SINGLE ELIMINATION ROUND 1 TOSS-UP

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SINGLE ELIMINATION ROUND 1TOSS-UP1) MATH Multiple Choice For numbers 10 (read as: less than or equal to 10), and notincluding the number 1, how many are prime numbers?W) 3X) 4Y) 5Z) 2ANSWER: X) 4(Solution: primes are 2, 3, 5, 7)BONUS1) MATH Short Answer Factor the expression: x2 3x – 10ANSWER: (x 5)(x – 2)TOSS-UP2) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice A summary reaction for photosynthesis is:W) CO2 O2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate O2X) CO2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate O2Y) CO2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate H2OZ) CO2 O2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate H2OANSWER: X) CO2 H2O AND LIGHT YIELDS CARBOHYDRATE O2BONUS2) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice It is generally believed that most of the oxygen in the airtoday came from:W) oxidation of carbon molecules containing oxygenX) release of oxygen from volcanic ventsY) photosynthesisZ) forest firesANSWER: Y) PHOTOSYNTHESISJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 1

TOSS-UP3) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Osmosis is:W) the movement of water through a permeable membraneX) the movement of salts through a semi-permeable membraneY) the movement of water through a semi-permeable membraneZ) the pressure exerted by water through a semi-permeable membraneANSWER: Y) THE MOVEMENT OF WATER THROUGH A SEMI-PERMEABLEMEMBRANEBONUS3) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is most accurate about thepasteurization of milk:W) it makes milk taste betterX) it kills all bacteria by sterilizing the milkY) it lowers the milk’s pHZ) it reduces the population of bacteria by heating but not boiling the milkANSWER: Z) IT REDUCES THE POPULATION OF BACTERIA BY HEATING BUT NOTBOILING THE MILKTOSS-UP4) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice The hard rock under the topsoil in eastern Washingtonstate was laid down over millions of years by volcanic eruptions. This rock is:W) limestoneX) basaltY) lavaZ) graniteANSWER: X) BASALTBONUS4) EARTH SCIENCE Short Answer Wind speed is measured by what instrument?ANSWER: ANEMOMETERJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 2

TOSS-UP5) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Doubling a musical note's amplitude:W) doubles its frequencyX) doubles its wavelengthY) increases its loudnessZ) doubles its speedANSWER: Y) INCREASES ITS LOUDNESSBONUS5) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer Physicists believe there are four fundamental forcesof nature. Name any two of them.ANSWER: GRAVITATIONAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC, STRONG, WEAK (ANY OFTHESE FOUR IN ANY ORDER)TOSS-UP6) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer Spanky swings a ball on the end of a string andmaintains it in uniform circular motion, what is the most accurate term for the force exerted onthe rock through the string?ANSWER: CENTRIPETALBONUS6) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice The density of an object is a property that dependson:W) the total weight of objectX) the total volume of the objectY) the liquid the object is suspended inZ) none of the aboveANSWER: Z) NONE OF THE ABOVEJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 3

TOSS-UP*7) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Amplitude modulation is typically associated withwhat common form of communication:W) television transmissionX) radio transmissionY) short wave transmissionsZ) laser transmissionsANSWER: X) RADIO TRANSMISSIONBONUS7) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following elements does not occurnaturally in nature:W) uraniumX) technetium (PRONOUNCED: TECH-net-ee-um)Y) boronZ) radonANSWER: X) TECHNETIUMTOSS-UP8) MATH Multiple Choice Which of the following is NOT true:W) all natural numbers are whole numbersX) all whole numbers are integersY) all integers are rational numbersZ) all numbers can be both a rational number and an irrational numberANSWER: Z) ALL NUMBERS CAN BE BOTH A RATIONAL NUMBER AND ANIRRATIONAL NUMBERBONUS8) MATH Short Answer Factor the following equation: x2 – 6x 5 0ANSWER: (x – 5) (x – 1) 0Junior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 4

TOSS-UP9) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice As more fossil fuels are burned to produce energy, thegreenhouse effect will continue to cause the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere to increase.The substance primarily responsible for the greenhouse effect is:W) ozoneX) carbon dioxideY) fluorocarbonsZ) oxygenANSWER: X) CARBON DIOXIDEBONUS9) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is sometimes called volcanicglass because of its shiny appearance:W) obsidianX) graniteY) quartzZ) dioriteANSWER: W) OBSIDIANTOSS-UP10) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is the most common causeof deaths in American women between the ages of 20 and 40?W) AIDSX) breast cancerY) colon cancerZ) heart attacksANSWER: X) BREAST CANCERBONUS10) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer Order the following from the SMALLEST unit ofdistance to the LARGEST: mile, rod, feet, kilometer.ANSWER: FOOT, ROD, KILOMETER, MILEJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 5

TOSS-UP11) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer For two objects separated by a distance d, if the massof one of the objects increases by two times, by what factor will the gravitational attractionbetween them increase?ANSWER: TWO (ACCEPT 2 TIMES)BONUS11) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following elements is found inPeriod 2 and Group 4A of the Periodic Table:W) sulfurX) carbonY) nitrogenZ) oxygenANSWER: X) CARBONTOSS-UP12) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Tomorrow's weather forecast report for Venuswould be:W) snowX) cold & clearY) hot & humid with clear skiesZ) overcast & hotANSWER: Z) OVERCAST & HOTBONUS10) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice What part of the cotton plant produces what isused to make cotton fabric.W) flowers or seed podsX) fibers in the stemsY) root hairsZ) fibers in the leavesANSWER: W) FLOWERS OR SEED PODS(Solution: The flowers of the cotton plant develop into seed pods and the seeds inside the podsare surrounded with an abundance of fine white hairs which are used to produce long strands orfilaments of cotton thread.)Junior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 6

TOSS-UP13) MATH Short Answer In standard form, give the product of (a b)2:ANSWER: a2 2ab b2BONUS13) MATH Short Answer Solve the following equation: 2x 4 6 2xANSWER: NO SOLUTION (ACCEPT: FALSE, CONTRADICTION, DEFECTIVEEQUATION, ETC.)TOSS-UP14) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice In bean and corn seeds, the food supply that is used by theseed to germinate and grow is in the:W) cotyledon (PRONOUNCED: KOT-ill-ee-don)X) root tipY) abcission zoneZ) petioleANSWER: W) COTYLEDONBONUS14) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following infectious diseases cannot becured with current antibiotics:W) strep throatX) toxic shock syndromeY) scarlet feverZ) influenzaANSWER: Z) INFLUENZAJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 7

TOSS-UP15) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice The green pigment in plants that captures the energy ofsunlight and initiates photosynthesis is called:W) chlorophyllX) anthocyaninY) caroteneZ) xanthophyllsANSWER: W) CHLOROPHYLLBONUS15) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is an ectoparasite:W) tape wormX) malariaY) pinwormZ) liceANSWER: Z) LICETOSS-UP16) EARTH SCIENCE Short Answer What is the name for the fossilized sap of ancient conifertrees that has become brittle and hard, transparent, and yellow to brown in color:ANSWER: AMBERBONUS16) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following minerals constituteapproximately 60% of the Earth’s crust:W) feldsparX) quartzY) calciteZ) dolomiteANSWER: W) FELDSPARJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 8

TOSS-UP17) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice In humans, fertilization of the egg occurs mosttypically in which of the following?W) ovaryX) vaginaY) uterusZ) fallopian tubeANSWER: Z) FALLOPIAN TUBEBONUS17) GENERAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is closest to the length of aU.S. five dollar bill?W) 6 cmX) 12 cmY) 16 cmZ) 22 cmANSWER: Y) 16 CMTOSS-UP18) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer In a typical four cycle gasoline car engine, what arethe most common names for the third stage or cycle of the engine if the first cycle is the intake?ANSWER: IGNITION(ACCEPT: POWER)BONUS18) GENERAL SCIENCE Short Answer Order the following from the least used energy sourceto produce electricity in the U.S.A. to the most: hydroelectricity, oil, coal, nuclearANSWER: HYDROELECTRICITY, OIL, NUCLEAR, COALJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 9

TOSS-UP*19) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice A manual laborer moves 40 kilograms of flour 5feet above the ground in 5 seconds. If she does the same task in twice the time it involves adifferent amount of what:W) powerX) workY) kinetic energyZ) potential energyANSWER: W) POWERBONUS19) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer What is the chemical symbol for the toxic elementthat causes mental retardation and is medically referred to as Plumbism?ANSWER: PbTOSS-UP20) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is primarily involved in themovement of a glacier:W) running waterX) ambient temperatureY) topologyZ) gravityANSWER: Z) GRAVITYBONUS20) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple choice The Saffir-Simpson Scale is used to classify intensitiesof:W) hurricanesX) tornadoesY) earthquakesZ) volcanic eruptionsANSWER: W) HURRICANESJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 10

TOSS-UP21) MATH Multiple Choice The equation, x -4, is which of the following:W) a true statementX) a false statementY) a conditional equationZ) an equivalent equationANSWER: Y) A CONDITIONAL EQUATIONBONUS21) MATH Short Answer Express the square root of 75 in its simplest radical form:ANSWER: 5 3TOSS-UP22) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Short Answer This person established the “one fluid theory” ofelectricity and performed some of the first investigations into electrical grounding and insulation:ANSWER: BEN FRANKLINBONUS*22) PHYSICAL SCIENCE Multiple Choice What is always unchanged in any chemicalreaction as reactants form products:W) the number of moleculesX) the kind and number of atomsY) the temperatureZ) the pressureANSWER: X) THE KIND AND NUMBER OF ATOMSJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 11

TOSS-UP23) EARTH SCIENCE Multiple Choice A continental glacier is found in which of thefollowing locations:W) The Swiss AlpsX) The Canadian RockiesY) GreenlandZ) The Andes MountainsANSWER: Y) GREENLANDBONUS23) EARTH SCIENCE Short Answer The ability of mica to split into flat planar flakesresembling the leaves of a book is called what?ANSWER: CLEAVAGETOSS-UP24) MATH Short Answer What is the square root of ¼?ANSWER: ½BONUS24) MATH Short Answer Simplify the following algebraic expression: 4x – 3(a – b)ANSWER: 4x – 3a 3bJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 12

TOSS-UP25) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice Which of the following is the hormone produced by thehuman body to control blood sugar and when not produced in sufficient amounts is the cause ofsome forms of diabetes:W) hemoglobinX) pituitary hormoneY) insulinZ) testosteroneANSWER: Y) INSULINBONUS25) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice The wing of a bird and the arm of a human areconsidered:W) congruent structuresX) analogous structuresY) homologous structuresZ) vestigial structuresANSWER: Y) HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURESJunior National Science BowlSingle Elimination 1Page 13

1) MATH Short Answer Factor the expression: x2 3x – 10 ANSWER: (x 5)(x – 2) TOSS-UP 2) LIFE SCIENCE Multiple Choice A summary reaction for photosynthesis is: W) CO2 O2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate O2 X) CO2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate O2 Y) CO2 H2O and light yields carbohydrate H2O

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