Cell City Worksheet Answer Key - Johns Hopkins University
BiologyAnswer key:AnalogyCELL CITY INTRODUCTION!Floating around in the cytoplasm are small structures called organelles. Like theorgans in your own body, each one carries out a specific function necessary for the cellto survive. Imagine the cells as a miniature city. The organelles might representcompanies, places, or parts of the city because they each have similar jobs.Below are the descriptions of important parts of the Cell City:City PartCity LimitsRoad SystemCity HallCity AuditorCity Planning OfficeConstruction CompanyDelivery VanFood Processing PlantWarehousePower CompanySolar Power PlantFunctionControls what goes in andout of the cityAllows for movementthroughout the cityControls all the activities in ofthe cityStores all the records of thecity and passes them on asthe city growsA place in the city hall whereplans are made for theconstruction of the cityBuilds structures for the cityDelivers products made at theconstruction company toother locations in the cityProcesses large quantities offood entering the city intosmaller packages that can beused more easilyStores materials needed bythe cityProduces energy for the cityUses the sun’s energy toproduce power for the cityCell Partcell membranceendoplasmic ort vesicleLysosomesVacuoleMitochondriaChloroplastAs you move through this worksheet, see if you can match the important partsof the city listed above to the specific organelles found in cells. Be sure to writeneatly, and in complete sentences.As you move through this worksheet, see if you can match the important parts of thecity listed above to the specific organelles found in cells. Be sure to write neatly, andin complete sentences.1
BiologyAnalogy1. The nucleus is a large, round/oval structure usually located near the center of thecell. It is the control center for all the activities of the cell.a. What company or place does the nucleus resemble in a Cell City?City Hallb. Why do you think so?The nucleus controls all of the activities of the cell as city hall controls all theactivities in of the city.2. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible envelope that surrounds the cell. It allows thecell to change shape and controls what goes into and out of the cella. What company or place does the cell membrane resemble in a Cell City?City Limitsb. Why do you think so?The cell membrane controls what goes into and out of the cell as the city limitscontrol what goes in and out of the city.3. The endoplasmic reticulum consists of a network of a tube-like passageway thatproteins from the ribosomes are transported through.a. What company or place does the endoplasmic reticulum resemble in a CellCity?Road Systemb. Why do you think so?The endoplasmic reticulum consists of a network of a tube-like passagewaythrough which proteins from the ribosomes are able to be moved within a cellas the road system allows for movement throughout the city.4. The ribosomes are small grain-like bodies made mostly of RNA and produced in thenucleolus. Proteins are constructed at the ribosomes.a. What company or place do the ribosomes resemble in a Cell City?Construction Company2
BiologyAnalogyb. Why do you think so?Proteins which are building blocks of cells are constructed at the ribosomes asare structures for the city are built by a construction company.5. The jelly-like area between the nucleus and the cell membrane is called thecytoplasm. It helps organelles move throughout the cell.a. What company or place does the cytoplasm resemble in a Cell City?Waters flowing throughout Veniceb. Why do you think so?The city of Venice is the only city of which I can think that has anythingresembling a jelly-like area outside of city hall and within the city wall thathelps specialized parts of a city move. That place would be the waters flowingthroughout Venice. The waters via gondolas, waterbuses, or boats helptransport persons and material within the city.6. The mitochondria are tiny bean-shaped structures in the cytoplasm with a smoothouter membrane, and a greatly folded inner membrane. They supply the energy forthe cell by transforming sugars into energy.a. What company or place do the mitochondria resemble in a Cell City?Power Companyb. Why do you think so?The mitochondria supply the energy for the cell by transforming sugars intoenergy as does a power company produce energy for the city.7. The chromosomes are rod-shaped bodies found in the nucleus. They are made ofDNA and protein. They contain all the information to run the cell. They also pass onthe hereditary traits of the cell to new cells.a. What company or place do the chromosomes resemble in a Cell City?City Auditorb. Why do you think so?The chromosomes contain all the information to run the cell and pass on thehereditary traits of the cell to new cells as does the city auditor stores all the3
BiologyAnalogyrecords of the city and passes them on as the city grows.8. The chloroplast is an oval, green structure found in the cytoplasm. It containschlorophyll. It captures the sun’s energy and uses it to produces sugars in a processcalled photosynthesis.a. What company or place does the chloroplast resemble in a Cell City?Solar Power Plantb. Why do you think so?The chloroplast captures the sun’s energy and uses it to produces sugarswhich is used to power a cell as a solar power plant uses the sun’s energy toproduce power for the city.9. The lysosomes are small round structures found in the cytoplasm. They containdigestive enzymes that break down large food particles into sugars and other simplesubstances.a. What company or place do the lysosomes resemble in a Cell City?Food Processing Plantb. Why do you think so?The lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that break down large food particlesinto sugars and other simple substances that can be used more easily as does afood processing plant that processes large quantities of food entering the cityinto smaller packages that can be used more easily.10. The vacuole is a large, round sac found in the cytoplasm. It stores water, food,wastes, or other materials needed by the cell.a. What company or place does the vacuole resemble in a Cell City?Warehouseb. Why do you think so?The vacuole stores water, food, and other materials needed by the cell like awarehouse stores materials needed by the city.11. Now that you made the comparison between the parts of a city and the organellesof a cell, draw out your city!4
BiologyAnalogya. Make sure to label all 10 of the parts you identified in the Cell City, as wellas which cell organelle they resemble.Go to Cells alive! for free use of interactive animal and plant cells athttp://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell model.htmAnimal Cell Pictured Belowcell membranechloroplast (See plant cell below, not pictured here.)chromosomesnucleus5lysosomesmitochondrion
BiologyAnalogycytoplasmribosomesendoplasmic reticulumvacuolePicture retrieved September 16, 2010, fromhttp://www.bing.com/images/search?q animal cell picture&form QBIR&qs AS&sk SQ2AS4&pq animal cell&sp 7&sc 811#focal d85f74f74691016d47e9d2b41ef56894&furl http%3A%2F%2Fmrscienceut.net%2FAnimalCell.jpgPlant Cell Pictured Belowcell membranelysosomes (not pictured below)chloroplastmitochondrionchromosomes (rod-shaped bodies in nucleus but not pictured below)nucleus6
BiologyAnalogycytoplasmendoplasmic reticulumribosomes (not pictured here)vacuolePicture retrieved September 16, 2010, fromhttp://www.bing.com/images/search?q plant cell picture&form QBIR&qs n&sk &sc 218#focal c2284b4402c7e5dc8103b6c7230ea7c6&furl Cell.jpg7
cell. It is the control center for all the activities of the cell. a. What company or place does the nucleus resemble in a Cell City? City Hall b. Why do you think so? The nucleus controls all of the activities of the cell as city hall controls all the activities in of the city. 2. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible envelope that surrounds .
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of the cell and eventually divides into two daughter cells is termed cell cycle. Cell cycle includes three processes cell division, DNA replication and cell growth in coordinated way. Duration of cell cycle can vary from organism to organism and also from cell type to cell type. (e.g., in Yeast cell cycle is of 90 minutes, in human 24 hrs.)
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