LT5 Power Upgrades - Zr1specialist

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LT5 Power UpgradesMarc HaibeckHaibeck Automotive TechnologyAddison, Illinois

4.10 Gear Ratio!!!!!It’s like an engine upgrade!Widens the useful power band of the engine by1000 RPM. The really useful area begins at 3000instead of 4000 RPM18% more torque to the wheels. All of the time!Best performance gain for the dollar costExcellent for drag racing. The car goes throughthe lights at about 6400 RPM in 4th gear.A good foundation for all future engine upgrades

Dana gear sets run quietly if the propermesh pattern is obtained

Exhaust Systems!The difference between a stock system on a’93 and straight pipes is about 18 HP

!!!!18HP / 5 PSI About 3.5 HP/PSI of back pressurereductionA case in point. The back pressure on a Borla 2.5inch system is 1.5 psi at peak power.5 PSI – 1.5 PSI 3.5 PSI X 3.5 HP/PSI 12 HPThe bottom line is that there is not too much of apower difference between aftermarket exhaustsystems.There is however, a big difference between howthey sound. Let your ears be your guide.

External Temperature Sensor!!!!!Prevents a power lossThe stock temperature sensor location isinfluenced too much by the engine compartmenttemperature. This has little to do with the intakeair temperature at WOT.The temperature at the air filter is the same as theambient temperature at speeds over 15 MPHEliminates most of the sluggishness that besetsLT5’s after a heat soakVery important for drag racers

External in its truest sense

Ambient temperature 60 degrees F

Calibration!!!!Stock calibrations run about 25 degrees of ignitionspark advance. Most stock engines like 28 degreesof spark advance at WOT.The stock calibrations are about half of a pointrich, with the AFR at about 12.3 : 1. 12.8 workswell. Fueling is less sensitive than ignition sparkadvance.The stock calibration tunes the engine well atWOT. Adjusting to 28 degrees of spark advanceand 12.8 AFR might net 10 Ft. Lbs. of torque and10 HP.At light loads, 10 Ft. Lbs. of torque can also beadded by increasing the ignition spark advance

The factory fueling is good up to about 450 HP. This isbecause the fueling is about .6 AFR rich.12.3AFRTypical factory calibration. .1For a low backpressure exhaust system .2For headers .3For top end porting12.8About ideal for best powerFor ported heads and or big cams, fuel needs to be added

Headers! 20 HP 15 Ft. lbs. TorqueRPM: 200030004000500060007000

’90 - ’92 Exhaust Manifold

’93 - ’95 Exhaust Manifold

Camshaft TimingThe camshaft positioning could be out ofspecification if it was not set correctly at thefactory or due to normal wear! The factory adjustment procedure is subjectto a few degrees of variation! As the chain guides wear in, the camshafttiming can retard about 3 degrees!

"Adjustingthe cams is labor intensive. It might notpayoff, because they may be found to be positionedcorrectly."At30K miles, my cams were found to be set to:Intakes: 110 degrees. Should be 114 degrees.Right exhaust: 114 degrees. Should be 110 degrees.Left exhaust: 110 degrees. Out of phase with theothers.This affected the output like this

10 Ft. Lbs. Torque, 8 HP

Top End Porting 35 to 42 HP on ’90 – ’92 engines! 20 to 22 HP on ’93 – ’95 engines! The injector housings, plenum, throttle bodyand air horn are opened up by 15% in area! The stock 33 mm ports 15% 36 mm! The throttle body bores are opened from 59to 63 mm (15%)!

Before and After Top End Porting on a ‘91RPM30004000500060007000366.6 – 330.9 36 WHP36WHP/.85 42 CHP347.6 – 335.5 12 WTQ12WTQ/.85 14 CTQ

A Typical Upgrade PathAn Example of a ’90 350 CI EngineStock with an upgraded exhaust systemand a good generic calibrationAdd headers, 20Add top end porting, 35Add ported cylinder heads, about 50Add camshafts, about 30390 HP410 HP445 HP 495 HP 525 HP

Upgrade Paths’90 - ‘95 Engines’90 - ’92’93 - ‘95Stock with an upgraded exhaust systemand a good generic calibration390 HP 415 HPAdd headers, 20410 HP 435 HPAdd top end porting, 35/20445 HP 455 HPAdd ported cylinder heads, about 50/40 495 HP 495 HPAdd camshafts, about 30 525 HP 525 HP

Upgrades Sorted by Power’90 - ’92 der HeadPortingTop EndPortingCamshaftsHeaders

Upgrades Sorted By Cost 5,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 2,800 3,000 2,000 1,700 1,000 0HeadersTop EndPortingCylinderHead PortingIndividually InstalledCamshafts

www.zr1specialist.com630-458-8427

"Adjusting the cams is labor intensive. It might not payoff, because they may be found to be positioned correctly. "At 30K miles, my cams were found to be set to: Intakes: 110 degrees. Should be 114 degrees. Right exhaust: 114 degrees. Should be 110 degrees. Left exhaust: 110 degrees. Out of phase with the others. This affected the output like .

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