2301A Load Sharing & Speed Control With Dual Dynamics
Installation and Operation Manual2301A Load Sharing & Speed Controlwith Dual DynamicsManual 82046
WARNING—DANGER OF DEATH OR PERSONAL INJURYWARNING—FOLLOW INSTRUCTIONSRead this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to be performedbefore installing, operating, or servicing this equipment. Practice all plant and safetyinstructions and precautions. Failure to follow instructions can cause personal injury and/orproperty damage.WARNING—OUT-OF-DATE PUBLICATIONThis publication may have been revised or updated since this copy was produced. To verifythat you have the latest revision, be sure to check the Woodward website:www.woodward.com/pubs/current.pdfThe revision level is shown at the bottom of the front cover after the publication number. Thelatest version of most publications is available at:www.woodward.com/publicationsIf your publication is not there, please contact your customer service representative to getthe latest copy.WARNING—OVERSPEED PROTECTIONThe engine, turbine, or other type of prime mover should be equipped with an overspeedshutdown device to protect against runaway or damage to the prime mover with possiblepersonal injury, loss of life, or property damage.The overspeed shutdown device must be totally independent of the prime mover controlsystem. An overtemperature or overpressure shutdown device may also be needed forsafety, as appropriate.WARNING—PROPER USEAny unauthorized modifications to or use of this equipment outside its specifiedmechanical, electrical, or other operating limits may cause personal injury and/or propertydamage, including damage to the equipment. Any such unauthorized modifications: (i)constitute "misuse" and/or "negligence" within the meaning of the product warrantythereby excluding warranty coverage for any resulting damage, and (ii) invalidate productcertifications or listings.CAUTION—POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT OR PROPERTYCAUTION—BATTERY CHARGINGTo prevent damage to a control system that uses an alternator or battery-charging device, makesure the charging device is turned off before disconnecting the battery from the system.CAUTION—ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGEElectronic controls contain static-sensitive parts. Observe the following precautions toprevent damage to these parts. Discharge body static before handling the control (with power to the control turned off,contact a grounded surface and maintain contact while handling the control). Avoid all plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam (except antistatic versions) around printed circuitboards. Do not touch the components or conductors on a printed circuit board with your handsor with conductive devices. IMPORTANT DEFINITIONSA WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in A CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in A NOTE provides other helpful information that does not fall under the warning or cautiondeath or serious injury.damage to equipment or property.categories.Woodward Governor Company reserves the right to update any portion of this publication at any time. Informationprovided by Woodward Governor Company is believed to be correct and reliable. However, no responsibility isassumed by Woodward Governor Company unless otherwise expressly undertaken. Woodward 1990All Rights Reserved
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsContentsELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE AWARENESS .IIICHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION . 1Description.1Dual Dynamics .1System Accommodating Features .2References .3CHAPTER 2. INSTALLATION. 4Unpacking.4Selection of Speed Range.4Power Requirements .4Location Considerations.5Electrical Connections.5Shielded Wiring .5Power Sensing And Load Sharing Connections .6Power Supply .7External Adjustments.8Switch Options.8Speed Sensor.9Dual Dynamic Contact.9Start Fuel Limit Disable Contact.10Installation Checkout Procedure .10CHAPTER 3. OPERATION AND ADJUSTMENT . 14Initial Pre-Start Settings.14Start-up Adjustments .15Adjust for Stable Operation .16Speed Setting Adjustment.16Dynamic Adjustment.16Actuator Compensation Adjustment.17Low Idle Speed Adjustment.17Accel Ramp Time Adjustment .18Decel Ramp Time Adjustment.18Start Fuel Limit Adjustment .18Speed Sensor Check .20Current Transformer (CT) Phasing Check .20Phase Correction Procedure .21Load Gain Adjustment .24Droop Adjustment.24Setting Droop and Load Gain, using an Infinite Bus for Load.25CHAPTER 4. DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION . 27Introduction.27Dual Dynamics .27Speed Control.28Terminals for External Devices .30Paralleling.31Power Supply .33CHAPTER 5. TROUBLESHOOTING . 34Woodwardi
2301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsManual 82046ContentsCHAPTER 6. SERVICE OPTIONS .37Product Service Options.37Returning Equipment for Repair.38Replacement Parts .39How to Contact Woodward.39Engineering Services.40Technical Assistance.41Illustrations and TablesFigure 2-1. Speed Range Switch .4Figure 2-2. Preparation of Shielded Cables .6Figure 2-3. Plant Wiring Diagram .11Figure 2-4. Plant Wiring Diagram and Optional Connections .12Figure 2-5. Outline Drawing of 2301A Speed Control With Dual Dynamics .13Figure 3-1. Diesel Engine Performance Curves.19Figure 3-2. Temporary Wiring for Transformer Phase Correction .22Figure 3-3. Droop Adjustment .25Figure 3-4. Droop Base Load with 5% Droop .26Figure 4-1. Second Dynamics Adjustments .27Figure 4-2. Speed Control System .28Figure 4-3. Speed Control Adjustments .29Figure 4-4. Reverse Acting System.31Figure 4-5. Paralleling System .31Figure 4-6. Terminal Connections .32Figure 4-7. Paralleling Adjustments .33iiWoodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsElectrostatic Discharge AwarenessAll electronic equipment is static-sensitive, some components more than others.To protect these components from static damage, you must take specialprecautions to minimize or eliminate electrostatic discharges.Follow these precautions when working with or near the control.1.Before doing maintenance on the electronic control, discharge the staticelectricity on your body to ground by touching and holding a grounded metalobject (pipes, cabinets, equipment, etc.).2.Avoid the build-up of static electricity on your body by not wearing clothingmade of synthetic materials. Wear cotton or cotton-blend materials as muchas possible because these do not store static electric charges as much assynthetics.3.Keep plastic, vinyl, and Styrofoam materials (such as plastic or Styrofoamcups, cup holders, cigarette packages, cellophane wrappers, vinyl books orfolders, plastic bottles, and plastic ash trays) away from the control, themodules, and the work area as much as possible.4.Do not remove the printed circuit board (PCB) from the control cabinetunless absolutely necessary. If you must remove the PCB from the controlcabinet, follow these precautions: Do not touch any part of the PCB except the edges. Do not touch the electrical conductors, the connectors, or thecomponents with conductive devices or with your hands. When replacing a PCB, keep the new PCB in the plastic antistaticprotective bag it comes in until you are ready to install it. Immediatelyafter removing the old PCB from the control cabinet, place it in theantistatic protective bag.CAUTION—ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGETo prevent damage to electronic components caused by improper handling,read and observe the precautions in Woodward manual 82715, Guide forHandling and Protection of Electronic Controls, Printed Circuit Boards, andModules.Woodwardiii
2301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsivManual 82046Woodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsChapter 1.General InformationDescriptionThe 2301A controls load sharing and speed of generators driven by diesel or gasengines, or steam or gas turbines. These power sources are referred to as"prime movers" throughout this manual.The control is housed in a sheet-metal chassis and consists of a single printedcircuit board. All potentiometers are accessible from the front of the chassis.The 2301A provides control in either the isochronous or droop mode.The isochronous mode is used for constant speed of the controlled prime moverwith: Single prime mover operation Two or more prime movers controlled by Woodward Governor Companyload sharing control systems on an isolated bus Base loading against an infinite bus with load controlled by an AutomaticPower Transfer and Load (APTL) Control, an Import/Export Control, aGenerator Loading Control, a Process Control, or another load-controllingaccessoryDesignations for products covered in this manual:SupplyVoltage10 to 40 Vdc88-131 Vacor90-150 VdcForward ActingPart Number8272-766Reverse ActingPart Number8272-7688272-7678272-769The droop mode is used for speed control as a function of load with: Single prime mover operation on an infinite bus or Parallel operation of two or more prime moversThe basic 2301A system for a single prime-mover generator consists of: A 2301A electronic control An external 20 to 40 Vdc power source (low voltage model), or an external90 to 150 Vdc or 88 to 132 Vac power source (high voltage model) A speed-sensing device (MPU) A proportional actuator to position the fuel- or steam-metering device Current and potential transformers for measuring the load carried by thegeneratorDual DynamicsThe 2301A with Dual Dynamics is primarily used in applications where theresponse time of the prime mover changes dramatically between start-up orunloaded and loaded situations, or in dual fuel applications.Woodward1
2301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsManual 82046Each set of dynamics has its own gain, reset, and actuator compensationadjustments. The selection of dynamics is made by a switch contact. A lightemitting diode (LED) on the front of the 2301A control indicates when thealternate set of dynamics is being used by the control.System Accommodating Features2301A Controls with Dual Dynamics are available for forward- or reverse-actingapplications. High voltage models accept 88 to 132 Vac, 45 to 440 Hz, or 90 to150 Vdc. Low voltage models accept 20 to 40 Vdc supply. Changing the supplyvoltage rating requires exchanging the unit for the properly rated control. Thehigh voltage model is identified as "115 Vac/125 Vdc" on the front of the control.The low voltage model is identified as "24 Vdc" on the front of the control.A listing of controls and applications is provided on page iv of this manual.Speed RangeSpeed range is set by an internal dip switch, available inside the steel cover ofthe control. Speeds are set according to the sensor output frequency. Therelationship between prime-mover speed and sensor-output frequency isexpressed in the formula: Sensor Frequency in Hz equals the number of teeth onthe speed-sensing gear times the revolutions per minute of the sensing gear,divided by 60.Hz No. of teeth x RPM60Switch selectable speed ranges are:500 to 1500 Hz1000 to 3000 Hz2000 to 6000 Hz4000 to 12 000 HzThe speed range selected should cover the operating speed range of the primemover.Reverse ActingMost reverse acting controls will operate Woodward EGB governor/actuators. Inreverse-acting systems, the actuator calls for more fuel when the actuator currentdecreases. Complete loss of signal to the actuator will drive the actuator to fullfuel. This allows a backup mechanical ballhead governor to take control ratherthan shut down the prime mover as would a direct-acting system.External wiring connections for reverse-acting controls are identical to those fordirect-acting controls. However, the 2301A must be exchanged should a controlneed to operate the opposite type of actuator. Contact Woodward should it benecessary to change the type of control.2Woodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsStart Fuel Limit2301A Dual Fuel Controls include a start fuel limit which allows limiting the fuelsetting during start up. The start fuel limit feature may be disabled by a switch atthe terminal block. Start Fuel Limit Disable is especially desirable for use withreverse acting controls.Start-fuel limit should be disabled after start up when used with reverse-actingcontrols. With loss of speed signal, the reverse acting control will position theactuator at the start-fuel level if the failed-speed-signal override is activated.Reverse-acting systems normally require the control to demand full fuel on lossof speed signal to allow the mechanical backup governor to control the system.The Start Fuel Limit can be deactivated by an auxiliary generator breaker contactwhich will short terminal 31 to terminal 32. This CLOSE TO DISABLE STARTFUEL LIMIT contact will disable the start fuel limit after the prime mover hasbeen started and the generator breaker closed.ReferencesThe following Woodward publications contain additional product or installationinformation on speed controls and related components. These publications areavailable on the Woodward website 82343TitleGoverning Fundamentals and Power ManagementElectric Control Installation GuideSPM-A SynchronizerMagnetic Pickups and Proximity Switches for Electronic ControlsSpeed Setting PotentiometersDigital Reference UnitProduct Specification820472301A Load Sharing & Speed Controls with Dual Dynamics82383SPM-A Synchronizer82516EG-3P/-6P/-10P Actuator82575EGB-1P/-2P Governor/ActuatorWoodward3
2301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsManual 82046Chapter 2.InstallationUnpackingBefore handling the control, read page ii, "Electrostatic Discharge Awareness".Be careful when unpacking the electronic control. Check the control for signs ofdamage such as bent or dented panels, scratches, and loose or broken parts.Notify the shipper of any damage.Selection of Speed RangeA 4-pole mini-switch is located on the right-hand side of the printed circuit board.This switch sets the controlling speed range as sensed by the MPU. The speedsare related to the MPU frequency, which is proportional to engine RPM. Thecontrol is shipped with Switch 3 on for 2000 to 6000 Hz. Switch 1 provides 500 to1500 Hz, Switch 2 provides 1000 to 3000 Hz, and Switch 4 provides 4000 to12 000 Hz. Select only one switch on to match the control to the MPU frequency.Figure 2-1. Speed Range SwitchPower RequirementsHigh and low voltage models of 2301A Speed Controls are available.Low voltage models require a supply of 20 to 40 Vdc, 15 watts maximum.High Voltage models require a supply of 88 to 132 Vac or 90 to 150 Vdc., 15watts maximum. The ac supply may be 45 to 440 Hz.If a battery is used for operating power, an alternator or other battery chargingdevice is necessary to maintain a stable supply voltage.4Woodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsCAUTION—BATTERYTo prevent damage to the control, make sure that the alternator or otherbattery-charging device is not connected to the control when the battery isdisconnected from the control.Location ConsiderationsConsider these requirements when selecting the mounting location: Adequate ventilation for cooling Space for servicing and repair Protection from direct exposure to water or to a condensation-proneenvironment. Protection from high-voltage or high-current devices, or devices whichproduce electromagnetic interference. Protection from excessive vibration. An ambient operating temperature range of –40 to 85 C (–40 to 185 F).Do not mount the control on the engine.Electrical ConnectionsExternal wiring connections and shielding requirements for a typical controlinstallation are shown in the plant wiring diagram, Figures 2-3 and 2-4. Thesewiring connections and shielding requirements are explained in the balance ofthis chapter.Shielded WiringAll shielded cable must be twisted conductor pairs. Do not attempt to tin thebraided shield. All signal lines should be shielded to prevent picking up straysignals from adjacent equipment. Connect the shields to the grounding terminalindicated in the plant wiring diagram. Keep grounding connections under 6inches (15 cm) length. Refer to local wiring codes for proper grounding methods.Wire exposed beyond the shield should be as short as possible, not exceeding 2inches (5 cm). The other end of the shields must be left open and insulated fromany other conductor. Do not run shielded signal wires with other wires carryinglarge currents. See Application Note 50532, EMI Control for Electronic GoverningSystems, for more information.Where shielded cable is required, cut the cable to the desired length and preparethe cable as instructed below and shown in Figure 2-2.1.Strip outer insulation from both ends, exposing the braided or spiralwrapped shield. Do not cut the shield on the control end. Cut off the shieldon the end away from the 2301A control.2.Use a sharp, pointed tool to carefully spread the strands of the shield.3.Pull the inner conductors out of the shield. Twist braided shields to preventfraying.Woodward5
2301A LSSC with Dual Dynamics4.Manual 82046Connect lugs to the shield and to the control wires. Number 6 slotted orround crimp-on terminals are used for most installations. Connect the wiresto the appropriate terminals on the control.Figure 2-2. Preparation of Shielded CablesInstallations with severe electromagnetic interference (EMI) may require shieldedwire run in conduit, double shielded wire, or other precautions. ContactWoodward for additional information.Power Sensing And Load Sharing ConnectionsNOTEThe control is phase sensitive. If at all possible be certain of the phase A, B,and C locations before wiring the control. The method of correcting anincorrectly wired control is time consuming and can be avoided only byhaving the correct wiring of the three phases from the beginning.Potential Transformer ConnectionsConnect the potential transformer secondary leads to the following terminals: Phase A to terminal 1 Phase B to terminal 2 Phase C to terminal 3The potential transformer secondary line-to-line voltage must be in the 90 to 240volt RMS range. Refer to the plant wiring diagram, Figures 2-3 and 2-4.Current Transformer ConnectionsThe standard method of connecting the current transformers is shown in theplant wiring diagram, Figure 2-3. An alternate method is the open deltaconnection shown in Figure 2-4 of the plant wiring diagram.The current transformers should be sized to provide 5 amps secondary currentwhen the generator is at full load. A minimum of 3 amps and a maximum of 7amps secondary current is necessary for proper load sharing operation.6Woodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsDroop Contact (Isoch-Droop) and Load Sharing LinesBecause the load-sharing-line relay is contained in the control, no relay isrequired between the control and the load-sharing-line bus. Use shielded cableand connect the load-sharing lines directly to terminals 10 ( ) and 11 (–).Connect the shield to terminal 12. When all controls in the system are of the2301A type, the shields may be connected continuously between the controls.When load sharing with different controls, do not connect the shields at the pointwhere connections are made to the load-sharing-line bus.The droop contact for selecting droop or isochronous operation is wired in serieswith the circuit-breaker auxiliary contact between terminal 14 and terminal 16(terminal 0 on high-voltage controls). When both the droop contact and circuitbreaker auxiliary contact are closed, the control is in the isochronous loadsharing mode. In this mode the internal load-sharing-line relay is energized, thedroop signal is disabled permitting isochronous load sharing, and the loadmatching circuit is connected to the load-sharing lines.The control is in the droop mode when EITHER the droop contact or the circuitbreaker auxiliary contact is open. If the droop contact is open, the controlremains in the droop mode, even when the circuit-breaker auxiliary contact isclosed.NOTEThe control is in the droop mode whenever the circuit-breaker auxiliarycontact is open. If a single prime mover is required to run isochronouslywith an isolated load, turn the DROOP potentiometer fully counterclockwise.Droop operation is required when the generator is paralleled with an infinite buswithout a Generator Loading Control, Process Import/Export Control, AutomaticPower Transfer and Load Control or other load controlling accessory, or whenparalleled with incompatible governors. (All Woodward electric load-sharingsystems are compatible.) When running a single unit on an infinite bus with aLoad controlling accessory, terminal 14 must be connected to terminal 16(terminal 0 on high-voltage controls) to connect the Load Control Circuit to theload-sharing lines. The load-sharing lines must be wired to the load controlaccessory's output. The utility feeder's circuit-breaker auxiliary contact would beconnected to the load-control accessory to activate it only when the utility ispresent. when the utility is lost, the generator is then controlled in theisochronous mode at the rated frequency, carrying the plant load (if within thegenerator capability).Power SupplyRun the power leads directly from the power source to the control, connectingthe negative lead to terminal 15, and the positive lead to terminal 16. If the powersource is a battery, be sure the system includes an alternator or other batterycharging device.WARNING—DO NOT APPLY POWERDo NOT apply power to the control at this time. A powered up control couldallow the prime mover to start before control functions are operational. Thiscould allow a dangerous overspeed which can endanger life, even causingdeath and which can damage the physical equipment.Woodward7
2301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsManual 82046External AdjustmentsExternal Speed TrimA speed trim potentiometer or digital reference unit is connected to terminals 23and 24. Use a high quality 100 ohm, 10-turn potentiometer (Woodward part1657-537 or equivalent) to provide about 5% speed adjustment. The wires toterminals 23 and 24 must be shielded. Connect the shield to terminal 22.Terminals 23 and 24 must be jumpered if the speed trim potentiometer or digitalreference unit is not used. The 2301A control will have a jumper installed in thefactory and this must be removed if a speed-trim device is used.Switch OptionsMinimum Fuel ContactThe minimum-fuel contact between terminals 16 and 17 on the low-powermodels and 0 and 17 on the high-power models is intended as an optionalmeans for a normal shutdown of the prime mover. The contact is connected asshown on the plant wiring diagram for the particular control. If a minimum fuelcontact is not used, the terminals must be permanently jumpered.WARNING—EMERGENCY STOPDo NOT use the minimum-fuel contact as a part of any emergency stopsequence. The emergency may be caused by a governor malfunction whichwould also cause a malfunction of the minimum-fuel feature. Use of theminimum-fuel contact for an emergency stop sequence could causeoverspeed of the prime mover and mechanical damage and personal injury,including death.Failed Speed Signal OverrideCircuits in the 2301A Speed Control constantly monitor the signal from the MPU.Should this signal be below a minimum threshold, the control sends a minimumfuel signal to the actuator (maximum fuel signal on a reverse acting control).Before start-up of the prime mover, the speed signal is nonexistent, activating thefailed speed signal circuit. On units with cranking motors, the cranking speed isusually sufficient to provide a speed signal, so an override contact is not neededfor starting. On some steam turbine systems, the Close for Override of FailedSpeed Signal contact must be closed to allow the actuator to open the valve forstarting.The failed speed-signal override switch should be a momentary switch so thefailed-speed-sensor circuit will be enabled after start-up. (The failed speed-signaloverride should be left closed on reverse acting systems if auto transfer to theballhead is required.)8Woodward
Manual 820462301A LSSC with Dual DynamicsIdle/Rated Ramp ContactConnect a single-pole, single-throw switch between terminal 19 and terminal 16(terminal 0 on high-voltage controls) as shown on the appropriate plant-wiringdiagram. Close the contact for rated speed, open for idle. Oil pressure is oftenused to close this contact. When closed the control ramps up to rated speed.When the contact is open the prime mover's speed ramps down to idle.When a ramp time potentiometer is full cw the ramp time from idle to rated orrated to idle is 22 4 seconds. When a ramp time potentiometer is fully ccw theramp rate is less than 1 second from idle to rated or rated to idle.Ramp times are adjusted by setting the RAMP TIME ACCEL and RAMP TIMEDECEL potentiometers.Actua
2301A LSSC with Dual Dynamics Manual 82046 2 Woodward Each set of dynamics has its own gain, reset, and actuator compensation adjustments. The selection of dynamics is made by a switch contact. A light emitting diode (LED) on the front of the 2301A control indicates when the alternate set of dynamics is being used by the control.File Size: 915KBPage Count: 48
Manual 02303 2301A Load Sharing & Speed Control Woodward 1 Chapter 1. General Information Description The Woodward 2301A load sharing and speed control operates the load sharing and speed of generators driven by diesel or gasoline engines (it can also control generators driven by steam or gas turbines).
2301A Woodward Manual 26455 4 ProductLine Spec TechnicalManual ApplicationNote 2301A Speed Control 82021 82020 26796 (Installation Sheet) 2301A with 4–20 mA Input 02301 02302 2301A Load Sharing & Speed Control (9905 Series) 82390 82389 (9905/9907 Series) 50533 (Wiring the 9905 Series)
Manual 82389 2301A LSSC Woodward 1 Chapter 1. General Information Description The 9905/9907 series of the Woodward 2301A controls load sharing and speed of generators driven by diesel or gasoline engines, or steam or gas turbines. These power sources are referred to as "prime movers" throughout this manual.
Two or more prime movers controlled by Woodward load sharing control systems on an isolated bus; Base loading against an infinite bus with the load controlled by an Automatic Power Transfer and Load (APTL) Control, an Import/Export Control, a Generator Loading Control, a Process Control, or another load-controlling accessory.
Manual 82389 2301A LSSC Woodward 1 Chapter 1. General Information Description The 9905/9907 series of the Woodward 2301A controls load sharing and speed of generators driven by diesel or gasoline engines, or steam or gas turbines. These power sources are referred to as “prime movers” throughout this manual.
the EDG even during emergency loading, and its manual reset. 8. Understand advantages and disadvantages of digital systems. Purpose of Governor: To control fuel to engine cylinders so as to control speed of the unit, holding a constant . Figure 8-8 2301A Control Box. Woodward 2301A.
Active load sharing (kW) Generators running in parallel operation. Through connection of dedicated load sharing lines all FlexGen controllers can handle paralleling of a generator to other generators controlled by FlexGen, C6200, SIGMA, T4400, T4800 or B6000 load sharing units. Reactive load sharing (kVAr) Reactive load sharing between genera-
Anatomy is the study of the structure of living things. b. Physiology is the science of the functioning of living organisms and their component parts. SELF-ASSESSMENT EXERCISE 2 i. Factors that determine divisions in anatomy are: a. Degree of structural detail under consideration 5. HEM 604 BASIC ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN BODY b. Specific processes c. Medical application ii. The analysis .
