Light-Lift Rocket I Light-Lift Rocket II Medium-Lift Rocket A
Light-Lift Rocket ILight-Lift Rocket IIMedium-Lift Rocket A5045MASSLIMIT 10090125MASSLIMITThis rocket can lift a missionthat has up to 45 mass units. 75This rocket can lift a missionthat has up to 90 mass units.PROS:Low cost.Low risk: works 5 times out of 6.CONS:Lifts small, lightweight missionswith few science tools. This rocket can lift a missionthat has up to 125 mass units.PROS:Lifts medium-size missions due toadd-on thrusters.CONS:Costs more than Light-Lift Rocket Idue to additional thrusters.Medium risk: works 4 times out of 6.1Medium-Lift Rocket B100 Low-Power Solar Panel0PROS:The most powerful on Earth! Ableto lift very large missions with themost science tools.CONS:High risk: works 3 times out of 6. PROS:Low cost.No power needed.CONS:Medium mass.5Medium-Power Solar Panel6High-Power Solar Panel10152571520102540POWERLIMITGives your mission electricity. 7Protects your spacecraft duringlaunch. Required for all missions!4 10200This rocket can lift a missionthat has up to 200 mass units.PROS:Able to lift large missions with morescience tools.Low risk: works 5 times out of 6.CONS:Costs more than Light-Lift I & II andMedium-Lift Rocket APROS:Low cost, low mass.Lasts a few years.CONS:Must have sunlight. Only worksduring daylight.Only works near the equator.Requires on-board battery(card #10)3MASSLIMITThis rocket can lift a missionthat has up to 125 mass units. PROS:Lifts large missions with morescience tools.CONS:Costs more than Light-Lift Rockets.Medium risk: works 4 times out 6Rocket Nose ConeMASSLIMIT Heavy-Lift Rocket125 2120 MASSLIMITPOWERLIMITGives your mission electricity. 7PROS:Low cost, medium mass.Lasts a few years.CONS:Must have sunlight. Only worksduring daylight.Only works near the equator.Requires on-board battery(card #10)POWERLIMITGives your mission electricity. 8PROS:Medium cost, medium mass.Lasts a few years.CONS:Must have sunlight. Only worksduring daylight.Only works near the equator.Requires on-board battery(card #10)9
On-board BatteryFuel CellRadioisotope Power System555A battery is required for allsolar-powered missions. 407525305075POWERLIMITGives your mission electricity.PROS:Stores power collected by solar panelsso your mission can survive when thesun is not visible.CONS:Increases the cost, mass and powerpoints for your mission. Gives your mission electricity.PROS:Does not need the sun or a battery.Provides more power than solarpanels.Works everywhere.CONS:Lasts a few months.Costs more than solar panels.10Low-Resolution Camera High-Resolution Camera2540123124111Makes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars.PROS:Sees a very wide area of Mars.Low cost, low mass.Does not use much power.CONS:Can’t see small details on Mars. Makes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars.PROS:Sees twice as much detail as theLow-Resolution Camera.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:Medium cost.Sees a smaller area on Mars thanthe Low-Resolution Camera. PROS:Sees the most detail of all.CONS:See only a tiny area of Mars.Costs the most.Has more mass and uses morepower than other cameras.14Infrared Spectrometer15High-Energy Spectrometer253030234225111Makes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars. 1210Infrared Camera PROS:Does not need the sun or a battery.Provides the most power of all.Works everywhere.Lasts over a decade.CONS:Costs the most.Has the most mass.1113 Medium-Resolution CameraMakes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars. POWERLIMITHelps discover if Mars was evera habitat for microbial life.PROS:Gives basic information about mineralsand grain size of the soil on Mars.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:Medium cost. 16Helps discover if Mars was evera habitat for microbial life.PROS:Detects minerals in detail, includingthose that formed in water, which isessential to life.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:High cost. 17PROS:Helps show where on Mars has water,which is essential to life.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:High cost.18
Radiation SensorLife Sciences Laboratory1560301833252121Helps discover if Mars could bea habitat for humans someday. Helps discover signs of past orpresent microbial life on Mars.PROS:Shows healthier places for peoplewhere radiation is lower.Low cost, mass and power usage.CONS:Data may not be used for a longtime to support human missions. 19Color Stereo Camera PROS:Helps find out if Earth is the onlyplace that supports life.CONS:Highest cost, most mass and usesthe most power.Requires sample collectiondevice (card #25).Makes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars. PROS:Measures the high and low pointsof the Martian terrain, includingmountains and craters.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:High cost.20Atmosphere/Wind Sensors21Magnetometer2055322222111Makes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars. Laser Topography MapperMakes discoveries about theenvironment on Mars.PROS:Provides a 3D experience of Mars bycombining images taken by a set ofcameras.Low mass and low power usage.CONS:Medium cost. PROS:Collects detailed data aboutwind speeds and chemicals inthe atmosphere.Very low cost, low mass and lowpower usage.22Sample Collection DeviceHelps discover areas that mightprotect microbial or human life. PROS:Measures where Mars has amagnetic field, which canprotect life from radiation.Very low cost, low mass and lowpower usage.23Wheels5324Tracks1515108121011Required for Life SciencesLaboratory. Either wheels or tracks arerequired for rover missions.PROS:Collects air, rocks or soil samplesfor study by the Life SciencesLaboratory.CONS:Adds minor costs, mass and powerusage to your mission. 25PROS:Wheels carry rovers to discoveriesbeyond their landing sites.Medium speed and work on rockyterrain.CONS:Have a little more mass, and use alittle more power than tracks.Either wheels or tracks arerequired for rover missions. 26PROS:Have less mass and use lesspower than wheels.CONS:Can make it harder to climb oversome obstacles.Less precise steering.27
Robotic ArmRock Drill555833151111Collects samples and carries anumber of science instruments. Rotating Instrument MountCollects samples by drillinginto rocks.PROS:Doesn’t use much power.Low cost.Provides an added science point.CONS:Medium mass. Provides flexible structure formultiple science instruments.PROS:Low cost, low mass.Provides an added science point.CONS:Medium power. 28Heat Shield 29Hypersonic Parachute30Retro Rockets55101088000Required to protects all landersand rovers traveling through theatmosphere to the surface. PROS:Holds science instruments so theycan collect data in a circle withoutmoving the spacecraft.CONS:Adds minor costs, mass and powerusage to your mission.Required for all Mars landersand rovers.PROS:Very low cost.Does not use power.CONS:Medium mass. PROS:Slows the spacecraft down priorto using airbags or retro rockets.Low cost.Does not use power.CONS:Medium mass.31AirbagsEither airbags or retro rocketsare required for Mars landersand rovers. 32Impact Probe40PROS:Slows the spacecraft down for acontrolled landing.Lower cost and mass than airbags.CONS:Spacecraft can be damaged bylanding in rocky terrain.Standard Microprocessor51051533100Probes can be added toenhance discoveries.Either airbags or retro rocketsare required for Mars landersand rovers. PROS:Protects spacecraft from impacts onrocks and slopes.CONS:Higher cost and mass than rockets.Precise landings are difficultbecause the airbags bounce.11 34PROS:Penetrates the Martian surface athigh speeds to collect data frombelow the surfaceDoes not use power.CONS:Adds cost and mass to yourmission.At least one microprocessor isrequired for all Mars missions. 35PROS:Provides mission “brainpower.”Low cost, mass and power usage.CONS:Provides only basic functionsneeded to receive commands andsend data.36
Advanced MicroprocessorMain Bus10High-Gain Antenna20110152511At least one microprocessor isrequired for all Mars missions. Connects science tools with theonboard computer so they work.Required for all missions!PROS:More “brainpower” lets the spacecraft make simple choices withoutcommands from Earth.CONS:Costs more and uses more powerthan the standard microprocessor. 51133 Stores all Mars data until it canbe sent back to Earth. Requiredfor all missions! Hooray! People around theworld can stay in touch moreeasily by using new communications technologies createdfor your Mars mission.EFFECT: 35 million for your future research.43Hooray! Sensors created foryour Mars mission help carsbecome more energy-efficientand easier to maintain!PROS:Low cost, mass and power usage.CONS:None! Your mission does not have acontinuous link with Earth, so youneed a way to store your data.40Spin-Off: Communications39Spin-Off: Automobile Sensors5PROS:Low cost and power.Can be used as a backup for theHigh-Gain Antenna.CONS:Cannot send much information atone time.PROS:Sends large amounts of data at onetime.CONS:Costs more and uses more powerthan the Low-Gain Antenna.38Main Memory CardAt least one antenna is requiredto communicate with Earth. At least one antenna is requiredto communicate with Earth.PROS:Low power usage.Allows you to make discoveries withyour science tools.CONS:Medium cost and mass.37Low-Gain Antenna1EFFECT: 25 million for your future research.4142Spin-Off: Weather PredictionBudget Cut!Hooray! Your Mars missiondiscoveries gave new clues aboutEarth’s atmosphere. Scientistscan now predict weather better!Sorry! Congress reducedNASA’s budget.EFFECT: 15 million for your future research.44EFFECT:Your mission loses one science tool.45
Rocket Failure!System Failure!Sorry! During system testing,one science tool failed to work.EFFECT:Your mission loses one science tool.Sorry! Your rocket failed duringtesting. You had to buy anotherone.EFFECT:You cut out two science tools tohelp pay for the new rocket.4647
Medium-Lift Rocket A MASS LIMIT Medium-Lift Rocket A 100 125 This rocket can lift a mission that has up to 125 mass units. 3 PROS: Lifts large missions with more science tools. CONS: Costs more than Light-Lift Rockets. Medium risk: works 4 times out 6 MASS LIMIT Light-Lift Rocket II 75 90
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The Power of Rocket Engines The 3 Space Shuttle Main Engines (SSMEs) are Liquid Rocket Engines and had a combined thrust of over 1.2 Million Pounds at Lift-off. With the Solid Rocket Boosters, total thrust was nearly 7 Million Pounds at Lift-off The 5 F-1 Liquid Rocket Engines on the Saturn V Moon Rocket had a combined thrust of over 7.5
(A straw rocket!) How did you launch your rocket? (By blowing through a straw which pushed the rocket into the air) How far did your rocket fly? What did you learn about the forces which help a rocket to launch? (The force of thrust, which pushes a rocket upwards so it can overcome gravity) What makes the rocket fly further?
Texts of Wow Rosh Hashana II 5780 - Congregation Shearith Israel, Atlanta Georgia Wow ׳ג ׳א:׳א תישארב (א) ׃ץרֶָֽאָּהָּ תאֵֵ֥וְּ םִימִַׁ֖שַָּה תאֵֵ֥ םיקִִ֑לֹאֱ ארָָּ֣ Îָּ תישִִׁ֖ארֵ Îְּ(ב) חַורְָּ֣ו ם
TM 43-0001-30 C13 CHANGE )) No. 13 ) HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY Washington, DC, 12 October 1993 ARMY AMMUNITION DATA SHEETS FOR ROCKETS, ROCKET SYSTEMS, ROCKET FUZES, ROCKET MOTORS (FSC 1340) TM 43-0001-30, 1 December 1981, is changed
straw, the air has more energy and the rocket can fly further! Gravity is a force that pulls your straw rocket down at the same time that your breath is a force pushing the rocket forward. These 2 forces work against each other, so the rocket makes a curved shape. When a real rocket
How a Rocket Engine Works A rocket engine is not like a conventional engine. A conventional engine ignites fuel which then pushes on some pistons, and it turns a crank. . This diagram is a basic model of how a liquid fuel rocket engine works. It is easy to see that a liquid fueled rocket is much more complex that a solid fueled one. (http .
2 Adventure Tourism in Scotland – what do we mean? Introduction 2.1 This chapter details the definition of Adventure Tourism (AT) used by the study team for this commission and any assumptions which were made throughout the research. Definition of Adventure Tourism 2.2 The definition of the AT sector used for this study is the now commonly held sector definition developed in the Adventure .
