the respiratorysystem Physiology andpathophysiology ofrespiration Pulmonary ventilation Oxygenation Respiration External Internal Cellular Assessment and managementof adequate and inadequaterespiration Supplemental oxygentherapyArtificialVentilationFundamental depth, simplebreadthAssessment and management ofadequate and inadequateventilation Artificial ventilation Minute ventilation Alveolar ventilation Effect of artificial ventilationon cardiac outputEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthAssessment and management ofadequate and inadequateventilation Artificial ventilation Minute ventilation Alveolar ventilation Effect of artificial ventilationon cardiac outputAssessmentUse scene information andsimple patient assessmentfindings to identify andmanage immediate life threatsand injuries within the scopeof practice of the EMR.Applies scene information andpatient assessment findings(scene size up, primary andsecondary assessment, patienthistory, and reassessment) toguide emergencymanagement.Ohio EMS Curriculum StandardsAEMTEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, foundationalbreadth Anatomy of the respiratorysystemFundamental depth,comprehensive breadth Physiology andpathophysiology ofrespiration Pulmonary ventilation Oxygenation Respiration External Internal Cellular Assessment and managementof adequate and inadequaterespiration Supplemental oxygentherapyEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, foundationalbreadthAssessment and management ofadequate and inadequateventilation Artificial ventilation Minute ventilation Alveolar ventilation Effect of artificial ventilationon cardiac outputSame as Previous LevelPARAMEDICAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthAnatomy of the respiratorysystem Physiology andpathophysiology ofrespiration Pulmonary ventilation Oxygenation Respiration External Internal Cellular Assessment and managementof adequate and inadequaterespiration Supplemental oxygentherapyAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthAssessment and management ofadequate and inadequateventilation Artificial ventilation Minute ventilation Alveolar ventilation Effect of artificial ventilationon cardiac outputIntegrate scene and patientassessment findings withknowledge of epidemiologyand pathophysiology to form afield impression. Thisincludes developing a list ofdifferential diagnoses throughPage 7

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMREMTAEMTPARAMEDICclinical reasoning to modifythe assessment and formulatea treatment plan.Scene Size-UpPrimaryAssessmentHistory TakingComplex depth, comprehensivebreadth Scene safetyFundamental depth,foundational breadth Scene management Impact of the environmenton patient care Addressing hazards Violence Need for additional orspecialized resources Standard precautionsSimple depth, simple breadth Primary assessment for allpatient situations Level of consciousness ABCs Identifying life threats Assessment of vitalfunctions Begin interventions neededto preserve lifeSimple depth, simple breadth Determining the chiefcomplaint Mechanism of injury/natureof illness Associated signs andsymptomsOhio EMS Curriculum StandardsEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Scene management Multiple patient situationsSame as Previous LevelAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Scene management Impact of the environmenton patient care Addressing hazards Violence Multiple patient situationsEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth, simplebreadth Primary assessment for allpatient situations Initial general impression Level of consciousness ABCs Identifying life threats Assessment of vitalfunctions Integration of treatment/procedures needed topreserve lifeEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Investigation of the chiefcomplaint Mechanism of injury/natureof illness Past medical history Associated signs andEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth Primary assessment for allpatient situations Initial general impression Level of consciousness ABCs Identifying life threats Assessment of vitalfunctions Integration of treatment/procedures needed topreserve lifeSame as Previous LevelAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Primary assessment for allpatient situations Initial general impression Level of consciousness ABCs Identifying life threats Assessment of vitalfunctions Integration of treatment/procedures needed topreserve lifeAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth Components of the patienthistory Interviewing techniques How to integrate therapeuticcommunication techniquesand adapt the line of inquiryPage 8

OHIO APPROVED EMS CURRICULUM STANDARDSEMREMTAEMTsymptoms Pertinent negativesPARAMEDICbased on findings andpresentationSecondaryAssessmentSimple depth, simple breadth Performing a rapid full bodyscan Focused assessment of pain Assessment of vital signsEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthTechniques of physicalexamination Respiratory system Presence of breathsounds Cardiovascular system Neurological system Musculoskeletal system All anatomical regionsEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, foundationalbreadthAssessment of Lung soundsAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadthTechniques of physicalexamination for all major Body systems Anatomical regionsMonitoring DevicesSimple depth, simple breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe EMR Obtaining and usinginformation from patientmonitoring devices including(but not limited to): Pulse oximetry Non-invasive bloodpressureEMR Material PLUS:Within the scope of practice ofthe EMT 12 lead ECG set-up andapplication for electronictransmission End tidal carbon dioxidemonitoring and detectionEMT Material PLUS:Within the scope of practice ofthe AEMTSimple depth, simple breadth Obtaining and usinginformation from patientmonitoring devices including(but not limited to): Blood glucosedeterminationReassessmentSimple depth, simple breadth How and when to reassesspatientsEMR Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadth How and when to perform areassessment for all patientsituationsSame as Previous LevelsAEMT Material PLUS:Fundamental depth,foundational breadthWithin the scope of practice ofthe Paramedic Obtaining and usinginformation from patientmonitoring devices including(but not limited to): Continuous ECGmonitoring 12 lead ECGinterpretation Basic blood chemistryAEMT Material PLUS:Complex depth, comprehensivebreadth How and when to perform areassessment for all patientsituationsMedicineRecognizes and manages lifethreats based on assessmentfindings of a patient with aApplies fundamentalknowledge to provide basicemergency care andApplies fundamentalkno

Applies fundamental knowledge of principles of public health and epidemiology including public health emergencies, health promotion, and illness and injury prevention. Pharmacology Uses simple knowledge of the medications that the EMR may self-administer or administer to a peer in an emergency. Applies fundamental knowledge of the medications

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