To The Rhode Island Coast - RI Coastal Resources .

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Public Accessto the Rhode Island CoastA guide to parks, wildliferefuges, beaches, fishingsites, boat ramps, pathways,and views along the RhodeIsland coast1

Block IslandAdditional copies of this publication are available from the Rhode Island Sea Grant Communications Office, University ofRhode Island Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882-1197. Order P1696.Loan copies of this publication are available from the National Sea Grant Library, Pell Library Building, University of RhodeIsland Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882-1197. Order RIU-H-04-001.This publication is sponsored by R.I. Coastal Resources Management Council, by Rhode Island Sea Grant under NOAA GrantNo. NA 16RG1057, and by the University of Rhode Island Coastal Resources Center. The views expressed herein are those of theauthors and do not necessarily reflect the views of CRMC, CRC, or NOAA or any of its sub-agencies. The U.S. Government isauthorized to produce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation that may appearhereon.Sustainable Coastal Communities Report #4404This document should be referenced as:Allard Cox, M. (ed.). 2004. Public Access to the Rhode Island Coast. Rhode Island Sea Grant. Narragansett, R.I. 84pp.Designer: Wendy Andrews-Bolster, Puffin EnterprisesPrinted on recycled paperRhode IslandISBN #0-938412-45-0Please NoteOf all the hundreds of potential public coastal access sites to the shoreline, including street ends and rights-of-way, thisguide represents a selection of sites that are both legally available and suitable for use by the public. This guide is not a legaldocument; it is simply intended to help the public find existing access sites to the coast. As of winter 2003–04, all descriptions areaccurate to the best of our knowledge. Each site was visited and descriptions verified to the best of our ability. However,inaccuracies may still exist in the text, since conditions are constantly changing and more sites are being adopted and managedfor public use.Please send comments to: Monica Allard Cox, Rhode Island Sea Grant, University of Rhode Island Graduate School ofOceanography, Narragansett, RI 02882.2

Public Accessto the Rhode Island CoastWritten byRhode Island Sea GrantCoastal Resources CenterUniversity of Rhode Island1

AcknowledgementsThis second edition of Public Access to the Rhode Island Coast is updated from Lee, V. and P. Pogue.1993. Public Access to the Rhode Island Coast. Rhode Island Sea Grant, Narragansett, R.I. 75pp.I would like to thank Adam Zitello who, as a University of Rhode Island (URI) Coastal Fellow, visited thesites and photographed and catalogued them. His work was instrumental in capturing the breadth of information included in this guide. I would also like to thank Kevin Cute, Marine Resources Specialist, R.I. CoastalResources Management Council, who, with tireless advocacy for public access to the coast, has helped tomake this guide as inclusive and accurate as possible.Special thanks goes to Wendy Andrews-Bolster for her many hours of painstaking work in designingthis guide to be both beautiful and usable.I also gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the following people in providing content and/or reviewingsite listings and maps for accuracy. Tom Ardito, Narragansett Bay Estuary ProgramKim Botelho, R.I. Department of Environmental ManagementTheresa BurkeDavid Byrnes, R.I. Saltwater Anglers AssociationCarl G. Carvell, Weekapaug Fire DistrictMichael Cassidy, Pawtucket Department of Planning and RedevelopmentMarilyn Cohen, North Kingstown Department of PlanningBetsy de Leiris, Norman Bird SanctuaryJames W. Farley, The Mount Hope TrustCharlie Festa, University of Rhode IslandLynn Furney, City of CranstonArthur Ganz, R.I. Department of Environmental ManagementDan Geagan, City of WarwickRobert Gilstein, Town of PortsmouthGeoff Grout, R.I. Economic Development CorporationWilliam Haase, Town of WesterlyCharlotte Johnson, Rose Island LighthouseRichard Kerbel, North Kingstown Harbor Management CommissionBob Kilmarx, Barrington Conservation Land TrustMil Kinsella-Sullivan, Common Fence Point Improvement AssociationKaren LaChance, R.I. Economic Development CorporationEugenia Marks, Audubon Society of Rhode IslandSteve Medeiros, R.I. Saltwater Anglers AssociationDon Minto, Watson FarmBob Moeller, R.I. Saltwater Anglers AssociationLarry Mouradjian, R.I. Division of Parks and RecreationNorth Light, Block IslandBill Mulholland, Pawtucket Parks and Recreation DepartmentLisa Nolan, Southeast Lighthouse FoundationAndrew Nota, Narragansett Parks and Recreation DepartmentJohn O’Brien, R.I. Department of Environmental Management Division of Fish and WildlifeBecky Pellerin, Town of North KingstownMichael Rubin, Rhode Island Special Assistant to the Attorney GeneralBob Rutkiewicz, Warren Conservation CommissionLee Schisler, Audubon Society of Rhode IslandFrances Segerson, R.I. Department of TransportationRaymond Sousa, Town of BarringtonLori Urso, Wood-Pawcatuck Watershed AssociationLee Whitaker, Town of East GreenwichTim Wolken, Town of South KingstownSandra Wyatt, Barrington Conservation Land TrustAnd thanks to Rhode Island Sea Grant staff for their assistance in preparation of this guide. Maps wereadapted from base maps provided for the first edition by the URI Environmental Data Center.—Monica Allard Cox, EditorRhode Island Sea Grant Communications2

Table of ContentsCoastlinesIntroduction . 4Public Access: A Tradition of Value . 5How to Use This Guide . 6Saltwater SportfishingLaws and Licensing. 7Safety Tips . 7Fall Fishing in South County . 8Coastal Birding in Rhode Island . 10The Wood and Pawcatuck Rivers . 15Narragansett Bay . 20Ninigret Pond . 21Surfing in Rhode Island . 25Designing Providence’s Riverfront Revival . 44A Century of Change:Providence Harbor Shorelines . 45Bringing Back the Blackstone . 46Salt Marsh . 52Osprey . 58The Quahog . 64Narragansett Bay NationalEstuarine Research Reserve . 65American Holly . 74Piping Plover . 74CRMC’s Public Right-of-Way Process . 80Public Access Locations . 9Block Island . 11Westerly . 15Charlestown . 19South Kingstown. 19Continues on page 26Narragansett . 19Jamestown . 31North Kingstown . 31Continues on page 38East Greenwich . 37Warwick . 37Cranston . 43Providence . 43Pawtucket . 43East Providence . 43Barrington . 53Warren . 53Bristol . 59Portsmouth . 65Continues on page 70Tiverton . 65Continues on page 70Little Compton . 69Middletown . 69Newport . 75Block IslandCRMC Rights-of-Way . 82Index . 833

IntroductionRhode Island is richly endowed with a magnificent shoreline. Access to this shore is an essential part ofthe heritage of the people of the Ocean State. As a consequence of a long tradition of a variety of commercialuses of the shore, combined with forward-looking government policy to purchase coastal open space for public use,Rhode Island has a multitude of coastal access areas. This is a guide to 344 popular public access sites chosen from themany hundreds that exist. It is a guide to the variety of different kinds of access and recreational opportunities theyprovide, whether you wish to launch a boat on the Bay, swim at the ocean beaches, picnic at coastal parks, photographducks during fall migration, or seek solace and solitude along the shore.Sites chosen for this guide are either (1) owned by federal, state, or municipal government andmanaged for the public, (2) owned by private organizations who welcome the public, or (3) rights-of-waythat have been officially designated by the R.I. Coastal Resources Management Council (CRMC) and aresuitable for public use.There are, of course, many opportunities for wonderful experiences on ourcoastal waters that are not in this guide. For instance, manypopular commercial operations are not included, andevery city street that ends at the shore is notincluded.4

Public Access: A Tradition of ValueThe value of safeguarding access to the shoreline has along history in Rhode Island, reflected in the names of favoritesites.1 Places that were special to the Indians, such asMisquamicut (red fish or salmon) and Matunuck (lookout), arenow state beaches. Neighborhood rights-of-way or street endsstill provide access to the Kickemuit River (source of water),Apponaug Cove (place of oysters), Sakonnet (place of blackgeese), and the Woonasquatucket River (as far as the tide goes).Pettaquamscutt Rock (round rock), site of one of the earlypurchases of land from the Narragansett sachems by Britishcolonists, still offers a lofty view of the Narrow River and themouth of Narragansett Bay. At the head of Narragansett Bay inPawtucket (at the falls) is the Slater Mill, where the power ofwater was first harnessed by Samuel Slater to drive textilemachinery, and where the American Industrial Revolution began.For the colonists, access to the shore was also essential: forfishing—a source of food and income—for transportation beforethe highways were constructed (South Ferry, Fogland Point Ferry),for pasturing animals (Ram Point, Hog Island), and for gatheringseaweed to fertilize crops. Many rights-of-way originated as“driftways”—areas used seasonally for gathering seaweed thathad drifted onto shore and carting it away to spread overfarmlands. Stinky Beach, so called because of the abundance ofrotting seaweed that once collected there, is located just north ofScarborough Beach, one of the most popular state beaches today.Access to the shore was crucial for the rise of maritimecommerce. Some of the lighthouses that were essential beaconsfor safe shipping now mark favorite access sites on Block Island,Watch Hill, Point Judith, and Beavertail. Ida Lewis Rock in Newport Harbor is named for the lighthouse keeper who became anational heroine for her decades of courageous service to theships and sailors of Newport. At Point Judith, the stone breakwaters, now often lined with fishermen, were originally constructedas a harbor of refuge for the thousands of sailing ships andsteamboats that passed the point each year.The importance of coastal access for transportation is stillevident in the stone piers of Jamestown Harbor and of South FerryRoad in Narragansett that were former ferry landings. For over 200years before the bridges were built, these ferries and others werethe highway links across the Bay. The ferry from Bristol toPrudence Island has provided continuous service since the 1700s.Shoreline access has also been critical for military defense.Forts and staging areas were constructed along our coast forevery major war in our history. These fortifications have beenturned to public use by the federal government and have becomesome of the most popular public parks: Fort Adams in Newport,Fort Wetherill and Fort Getty in Jamestown, and the gun emplacements at Fort Greene in Narragansett, now part of Fishermen’sMemorial Park.extend from mean high water three miles out to sea. Above meanhigh water, land and resources can be, and often are, privatelyowned.Access along the shore has been a common expectation andlegal right for generations of Rhode Islanders. Trespassing acrossprivate property to reach the shore, however, is illegal. Since mostwaterfront property in Rhode Island is privately owned, thoseseeking to reach the shore without trespassing must rely on thevarious public lands and access ways that dot the coast.Public and Private RightsWhat You Can DoThe shoreline can be defined as that part of the shore that isregularly covered by the tide. It is considered by common law tobe public land, held in trust for the public by the state. Each statehas a different interpretation of what activities the public has aright to pursue in these areas. The Rhode Island Constitutionspecifically protects citizens’ rights to fish from the shore, togather seaweed, to leave the shore to swim in the sea, and to walkalong the shore. In Rhode Island, state waters of public domainConcerned about public access to the shore? Your involvement is important. If you believe that you know the location of apotential right-of-way or have any information that can assistCRMC at any point in the designation process, please contactCRMC at (401) 222-2476.Role of CRMCAs trustee of Rhode Island’s coastal resources and inaccordance with state and federal statutory mandates, CRMC has aresponsibility to ensure that public access to the shore is protected,maintained, and, where possible, enhanced for the benefit of all.CRMC recognizes that well-designed and maintained publicaccess sites and improvements to existing public access sites canenhance the value of adjacent properties. In addition, properlydesigned, maintained, and marked public access facilities, including adequate parking areas, can reduce the pressures for useof or infringement upon adjacent properties.Certain activities that require the private use of public trustresources to the exclusion of other public uses necessarily impactpublic access. In general, these activities include commercial,industrial, and residential developments and redevelopmentprojects, or activities that involve filling and/or building on or overtidal waters. This would also include the construction of structuralshoreline protection facilities.Projects involving the alteration of coastal areas, includingthose that affect public rights-of-way to the coast, require permitsfrom CRMC. CRMC requires applicants to provide, where appropriate, access of a similar type and level to that which is beingimpacted as the result of a proposed activity or developmentproject. Once projects receive council approval with public accesscomponents, these projects are eligible for limited liability protection under R.I.G.L. 32-6-5(c). Projects seeking council approvalshould also follow the general public access guidelines. For moreinformation, visit the CRMC website at www.crmc.state.ri.us.Role of the R.I. Department of EnvironmentalManagementThe R.I. Department of Environmental Management (RIDEM)oversees the management, including maintenance and acquisition,of state parks and beaches. RIDEM also oversees the managementof open space bond money for state or municipal acquisition and/ordevelopment of various coastal open space areas. RIDEM maintainsboat ramps for fishing access to salt and fresh waters statewide.1Wright, M.I. and R.J. Sullivan. 1982. The Rhode Island Atlas. Rhode IslandPublications Society, Providence, R.I. 240 pp.5

How to Use This GuideKey to Primary UsesPublic ParkPath to ShorehBoatingBeach withLifeguardsSFWildlife RefugeScenic ViewHiking/WalkingHistoric§FishingFerryThis guide is designed to help you locate some of the different types of public accessto the Rhode Island shore. The sites vary from small dirt paths that lead to fishing spots onthe shore to local community parks, beaches, and state facilities managed for publicrecreation; from national wildlife refuges to privately held conservation lands that providean opportunity for nature study.This guide is divided into six geographic regions starting with Block Island, continuingaround the state’s coast from the south shore beach area to the harbors of the West Bayand Jamestown, to the urban shoreline of the Providence and Seekonk rivers in the upperBay, to the East Bay, including the Sakonnet River and Mount Hope Bay, and ending atNewport. Insert maps of larger scale are provided for Newport, Bristol, Portsmouth, andBarrington.Each region is color-coded and has a map with sequentially numbered sites and adescription of each coastal access site and its facilities. Because the sites are dividedgeographically, some towns listings are divided. See the table of contents to find all townlistings. Rights-of-way designated by CRMC are listed at the back of the guide. The moresuitable of these sites appear on the maps of this guide.It is expected that changes will occur after this information is compiled, as a result ofchanges in maintenance and use. The authors and publisher are not responsible for thesechanges.Block Island Boat Basin6

Saltwater Sportfishing Laws and LicensingInformation is available from the RIDEM website at: www.state.ri.us/dem/. A pamphleton general recreational and commercial fishing laws is available from the RIDEM Division ofFish and Wildlife by calling (401) 423-1920. All marine licenses are issued by RIDEM’slicensing section, 235 Promenade St., Providence, RI 02908, or call (401) 222-6647.ShellfishingDuring open season, no license is necessary for residents of Rhode Island. Anyresident may take, in any one day during open season (if applicable), not more than a halfbushel each of quahogs, soft-shelled clams, surf clams, oysters, and mussels, and not morethan one bushel of scallops, provided that none of these shellfish be offered for sale. Theholder of a nonresident shellfishing license may take, on any one day, not more than onepeck each of oysters, quahogs, soft-shelled clams, surf clams, or mussels. There is no takingof lobsters, blue crabs, or bay scallops by nonresidents. Licenses are required for lobstersand are only available to residents of Rhode Island. Additional restrictions apply in shellfishmanagement are

And thanks to Rhode Island Sea Grant staff for their assistance in preparation of this guide. Maps were adapted from base maps provided for the first edition by the URI Environmental Data Center. —Monica Allard Cox, Editor Rhode Island Sea Grant Communications North Light, Block Island

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