Drug Dosage & IV Rates Calculations - George Brown College
Drug Dosage & IV Rates CalculationsDrug Dosage CalculationsDrug dosage calculations are required when the amount of medication ordered (ordesired) is different from what is available on hand for the nurse to administer.Formula:Amount DESIRED (D)X QUANTITY (Q) Y (Tablets Required)Amount on HAND (H)Note: When medication is given in tablets, the QUANTITY 1 since the amount ofmedication available is specified per (one) tablet.Example 1: Toprol XL, 50 mg PO, is ordered. Toprol XL is available as 100 mg pertablets. How many tablets would the nurse administer?Step 1: Determine your givens.Amount desired (D) 50 mgAmount on hand (H) 100 mg tabletsQuantity 1Step 2: Plug in what you know into theformula and simplify.x 1 0.5 tabletsTherefore, the nurse would administer 0.5 of a tablet.Example 2: 1200 mg of Klor-Con is ordered. This medication is only available as 600mg per tablet. How many tablets should the nurse give?Step 1: Determine your givens.Amount desired (D) 1200 mgAmount on hand (H) 600 mgQuantity 1Step 2: Plug in what you know into theformula and simplify.x 1 2 tabletsTherefore, the nurse should give 2 tablets.The same formula can be used for dosage calculations where the medication isavailable as amount per certain volume.In these types of calculations, the volume available on hand is the QUANTITY.Tutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
Example 3: Dilantin-125 is available as 125 mg/5 mL. Dilantin-125, 0.3 g PO, isordered. How much should the nurse administer to the patient?Step 1: Determine your givens.Amount desired (D) 0.3 gAmount on hand (H) 125 mgQuantity 5 mLStep 2: Convert 0.3 g to mg (since theordered dose is in grams but the drug isavailable on hand in milligrams).0.3 g x 1,000 mg/g 300 mgStep 3: Plug in what you know into theformula and simplify.x 5mL 12 mLTherefore, the nurse would administer 12 mL.Example 4: Furosemide is available as 40 mg in 1 mL. 10 mg is ordered to beadministered through an IV. What amount of furosemide should the nurse administer?Step 1: Determine your givens.Amount desired (D) 10 mgAmount on hand (H) 40 mgQuantity 1 mLStep 2: Plug in what you know into theformula and simplify.x 1mL 0.4 mLTherefore, the nurse should administer 0.4 mL of furosemide.Dosage Calculations based on Body WeightDosage calculations based on body weight are required when the dosage ordered andadministered is dependent on the weight of the patient. For example, many pediatricdrugs are ordered and given per weight (usually in kg).Dosage calculations based on body weight are calculated in two main stages.Stage 1: Using the formula below, calculate the total required dosage based on giventhe body weight.Weight (kg) x Dosage Ordered (per kg) Y (Required Dosage)Stage 2: Apply thex Q formula to calculate the actual amount of medication to beadministered.Tutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
Example 1: Medrol 4 mg/kg is ordered for a child weighing 64.8 lb. Medrol is availableas 500 mg/4mL. How many milliliters of medication must the nurse administer?Step 1: Determine yourgivens.Weight: 64.8 lbDosage ordered: 4mg/kgAvailable on hand: 500 mg/4mLStep 2: Convert 64.5 lb tokg since the infant’s weightis given in pounds (lb) butthe dosage ordered is in mgper kilogram.64.8 lb 2.2 lb/kg 29.45 kgStep 3: Calculate therequired dosage (mg) ofmedication based on thechild’s weight.Weight (kg) x Dosage Ordered (per kg) Y (Required dosage)Therefore, the infant’s weight is 29.45 kg.29.45 kg x 4 mg/kg 117.8 mgTherefore, the required dosage of medication is 58.64mg.Step 4: Calculate thevolume of medication (mL)to be administered based onwhat’s available on hand.x Quantity Yx 4 mL 0.942 mLTherefore, the nurse must administer 0.942 mL of medication.Example 2: A doctor prescribes 250 mg of Ceftin to be taken by a 20.5 lb infant every 8hours. The medication label indicates that 75-150 mg/kg per day is the desired dosagerange. Is this doctor's order within the desired range?Step 1: Determine yourgivens.Weight: 20.5 lbDosage ordered: 250 mgDesired dosage range: 75-150 mg/kgStep 2: Convert 20.5 lb to20.5 lb 2.2 lb /kg 9.32 kgkg since the infant’s weightis given in pounds (lb) butthe medication label is in mgper kilogram.Tutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
Step 3: Calculate theminimum and maximumdosage for a 9.32 kg infant.Weight (kg) x Dosage Ordered (per kg) YMinimum dosage:9.32 kg x 75 mg/kg 699 mgMaximum dosage:9.32 kg x 150 mg/kg 1398 mgStep 4: Calculate theamount of medication thedoctor has ordered for oneday or 24 hours.24 hr 8 hr 3The doctor has ordered the medication to be given 3times per day.Every dose is 250 mg.250 mg x 3 750 mgTherefore, the doctor has ordered 750 mg of medicationper day.Step 5: Compare the totalamount of medicationordered for one day to thedosage range listed on themedication label.750 mg is within the desired range of 699-1398 mg since699 750 1398Therefore, the doctor has ordered a dosage within thedesired range.Calculation of Intravenous Drip RatesIn these types of calculations, for a given volume, time period, and drop factor (gtts/mL),the required IV flow rate in drops per minute (gtts/min) is calculated.Note: Since a fraction of a drop is not possible to give to a patient, it is usual to roundthe answers to the nearest whole number.Formula:Volume (mL)x Drop Factor (gtts/mL) Y (Flow Rate in gtts/min)Time (min)Example 1: Calculate the IV flow rate for 250 mL of 0.5% dextrose to be administeredover 180 minutes. The infusion set has drop factor of 30 gtts/mL.Step 1: Determine your givens.Volume: 250 mLTime: 180 minTutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
Drop factor: 30 gtts/mLStep 2: Use the formula tocalculate the IV flow rate. No unitconversions are required.Remember to round the finalanswer to the nearest wholenumber.(())Therefore, the IV flow rate is 42 gtts/min.Example 2: The infusion set is adjusted for a drop factor of 15 gtts/mL. Calculate the IVflow rate if 1500 mL IV saline is ordered to be infused over 12 hours.Step 1: Determine your givens.Volume: 1500 mLTime: 12 hoursDrop factor: 15 gtts/mLStep 2: Convert 8 hours intominutes.12 h x 60 min/h 720 minStep 3: Use the formula tocalculate the IV flow rate(gtts/min).(())Therefore, the IV flow rate is 31 gtts/min.Calculation of Flow Rate for an Infusion PumpInfusion pumps do not have a calibrated drop factor. The flow rate depends on thevolume of fluid ordered and the time of infusion.Formula:Volume (mL)Time (h) Y (Flow Rate in mL/h)Example 1: 1200 mL D5W IV is ordered to infuse in 10 hours by infusion pump.Calculate the flow rate in milliliters per hour.Step 1: Determine your givens.Volume: 1200 mLTime: 10 hTutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
Step 2: Since the volume is given in mLand the time is given in hours, the flowrate can be calculated in one step usingthe formula.Step 3: Use the formula to calculate theIV flow rate (gtts/min).Therefore, the IV flow rate is 120 mL/hr.Example 2: 600 mL of antibiotic is to be infused over the 180 minutes by an infusionpump. Calculate the flow rate (mL per hour).Step 1: Determine your givens.Volume: 600 mLTime: 180 minStep 2: Convert 180 min into hours since 180 min 60 min/h 3 hthe flow rate must be stated in mL/h.Step 3: Calculate the flow rate in mL/husing the formula.Therefore, the flow rate is 200 mL/h.Tutoring and Learning Centre, George Brown College 2014www.georgebrown.ca/tlc
as 500 mg/4mL. How many milliliters of medication must the nurse administer? Step 1: Determine your givens. Weight: 64.8 lb Dosage ordered: 4mg/kg Available on hand: 500 mg/4mL Step 2: Convert 64.5 lb to kg since the infant’s weight is given in pounds (lb) but the dosage ordered is in mg per kilogram. 64.8 lb 2.2 lb/kg 29.45 kg
CHAPTER 5 DOSAGE CALCULATIONS 160 5.1. Calculations Involving Dose, Size, Number of Doses, Amount Dispensed, and Quanity of a Specific Ingredient in a Dose 161 5.2. Dosage Measured By Drops 169 5.3. Dosage Based on Body Weight 171 5.4. Dosage Based on Body Surface Area (BSA) 174 5.5. Pediatric and Geriatric Dose Calculations 181 5.6 .
1. Immediate-release dosage forms 2. Delayed-release dosage forms 3. Extended-release dosage forms Specifications for Different Dosage Forms 1. Immediate-release Dosage Forms The dissolution profile was produced under certain conditions such as: mild test conditions, basket method - 50/100 RPM / paddle method - 50/75 RPM, in 15 minutes.
1.2 Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (aHUS) 1.3 Generalized Myasthenia Gravis (gMG) 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 2.1 RECOMMENDED VACCINATION AND PROPHYLAXIS 2.2 Recommended Dosage Regimen - PNH 2.3 Recommended Dosage Regimen - aHUS 2.4 Recommended Dosage Regimen - gMG . 2.5 Dose Adjustment in Case of Plasmapheresis,
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and FDA-approved patient labeling. Revised: 9/2022 . FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS * 1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION. 2.1 Recommended Dosage 2.2 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions 2.3 Dosage Modifications for Drug Interactions 2.4 Important Administration Instructions
Here’s what we’ll walk through in this cheat sheet: 1. The simple 6-step process for getting dose calc problems right 2. Practice problems 3. Must know dosage calculation conversions And if you want more practice with dosage calculations, be sure to c
CHAPTER 1 INTERPRETATION 1. Definitions CHAPTER 2 RATING 2. Power to levy rates Part 1: Rates policy 3. Adoption and contents of rates policy 4. Community participation 5. Annual review of rates policy 6. By-laws to give effect to rates policy Part 2: Levying of rates 7. Rates to be levied on all rateable property 8. Differential rates 9.
The aim of this paper was to make a brief review of the database in terms of dosage form, apparatus, rotation/ pulsation speed, and dissolution media. Dosage Forms The most common dosage forms in the FDA database are tablets and capsules (Figure 1). More than 65% of the products presented are in tablet dosage form. There are
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