Techniques For Oscilloscope Calibration - Fluke Cal

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Techniques for OscilloscopeCalibrationUsing either dedicated or multiproduct calibratorsTeleconference:US & Canada Toll Free Dial-In Number: 1-(866) 230-5936International Dial-In Number: 1-720-2395774Conference Code: 1010759559 Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques1

WelcomeGreetings from –Fluke CorporationEverett, Washington, USAWe are very pleased to bring youthis presentation on techniques foroscilloscope calibration. Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques2

WelcomeWelcomeand Thanks!This presentation is based onFluke’s extensive experience with:– Use and design of calibrationinstruments and oscilloscopes– Our experience and understanding ofthe problems faced when performingcalibration of oscilloscopesThanks for your time, we hope youfind it both valuable and useful. Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques3

Presented byFluke’s Precision MeasurementBusiness Unitand Jack SomppiElectrical Calibration InstrumentsProduct Line Managerjack.somppi@fluke.com Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques4

Fluke PrecisionMeasurementWeb Seminar SeriesFor information & reservations toattend our seminars, go towww.fluke.com, click on thesidebar “Events, Seminars &Training”, and click on FPM SeminarSeries selection,or directly go to:www.fluke.com\fpmseminarsOur Seminar Topics Include: Precision Measurement Techniques Oscilloscope Calibration General Metrology Temperature Calibration Metrology Software RF Calibration Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques5

Web seminar etiquette Choice of Audio – VOIP or Teleconference– VOIP receives audio only while teleconferenceis two way sound Don’t mute your phone if you have backgroundmusic enabled Use Q&A or chat to send me questions orrequest clarification There will be an opportunity throughout thediscussion to pause and ask questions. You can view the material using either fullscreen or multi window methods Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques6

Techniques for OscilloscopeCalibrationUsing either dedicated or multiproduct calibrators Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques7

Objectives for today’s session Review the calibrationrequirements of oscilloscopes Examine the basic calibrationtechniques for scopecalibration Study scope calibrationinstrumentation alternatives Consider automation and it’sbenefits Identify additional referencesources for further study Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques8

Benefits with modern scopecalibration Simplify oscilloscope calibration– Allow for full automation– All signals should bethrough single output– Make procedures available Reduce calibration timesReduce cost of ownership–––All functions integrated in a single unitAllow for upgradeability(workloadkeeps changing)Simplify calibrator support Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques9

An Introduction to OscilloscopeCalibration Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques10

Oscilloscope calibration trends Perceived as complex–––––Modular based calibration systemsMultiple outputs means many lead changesHigh skill level requiredTime consuming to calibrateAutomated systems still require manual intervention ISO9000 driven manufacturing systems Newer measurement functions & accuracyrequire formal calibration Increasing bandwidth to 1GHz and beyond Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques11

Oscilloscope calibrationworkload (The Bandwidth Perspective)Installed Base (% Units) 100MHz55% 250MHz30% 250MHz15%Cal’ Workload (% of Base)20% Fluke 2008 FPM40%Oscilloscope Calibration Techniques90%12

Oscilloscope Architectures and what needs to be calibrated Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques13

Analog riggerModeA DelaydXBExtLineLevelsec/cmX-PosTimebase withsawtooth generator Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques14

Digital storage oscilloscope(DSO)AChannel 1DµPMemoryCRT/DisplayAChannel 2DExtTrigger controlOscillatorTimebaseOne A/D for each vertical channelDigital Sampling Scopes use fastsample and hold with slower A/D.- no ALT/CHOP mode- channel skew is a common test Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques15

Digital phosphor rizerDisplayMemoryDisplayµP Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques16

What to calibrate? Vertical Channels– Channel switching– Deflection range and accuracy– Bandwidth, pulse response and risetime Horizontal Channels– Timebase accuracy including delay, magnificationand jitter– Trigger functions– X-Axis deflection accuracy and X-Y phasing Internal calibration signalsCursors and measurement readoutsZ-Axis bandwidth Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques17

Vertical channel accuracy Insure the voltageamplitude is measured& displayed e Fluke 2008 FPMAppliedDC VoltageOscilloscope Calibration Techniques18

Vertical channels verificationNumber of measurements for averagingmeasurementfunction Vpptypical frequency 1kHzDSOanalog & DSOInput coupling DCAny internal 50ΩΩsetting also calibratedTrigger level 50% Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques19

Vertical channel bandwidth Insure all measurablefrequencies respondproperly100%100% Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques20

Test response to the 3 dB freq.V100%3 dB Point70.7%Bandwidth BDefinition of -3dBPoint: Fluke 2008 FPM 3dB 20log10VBwFreqfbfVRefOscilloscope Calibration Techniques21

Bandwidth calibration:LF ReferenceAdjust for 6 Divat 50 kHz Reference levelScopes with selectableinternal 50ΩΩtermination calibratedfor bandwidth using50ΩΩ setting and a 50ΩΩsignal source. Goodmatching is important.High bandwidth scopes can haveselectable or fixed internal 50ΩΩtermination Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques22

Bandwidth calibration:verify the -3dB point 4.2 Divisions 70.7% of Reference level at 50kHz Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques23

Vertical Channel risetime andpulse response Verify vertical channelrisetime, abberationdistortion, and additionallythe maximum bandwidthOvershoot90%Undershoot10%Rise TimeGenerally:Rise Time (ns) 350/BW(MHz) Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques24

Risetime and pulse response V100%90%V10%0%trtr risetime V/V overshoot/undershoot Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques25

Determining 0% and 100%points100%DSOs candisplay histogramto determine 0%and 100% points0%Distribution of values Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques26

Risetime calibrationSignal fast pulse 100kHz to 10MHzRisetime measurement readout100%90%Risetime displayed consists of twocomponents– risetime of signal (calibration source)– risetime of oscilloscopetr ,UUT (t) (t2r , Display)2r ,Calibratortr,UUT real risetime of oscilloscopetr,Display risetime shown on screen10%tr,Calibrator risetime of calibration source0%tr,UUT tr,Display if tr,UUT 4tr,Calibratortr, DisplayScopes with selectable internal 50ΩΩ terminationcalibrated for bandwidth using 50ΩΩ setting and aScope risetime depends on V/div setting. Fluke 2008 FPM50ΩΩ signal source. Good matching is important.Oscilloscope Calibration Techniques27

Scope sampling rate andrisetime considerationsInput signalreconstructedSignalsRise-Time trmin: 0.8 trmax: 1.6 trSampling PointstS Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques28

Importance of sine and edgeSome overlap in the Calibration Application but both requiredCross ityTimingMarkerThroughputEstablishedTraceable3dB BWFlatnessSamplerAlignmentIEEE PulseParamsPhaseSensitiveVSWRInsensitiveSINE Fluke 2008 FPMLong TermSettle EvalEDGEOscilloscope Calibration Techniques29

Timebase (horizontal) calibration Evaluate accuracy of thehorizontal time scaleComb or triangle waveforms are usually used with analogoscilloscopes Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques30

Timebase calibration (1)Position 2nd Edge on 2nd graticule linePeriod measurement readoutDeviation of 10th rising edgeat 10th graticule line shows error: -1%Scopes with dual (delayed)timebases requirecalibration of bothtimebases and delayfunctionTriangle waveform signals usedfor analog scopes. Square andpulse waveforms avoid edgesampling problems on DSOs. Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques31

Timebase calibration (2)2nd and 10th rising edges alignedwith according graticule linesPeriod 500ns; Error : 0% Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques32

Other functions & tests Fast edge 25ps pulse10ns– Used for Rise Time PulseResponse Tests @ 50Ω 5% 2%– Tests BW to 14 GHz Other important scope calibratorcapabilities:– External trigger for all functions– Built-in pulse generator with pulse widthcontrol– Video trigger in NTSC, SECAM, PAL andPAL-M formats with selectable line marker– Measure input impedance (resistance &capacitance)– Input Overload testing Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques33

Generic test plan considerations(used in routine calibration) Have any Problems been Reported? Functional Checks:- Operation of All Controls, Air Filter,Line Voltage, Connectors, Display. Measure each vertical channel: Measure All Ranges:- Amplitude accuracy, bandwidth,pulse response, 1M ohm and 50 ohm inputs, includingcursor and measurement features. Measure horizontal channel, including delay and dualtimebase features, X-Y mode, cursor and measurementfeatures. Check trigger operation and sensitivity. Include internal calibrator and any other specificrequirements. Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques34

Summary andrecommendations Think Carefully about the Test Plan and UserRequirements Are appropriate calibration sources available? Follow Manufacturer’s Recommendations Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques35

For more detailed information Guide Describes– Need for Calibration– Calibration Requirements– Aberration– Trigger Operation .and more. For your copy –– Contact your Fluke salesrepresentative– Find it with the scopecalibration information onwww.fluke.com Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques36

More information A European document toharmonize oscilloscope calibration Presently named EA-10/07– Originally published as EAL-G30in 1997– Now under revision For a copy –– Search the web for “EAL-G30”– www.euromet.org/docs/calguides/ Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques37

Questions? Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques38

Instrumenting Scope Calibration Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques39

Traditional calibration system Fluke 2008 FPMCalibration GeneratorTime Mark GeneratorDC CalibratorAF Signal GeneratorFast Pulse GeneratorRF Signal Generator & PowerMeterMultiplexersFrequency StandardMultimeterVideo Generator, Power Supplyand more !!!Oscilloscope Calibration Techniques40

Problems with traditionalsystems Complex software to drive many instruments Multiplexer and cabling adds errors that needcompensation– Frequency response– Pulse dribble up– Signal generator needs characterizing* Poor flatness* Poor VSWR– Can still require manual intervention!! Cost of calibration Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques41

Alternative calibratorsMulti-ProductPlatformsBW 1.1 GHz 300 ps Fluke 2008 FPMDedicatedScope CalPlatformsBW 14 GHz 25 psOscilloscope Calibration Techniques42

Integrated Multi ProductCalibrator SolutionsMulti-ProductPlatforms An easy solution for labswith supporting fewerinstruments Share total meter & scopework on one calibrator Limited bandwidth and edgeperformance– Bandwidths from 250MHz to1.1GHz– Limited edge amplitudes andpolaritiesBW 1.1 GHz 300 ps Fluke 2008 FPM Limited secondarycalibration functions Not easily or economicallyexpandable as workloadgrows beyond 1GHzOscilloscope Calibration Techniques43

For more information Refer to brochures withextended specifications Download the operatorsmanuals for thecalibrators of interest Refer to technical articlesand white papers All available from:– www.fluke.com Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques44

Dedicated Scope Calibrator PlatformsAlternatives for Maximum Capabilities Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques45

9500B Oscilloscope Calibrator Calibration of Analogand Digital scopes withbandwidths to 6.4 GHz(edge/pulse to 25ps, 14GHz) All signals routed throughoutput module / head Multiple heads allow for full“hands free” automation– 5 heads from a single 9500B Wide range of test signals Single instrument solution to oscilloscope calibration anddocumentation Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques46

Active Head TechnologyTM Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques47

Active Head TechnologyTM Integrates all functions into a singleoutput A leveled sine wave frequencies- 600MHz- 3.2GHz- 1.1GHz- 6.4 GHz Generates and delivers 500ps, 150psand 25ps wide dynamic range pulses Precision attenuation of HF signals Ensures specifications are atoscilloscope terminals Full automation, as up to 5 headscan connect simultaneously to UUT Rugged construction– Inclusive of 3 year Active Plus Careplan Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques48

Sine leveling at the load Peak Detect Leveling close to UUTWell defined VSWR at the signal frequencyTraceability via RF Power Measurement– High Sine Purity ( -35dBc) ΩGaAs SchottkyBeam Lead Diode( 0.05pF) Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques49

Plus a repeatable, tightlyspecified edge Two primary and distinct applications– Determine UUT Step Settling Characteristic* Overshoot, undershoot, pre-shoot– Determine UUT Transition Time* Rise and Fall (often different)* Alternate assessment of UUT Band Width Requirements of the Edge are:– Edge of both polarities– Minimal source aberrations* Return to Ground assures minimal long term aberrations– Speed to exercise the whole UUT Bandwidth– Accurately known (stable) Transition Time Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques50

Summary – The 9500BThe worlds highest performance, fullyautomated upgradeable oscilloscopecalibration workstation. A fully automated scope calibration system to 6.4 GHz(pulse to 25ps, 14GHz) Active Head TechnologyTM– Elimination of cables and switches– Unrivalled performance High Accuracy - Up to ten times better accuracy than otherscope calibrators on the market Upgradeable, modular architecture Fully supported procedures Dramatic increase in throughput– Achieves 5-10 fold reduction in cal times Simplified support philosophy Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques51

Automation Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques52

Benefits Of Automation Simplify oscilloscope calibration on allcalibrator platforms (9100, 55XX, 9500B)– Allow for full automation– All signals should be throughsingle connection– Hundreds of scope procedures available– Fluke Warranted procedures also available Significant reduction in calibration times Connect and Go approach - Fullautomation provides hands freeoscilloscope calibration Reduce cost of ownership– Integrated into a single unit– Simplify calibrator traceability support– Allow for upgradeability as workloadchanges Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques53

Automated 9500B ScopeCalibration Workstations A complete integrated solutionto managed scope calibration– Model 9500B Oscilloscopecalibrator– MET/CAL Plus Metrology Software The only fully automatedsystem available– Multi channel & high bandwidth Configurations to suit allbudgets and workloads Fully upgradeable workstations Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques54

Return On Your Investment Small to moderate sizedscope calibration workloadscan justify an investment ina dedicated scopecalibration system An ROI analysis showsexcellent payback, often injust 1 to 2 years comparedto using third partycalibration providers An Excel spreadsheet toolcan simplify ROI calculationsfor individual situations This spreadsheet is availablefor download as a follow upto this seminar. Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques55

Conclusion & Review –What have we done? Topics–––––Reviewed basic scope calibration technical requirementsProvided technical references for scope calibrationExamined calibration instrumentation alternativesIntroduced the benefits of automationOffered an ROI analysis tool to assist in analyzing andjustifying a scope calibrator In Conclusion– Scope calibration is better understood– Instrumentation alternatives can be evaluated in a bettermanner Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques56

Questions about oscilloscopecalibration? Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques57

Calibration and metrologytraining from Fluke Fluke calibration and metrology training helps you get the mostfrom your investment in calibration instruments and software Multiple ways to learn:– Instructor-led classroom sessions– Instructor-led web-based courses– Self-paced web-based training– Self-paced CD-ROM training Multiple locations– United States and Canada– Europe– SingaporeMembers of the MET/SUPPORT Gold and Priority Gold CarePlan support programs receive a 20 %discount off any Fluke calibration training course Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques58

Calibration andmetrology training Instructor-Led Classroom Training––––––––– Instructor-Led Web-Based Training–– MET/CAL Database Web-Based TrainingMET/CAL Procedure Development Web-Based TrainingSelf-Paced Web-Based Training––––– MET-101 Basic Hands-on Metrology (new in 2007)MET-301 Advanced Hands-on Metrology (new in 2007)Cal Lab Management for the 21st CenturyMetrology for Cal Lab Personnel (A CCT prep course)MET/CAL Database and ReportsMET/CAL Procedure WritingMET/CAL Advanced Programming TechniquesOn-Site TrainingProduct Specific TrainingIntroduction to Measurement and CalibrationPrecision Electrical MeasurementMeasurement UncertaintyAC/DC Calibration and MetrologyMetrology for Cal Lab Personnel (A CCT prep course)Self-Paced Training Tools–MET/CAL-CBT7 Computer Based Training–MET/CAL-CBT/PW Computer-Based Training (new in 2007)–Cal-Book: Philosophy in Practice textbook Fluke 2008 FPMMore e Calibration Techniques59

THANK YOU !For material related to this session, visit ourweb site:http://www.fluke.comFor any questions or copies of this presentation:email inquiries to: fpmseminars@fluke.com Fluke 2008 FPMOscilloscope Calibration Techniques60

Fluke 2008 FPM Oscilloscope Calibration Techniques 5 Fluke Precision Measurement Web Seminar Series For information & reservations to attend our seminars, go to www.fluke.com , click on the sidebar “Events, Seminars & Training ”, and click on FPM Seminar Series selection, or directly go to: www.

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