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Switchingto MacSuperguide

ForewordWelcome to the Mac world. Things probably look a little strangearound here. There’s no Start menu down at the bottom of thescreen. Menus stay up at the top no matter which applicationyou’re using. And those green, yellow, and red buttons in windowcorners don’t do exactly the same things they did on your old PC.The differences are more than visual. Moving from Windows toOS X means rewiring your muscle memory and learning to do oldthings in new ways. The basic stuff you do dozens of times a day—opening and closing programs and files, managing windows—areall done differently on a Mac. Switching can feel like you’ve beentransported to a country where the language sounds vaguely familiar, but is definitely not your native tongue. This book will be yourguide and interpreter.In this guide, we’ll give you a quick orientation to your newcomputing landscape and its principal parts (the Finder, the Dock,the Menu Bar). We’ll show you how to work with files and programsand how to get started with OS X’s built-in applications. We canalso help you make the move, transferring your old files to yournew system and setting things up so they look and work the wayyou want them to. We’ll even show you how to run Windows onyour Mac (if you must) or to share files, screens, backup drives, androuters between your new Mac and Windows PCs.Think of us as a friendly new neighbor: eager to welcome youand happy to do whatever we can to help you settle in.1

Table of ContentsNavigateYour Mac44The FinderThe Finder is the navigation portal for your Mac andwill help you keep files andfolders organized, locateapplications and otheritems, and move aroundyour system efficiently.1348The DockWork withApplicationsThe Menu Bar54The Apple’s menu bar contains all the basic commandsfor your Mac and its apps.Work with Files58Get the lowdown on handlingall types of files, includinghow to open, preview, andrename them.29Meet OS X’sIncluded AppsGet the scoop on all ofApple’s applications, fromWeb browsing in Safari togoofing off with your Webcam in Photo Booth.Search Your MacIf you’re a little lost, use theMac’s sophisticated searchfeatures to find your way.38Install, Uninstall, andUpdate ProgramsWorking with software isdifferent—and easier—on aMac. Learn how to add andremove programs in OS X.Get Oriented20Import Specific DataCheck out this sectionfor advice on transferringother information, such ase-mail messages, contacts,photos, and music.Use this handy feature toaccess apps quickly andkeep your desktop freeof clutter.18How to TransferPlan on transferring filesfrom a PC to a Mac? Here’severything you need to knowabout safely migratinggeneral data.77System PreferencesReplace WindowsSoftwareIf you’re seeking Mac equivalents to staple Windowssoftware, check out thesenoteworthy substitutes.Custom-tailor your Mac tosuit your needs with thesepreference settings.2Macbook pro Cover image courtesy of apple; pc image by robert cardin6Transfer Files

table of contentsRun Windowson Your Mac80How It WorksDid you know that you canactually run Windows on aMac? Here’s how to pick thebest tools and setups.81Use Boot CampBoot Camp is an Apple utilitythat lets you install a copy ofWindows on your Mac. Seehow it works and decide ifit’s the solution for you.83Use a VirtualizationProgramOther Windows-on-a-Macsolutions include the virtualization programs VirtualBox,Fusion, and Parallels. Learnhow they differ and pick thebest one for your tasks.87Migrate Your PCMove your old PC programsand files directly into a virtualversion of Windows runningon your Mac.3

The Switcher’sRosetta Stone:Your key to Windows-to-Mac translationMost major Windows features have equivalents on your new Mac.If you used this inWindows.look here in OS X.For more informationsee Start menuApple menu andApplications folderNavigate Your MacchapterTaskbarDockNavigate Your MacchapterSystem TrayRight side of menubarNavigate Your MacchapterExplorerFinderNavigate Your MacchapterPreview PaneQuick LookGet Oriented chapterMy Network PlacesSharing preferencepaneWork with WindowsComputers chapterControl PanelSystem PreferencesGet Oriented chapterMy DocumentsHome folderGet Oriented chapterSearchSpotlightGet Oriented chapterGadgets and Sidebar(Vista and Windows 7)DashboardWork with ApplicationschapterBackup (XP) andBackup and RestoreCenter (Vista andWindows 7)Time MachineTroubleshoot Your MacchapterRecycle BinTrashNavigate Your Macchapter4

NavigateYour MacGetting acquainted with any newoperating system can be difficult.Leaving the familiar world of theWindows PC is a bit disorienting, and thosewho switch to the Mac often find themselvesfacing strange terms, unfamiliar interface elements, and a host of seemingly inexplicablefeatures. But OS X’s built-in navigation toolstake the stress out of getting around yournew system.Adjusting to OS X is less like learninghow to drive than it is like figuring out thecontrols in a new car. This chapter will guideyou through some common OS X interfaceelements that help you find files and folders,and will get you navigating your Mac like apro. Before you know it, you’ll go from clueless newbie to confident power user.5Table of contents6The Finder13The Dock18The Menu Bar

Navigate Your MacThe FinderThe Finder is the space where you interact with your Mac—it is yourcomputer’s metaphorical face (and the Dock represents it with a smilingblue face). When you look at your desktop (see “The Big Picture”) or ata window showing your files and folders, you’re looking at the Finder.You’ll use the Finder for many of your day-to-day tasks. For instance,it’s where you create new folders; review information about the size offiles; move, duplicate, and delete files; burn files to CD-R or DVD-Rdiscs; browse your Mac’s hard drive; and even find files through theFinder’s Spotlight search feature (you’ll read more about that in the GetOriented chapter.Some features in the two operating systems, such as Windows Vista’sSearch and OS X’s Spotlight, are practically identical. Keyboard com-Application menuFast User Switching menuSpotlight menuMenu barApplemenuSearch fieldFinder windowInternalhard driveHome folderExternalhard driveSidebarDesktopDockThe Big Picture Here’s a quick look at your desktop’s components—itemswe’ll refer to again and again in the pages of this book.6

Navigate Your Macmands you know from Windows tend to work in OS X too, as long youhold down the 1 key instead of Control. Even Alt-Tab application switching is nearly identical, except that you use 1-Tab instead.The Main Finder WindowYou can navigate all the files, folders, and applications on your Mac froma Finder window. To open a new window, click an empty part of yourdesktop, click File in the menu bar, and select New Finder Window (orpress 1-N). You’ll also get a new Finder window whenever you click theFinder icon in your Dock, double-click a folder icon, or double-click yourhard drive’s icon on the desktop.OS X gives you four different ways to browse your files in a Finder window—the icon, list, column, and cover flow views (see “Pick a View”). Youcontrol a window’s view by using the Finder’s View menu or by clickingthe small View icons at the top of a Finder window.Icon View In icon view, you can arrange thumbnails of your files andfolders as you please, just as if you were working in real space. This isparticularly handy for a folder of photos, for instance. To change the sizeof the icons, drag the icon size slider at the bottom of the Finder windowto the left or right.List View You can also choose list view, which shows a list of filesand folders on alternating white and light blue rows. Next to each folderis a disclosure triangle. Click the triangle and you’ll see the contents ofthe folder without having to open it. This view is useful for sorting yourfiles according to a specific criterion—for example, alphabetically, bydate, or by file size. Click the header once to sort by that attribute; clicktwice to reverse the order. You can also add other columns of information in the View Options window (View Show View Options or 1-J).Column View If you need to navigate a large hard drive, columnview may be the best option. In one open window, you can get to anyspot on your hard drive with a few clicks. In this view, each columncorresponds to a location on your hard drive. Click a folder and itscontents appear in the next column to the right. If you click a file ora program icon, information about that file or program appears in thenext column.Cover Flow View When you click the Cover Flow button in theFinder, previews of your files appear as glossy graphics in the top sectionof the window; the same files are shown in a list in the bottom section.Cover flow view is great when you need to sift through a folder of photos,videos, or even text files, and it offers a more detailed preview—you can7

Navigate Your MacabcdPick a View There are four ways to view Finder windows in OS X: iconview A, list view B, column view C, and cover flow view D. Choose oneby clicking the appropriate view button at the top of the Finder window.page through PDFs and text files, and play movie and audio files (see“Press Play”).The Finder SidebarThe sidebar is the light blue list of disks, shared drives, locations, andsearches that appears on the left edge of all your Finder windows (see“On the Side”). If you click an icon once in the sidebar, that item willlaunch (if it’s an application) or open (if it’s a folder, file, or device). Itemsin the Finder’s sidebar are arranged by category—Devices, Shared,Places, and Search For. Hide or reveal a category’s items by clicking thedisclosure triangle next to the category name. Click and drag any itemaway from the sidebar to make it disappear in a puff of smoke. If youwant to rearrange items in a category, just click and drag an item up ordown. You can also select Finder Preferences, click Sidebar, and thenselect or deselect items to add or delete them from the list there.Devices Items in this category include your computer; its harddrives; any external drives or peripherals you have connected; your iDisk8

Navigate Your MacPress PlayIn SnowLeopard,you can preview text files,PDFs, movies,and musicfrom within theFinder.(if you have a MobileMe account and have it mounted or if you uselocal iDisk syncing); and any connected CDs, DVDs, or iPods. Using thesidebar’s Devices category, you can quickly eject disks or hard drivesby Control-clicking (equivalent to right-clicking in Windows) a device inthe sidebar and selecting the Eject option in the contextual menu. If thedevice you want to eject has any open files or is in use, you’ll get an errormessage. You can’t eject your Mac’s startup disk either.Shared This category includes other computers or storage devices on your network. Not only do Macs show up here, but also anyWindows, Linux, or Unix computers that Apple’s Bonjour networkingtechnology recognizes. Other shared items will display in this sectionif you use the Finder’s Go Connect To Server command to connect to them. If any computers on your network are missing from thiscategory, you may need to relaunch the Finder. To do so, hold downthe Option key, then click and hold the Finder icon in the Dock, andchoose Relaunch Finder from the menu that appears. This will updatethe Finder’s display.Places This category lets you access folders and files with a singleclick. By default, folders such as your Home folder (represented by thehouse icon with your user name next to it), Applications, Documents, andDesktop will be here. To add a folder or file to this section, select it anddrag it to the sidebar position you want. Alternatively, you can select an9

Navigate Your MacabcdOn the Side The Finder’s sidebar has four sections: Devices A, Shared B,Places C, and Search For D.item in the Finder, press 1-T, and it will appear in the sidebar under Placesas well. The Finder sidebar also appears to the side of Open and Savedialog boxes, making it a great way to save files into folders you use often.Search For This section contains smart folders—saved Findersearches. These include both the Finder’s default smart folders, suchas Today (files you’ve used today) and All Movies (all your video files),and any that you’ve created.Create a smart folder by selecting File New Smart Folder. Click theplus sign ( ) underneath the search field. Then, from the pop-up menu,select Other. In the list that appears, select File Label. In the Finderwindow, click the red square and then click Save. In the dialog box thatappears, name the folder, select the Add To Sidebar option, and thenclick Save.10

Navigate Your MacThe Finder ToolbarAt the top of each Finder window is a toolbar. It’s visible all the time,unless you hide it by pressing 1-Option-T (this also hides the sidebar).By default, the toolbar contains a number of useful buttons, as well asthe search field. Click the back and forward buttons to navigate to folders you’ve visited recently. Click any of the four View buttons to set yourFinder view. Click the Action menu (labeled with a gear icon) to quicklycreate a new folder, make a file alias, move something to the Trash, andmore. Click the Quick Look button (labeled with an eye icon) to view thecontents of a file, or to turn a bunch of images into a slideshow.To quickly jump to another folder in your hierarchy, control-click orright-click on the window’s title bar above the toolbar. You’ll get a list ofparent folders.You can customize the toolbar by choosing View Customize Toolbar.There are about a dozen buttons you can add for actions you performoften, such as ejecting disks or getting information about files. You canalso add your favorite files, folders, or programs to the toolbar. Drag anitem up to the toolbar to a position and then wait a second. The cursorwill change to a green plus sign. Release the item or move it to a differentlocation, and it will be added to the toolbar. Once you’ve added an item tothe toolbar, just click to open or launch it; you can also drag files, folders,and applications onto the toolbar.You can change the size of toolbar icons, as well as whether theirnames display; you can even forgo icons in favor of text. Do this fromthe Customize Toolbar dialog box or by 1-clicking the button at the topright of the window. Keep clicking while holding down the 1 key to cyclethrough the six possibilities.11

Navigate Your MacMaster the FinderAlthough you can access most Finder commands from the Findermenu bar, using keyboard shortcuts for common actions will save youa lot of time.If You Want to Do This .Press ThisOpen a new Finder window1-NCreate a new folder1-Shift-NGet more information about aselected file or folder1-ISwitch to icon view1-1Switch to list view1-2Switch to column view1-3Switch to cover flow view1-4Show view options for a folder1-JCreate an alias of an item1-LMove the selected item(s) to the Trash1-DeleteSelect multiple files and folders even if they aren’tnext to one another1-clickSelect multiple files and folders that are nextto one anotherShift-clickBring up a contextual menu withadditional optionsControl-clickCreate a copy of the item you’re draggingOption-dragCreate an alias of the item you’re dragging butleave the original where it is1-Option-dragStart a search1-FJump to your user folder1-Shift-HJump to the Applications folder1-Shift-AGet help with the Finder1-Shift-?12

Navigate Your MacThe DockThe Dock in OS X is your one-stop shop for opening and switching between programs, managing window clutter, and accessingimportant files. By default, the Dock sits at the very bottom of yourscreen and displays applications on the left side of the divider and minimized windows, stacks, and the Trash on the right (see “Meet the Dock”).Putting applications in the Dock allows you to get to them with just oneclick instead of having to access your Applications folder. Once you’vefilled the Dock with your preferred applications, you can use it to executebasic commands like Open, Close, Force Quit, and more.Add and Remove ProgramsThe Dock comes prestocked with the programs Apple considers mostimportant, but you’re not restricted to just these programs. Wheneveryou launch a program, its icon appears on the Dock. When you quit theprogram, that icon will vanish—unless you add it permanently. If youwant a program’s icon to remain in the Dock even when it’s not running,click and hold the program’s Dock icon and select Options Keep InDock from the pop-up menu.To add an icon for an application that is not running currently, openyour Applications folder and drag the program’s icon to any spot tothe left of the Dock’s divider bar, then release the mouse button. Itemsadded in this manner will remain in your Dock at all times. You can movean icon by dragging it to another spot on the Dock. Note that if youmove a running application to another spot on the Dock, it will becomea permanent Dock resident without requiring that you set the Keep InDock option.aEbdcMeet the Dock The Dock gives you one-click access to applications suchas iTunes A, as well as folders b and files. The white dots under icons showwhich programs are running c. Drag files you no longer need to the Trash d.Right-click or Control-click the divider bar E to see more Dock options.13

Navigate Your MacThere are two waysto get rid of unwanteditems in your Dock.The fun method is toclick and hold the iconyou’d like to remove,and then drag it off theDock. When you releasethe mouse button, theicon vanishes in a puffof smoke. (Don’t worry:removing an icon fromyour Dock does notremove it from yoursystem.) You can alsoremove an item from theDock by right-clicking orControl-clicking the iconand selecting RemoveFrom Dock from thecontextual menu.Look Inside When you right-click or Control-clickthe Dock’s Mail icon, you’ll get options to compose a new message or note or to fetch new mail,as well as quick access to all open Mail windows.Work with Applications in the DockClick any application’s Dock icon once, and it will bounce a single timeand then launch the app. (When an icon bounces multiple times, thatmeans the program needs your attention.) A white dot with a blue halounderneath an application icon indicates that the program is currentlyrunning. If you’re not sure which application an icon represents, hoveryour cursor over the icon, and the application’s name will appear aboveit. You can quickly switch between open applications by clicking theiricons in the Dock.You can also use the Dock to open a file in an application other thanits default by dragging the file onto the application you want to use.However, if that application doesn’t recognize the file type, it won’t openthe file.To close a program via the Dock, click and hold or control-click anyicon in the Dock to open a contextual menu. If the program is running,you’ll see the option to quit. When an application freezes, the contextualmenu will also offer an option to force-quit that program. (If you don’t seeit, Option-Control-click to access it manually.)14

Navigate Your MacWhen you Control- or right-click an application’s Dock icon, many programs offer other useful shortcuts (such as program-specific commandsor a way to switch between open files). For instance, the contextual menufor Mail lets you retrieve your e-mail messages and start a new messageor note (see “Look Inside”). If you want to see where an item is stored,choose Options Show In Finder from the contextual menu, and a Finderwindow will appear with the item highlighted.Manage Clutter with the DockIf you have several different windows open for a single application, as wellas windows for other programs, things can get a bit messy. To clear upsome space, click and hold a Dock’s icon and you’ll immediately see allopen windows for just that program. Choose the window you want, andeverything else will slide back into place.If you don’t want to quit a program but

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