Getting Started With Rational Robot - Software Testing
Getting Startedwith Rational RobotVersion 2000.02.10
Getting Started with Rational RobotCopyright 1998-2000 Rational Software Corporation. All rights reserved. The contents of thismanual and the associated software are the property of Rational Software Corporation and arecopyrighted. Any reproduction in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. For additional copies of thismanual or software, please contact Rational Software Corporation.Rational, the Rational logo, PerformanceStudio, SiteCheck, TestFactory, TestStudio,O bject-O riented Recording, and O bject Testing are trademarks or registered trademarks of RationalSoftware Corporation in the U nited States and in other countries. Java and all Java-based marks aretrademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc. in the U nited States and othercountries. All other names are used for identification purposes only and are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of their respective companies.U .S. GO VERMEN T RIGH TS. U se, duplication, or disclosure by the U .S. Government is subject torestrictions set forth in the applicable Rational License Agreement and in DFARS 227.7202-1(a) and227.7202-3(a) (1995), DFARS 252.227-7013(c)(1)(ii) (O ct 1988), FAR 12.212(a) 1995, FAR52.227-19, or FAR 52.227-14, as applicable.Revised 04/2000This manual prepared by:Rational Software Corporation20 Maguire RoadLexington, MA 02421U .S.A.Phone:800-433-5444408-863-4000E-mail: support@rational.comWeb: http://www.rational.comP/N 800-023364-000ii
ã ã ãContents1IntroductionTake This Path to Successful Functional Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2H ow Does Rational Robot Work?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4U sing Rational Tools for Successful Software Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . 5What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112U pgrade Inform ationSummary of Tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13N ew Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14U sing Defect Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15U sing SQ A 6.x Repository Data in a Rational Repository. . . . . . . . . 153Learning Rational Robot - a T utorialWhat Is Automated Functional Testing?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21About the Sample Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22About the Tutorial Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Where to Find O ther U seful Testing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234Preparing to Start the T utorialBefore You Begin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Installing Rational Robot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275Test PlanningO bjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Defining Test Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Defining a Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34iii
Contents6Recording a ScriptO bjectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Recording a Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Viewing the Beginnings of the Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Adding Verification Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Reviewing the Verification Points You Recorded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46About the Script You Recorded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 487Playing Back a ScriptO bjectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Playing Back a Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518Testing a N ew Build and Evaluating ResultsO bjectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Viewing the N ew Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Playing Back a Script Against a N ew Build . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55Viewing the Test Results in the LogViewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Analyzing the Results in the Comparators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609Specifying and M anaging D efectsO bjectives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Scenario . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61Making Sure That Rational ClearQ uest Is Available. . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Creating a ClearQ uest Master Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Attaching a ClearQ uest Database to a Repository . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63Generating a Defect from the LogViewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64Accessing the Defect from the ClearQ uest Database . . . . . . . . . . . . 65iv
ContentsSending E-mail About a Defect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691 0 U sing Reports to M anage T est ProgressO bjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Scenario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71Running a Script Summary Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72Running a Defect Summary Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741 1 Enhancing Your ScriptsO bjective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Scenario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75Deleting the N ew Record from the Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Recording and Manually Customizing a Script . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76Creating a Library File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80Creating a H eader File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81Adding the H eader and Library Files to the Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82What’s N ext . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83v
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IntroductionãããIf you’ve installed Rational Robot, you’re on your way to ensuring that yourbusiness-critical client/server and Web applications perform exactly as you want.With Rational Robot, you can plan, develop, and execute functional tests for yourWindows N T 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows 98, and Windows 95 applications.Thanks to Robot’s cross-Windows technology, tests created for applications on oneWindows platform can be used to test applications on the others.H ere are some of the things that Rational Robot’s functional testing lets you do:ãTest the appearance and state of GU I objects and the interactions between clientapplications and server databases.ãTest Web and e-commerce applications developed using Java and DynamicH TML (DH TML).ãTest client/server applications developed using Microsoft Visual Basic, VisualC , O racle Developer/2000, and Sybase PowerBuilder.ãTest ERP applications developed by PeopleSoft, O racle, and SAP.1
IntroductionTake This Path to Successful Functional Testing1.Install Rational Robot as part ofone of these packages RationalSuite TestStudio, RationalTeamTest, or Rational Robot.2.Create a Rational repository withthe Rational Administrator tostore your test assets.3.Record and play back scripts inRational Robot.2
Take This Path to Successful Functional Testing4.Review the results of playback inthe Rational LogViewer andComparators.5.Create defects about any failuresin your scripts with RationalClearQ uest.6.Analyze the results of your testsby creating reports inTestManager, LogViewer, andClearQ uest.3
IntroductionHow Does Rational Robot Work?Rational Robot lets all members of your development and testing teams implementa complete and effective testing methodology.Robot replaces the repetitive, often error-prone process of manual testing with thesoftware tools to automate your testing effort. With Robot’s automated functionaltesting, you save time and ensure that your testing process produces predictable andaccurate results.With Robot, you can start recording tests in as few as two mouse clicks. Afterrecording, Robot plays back the tests in a fraction of the time it would take to repeatthe steps manually.Robot’s O bject-O riented Recording technology lets you generate scriptsquickly simply by running and using the application-under-test. O bject-O rientedRecording identifies objects by their internal object names, not by screencoordinates. And, if objects in successive builds change locations or their textchanges, Robot still finds and tests them during playback.Click here to startrecording.T hese are th eassets of th escript.Robot createsa script as youwork.T he script com pilershows that no errorsoccurred .Robot’s O bject T esting technology lets you test standard Windows objects anddevelopment environment (IDE) objects, whether they are visible or hidden in theinterface. With O bject Testing, you can test hundreds, even thousands of propertiesfor an object as well as an object’s data.4
U sing Rational Tools for Successful Software TestingUsing Rational Tools for Successful Software TestingRational Robot is part of a suite of integrated tools that deliver a comprehensivesolution for the entire functional testing process from writing and maintainingrequirements to creating effective test scripts to tracking defects and analyzingresults.This suite of Rational Test tools includes:Rational Adm inistrator – U se to administer Rational Test products andcomponents.Rational T estM anager – U se to plan tests and manage test assets.Rational LogViewer and Com parators – U se to review and analyze test results.Rational T estFactory – U se to automatically generate scripts that provide extensiveapplication coverage.Rational SiteCheck – U se to manage Internet and intranet Web sites.Rational ClearQ uest – U se to track and manage change requests throughout thedevelopment and testing process.Rational Purify, Visual Q uantify, Visual Pure Coverage – U se to perform runtime error-checking, determine application performance, and analyze code coverageduring playback.Managing Repositories with the Rational AdministratorThe Rational Administrator lets you create and manage Rational repositories usedfor storing application testing information. Each repository consists of one or moredatabases and several directories of files.Each repository con sistsof a Ra tional T estd ata base for storing testin form ation .A repository can alsocon tain a Clea rQ uestd ata base for storingd efect inform ation.Projects in therepositor y help youorganize your testinginform a tion an dresources for easytracking.5
IntroductionPlanning and Managing Tests with Rational TestManagerRational TestManager helps you plan testing strategies and manage your softwaretesting effort. You can use TestManager to track information through all phases ofthe software development, test, and revision cycles.If you want, you can skip using TestManager and simply start recording with Robot.But the preferred usage model for any testing activity is to plan first. This lets youknow the size of the testing effort at the beginning of a project. You’ll also be able toassign the development of each part of the testing project to the appropriate person.U sing TestManager to plan ahead ensures that your testing effort will run assmoothly as possible.With Rational TestManager, you can do the following:Create a testrequirem entshierarchy torepresen t thefeatures andfu nctionality thatneed to be tested inth e application.Plan a n ewscript or editth e propertiesof an existingscript.Create, m anage, anddisplay queries, reports,and bu ilds.D isplay th eresults of aquer y.6
U sing Rational Tools for Successful Software TestingAnalyzing Results in the LogViewer and ComparatorsThe Rational LogViewer lets you view logs that are created when you play backscripts in Robot or run Pilots in TestFactory. (For information about TestFactory,see page 9.)Reviewing the playback results in the LogViewer reveals whether each script and itscomponents passed or failed.Each script produ cesa log file th atdisplays the resultsof each test withinth e script.Since one ofth e verificationpoin ts in thescript failed,th e en tirescript fails.To analyze each failure and then remedy it, you can use one of the LogViewer’s fourComparators Grid, O bject Properties, Text, and Image. Each Comparatorgraphically displays the ‘before and after’ results of playback.If there is no failure on playback, only a baseline file displaying the recorded data orimage is displayed. If a failure occurs on playback, an actual file is displayed next tothe baseline file.By com parin g th ebaselin e an dactua l files, youcan d eterm ine if afailu re is anintention al ch angeor a defect.7
IntroductionTesting Applications with Rational TestFactoryTestFactory provides a new level of automated testing as an integrated component ofRational Robot. You can use TestFactory to:ãAutomatically create and maintain a detailed map of the application-under-test.ãAutomatically generate scripts that provide extensive product coverage andscripts that encounter defects, without recording.ãTrack executed and unexecuted source code, and report detailed findings.ãShorten the product testing cycle by minimizing the time invested in writingnavigation code.ãAutomate distributed functional testing with TestAccelerator—an applicationthat drives and manages the execution of scripts on remote machines.ãPlay back Robot scripts in TestFactory to see code coverage and to createregression suites, and play back TestFactory scripts in Robot to debug them.T he applicationm ap lists eachwind ow and con trolin th e a pplication u nder-test.Scripts recorded inRobot can be usedalon g with scriptscreated inT estFactory.T estFactory can testthe objects in th eclasses andsubclasses kn own tooccur in GU Is.8In this pa ne, viewinform ation aboutwh atever isselected in the leftpane usu allyproperties for aselected U Iobject.In this pa ne, viewa bitm ap of theselected object.
U sing Rational Tools for Successful Software TestingManaging Intranet and Web Sites with Rational SiteCheckRational SiteCheck lets you test the structural integrity of your intranet or WorldWide Web site. It’s designed to help you view, track, and maintain your rapidlychanging site. You can test the content of your Web site after every revision to ensurethat changes have not resulted in defects. And you can capture a baseline of your Website and compare it to the Web site at another point in time.In this pane, viewthe Web site’ sstructu re.W eb pagebein g testedIncom ing links toth e W eb pageO utgoinglinks from th eW eb pag eWith SiteCheck you can:ãVisualize the structure of your Web site and display the relationship betweeneach page and the rest of the site.ãIdentify and analyze Web pages with active content, such as forms, Java,JavaScript, ActiveX, and Visual Basic Script (VBScript).ãFilter information so that you can inspect specific file types and defects,including broken links.ãExamine and edit the source code for any Web page, with color-coded text.ãU pdate and repair files using the integrated editor, or configure your favoriteH TML editor to perform modifications to H TML files.ãPerform comprehensive testing of secure Web sites with Secure Socket Layer(SSL) support, proxy server configuration, and support for multiple passwordrealms.9
IntroductionManaging Defects with Rational ClearQuestRational ClearQ uest is a change-request management tool that tracks and managesdefects and change requests throughout the development process. With ClearQ uest,you can manage every type of change activity associated with software development,including enhancement requests, defect reports, and documentation modifications.Each tabprovidesim portan tinform ationabout thedefect.Inform ation autom aticallytransferred to ClearQ uestfrom the LogViewer.With Robot and ClearQ uest, you can:ãSubmit defects directly from the LogViewer or SiteCheck.ãGenerate defects directly from ClearQ uest.ãModify and track defects and change requests.ãAnalyze project progress by running queries, charts, and reports.ãAutomatically send email about a defect to its owner or to the project leader.Collecting Diagnostic Information During PlaybackAs an application is developed and tested, you can use the diagnostic capabilities ofRational Purify, Rational Visual Q uantify, and Rational Visual PureCoverage.Rational Purify is a comprehensive C/C run-time error checking tool thatautomatically pinpoints run-time errors and memory leaks in all components of anapplication, including third-party libraries, ensuring that code is reliable.Rational Visual Q uantify is an advanced performance profiler that providesapplication performance analysis, enabling developers to quickly find, prioritize, andeliminate performance bottlenecks within an application.10
W hat’ s N extRational Visual PureCoverage is a customizable code coverage analysis tool thatprovides detailed application analysis and ensures that all code has been exercised,preventing untested code from reaching the end-user.What’s NextN ow that you’ve been introduced to Rational Robot and its companion products andcomponents, there’s still lots more to discover.H ere’s where you can find the information you need to get started withRational Robot:To find out about how toTake a look atU pgrade from SQ A Suite 6.x toRational Suite TestStudio,Rational TeamTest, or Rational RobotThe information in the next chapter,Upgrade Information.U se each of the Rational Robot componentsThe tutorial beginning in the chapterLearning Rational Robot – a T utorial on page21.11
Introduction12
Upgrade InformationãããThis chapter explains how to upgrade from SQ A Suite 6.x to the current RationalTest products. It includes the following topics:ãSummary of tasksãN ew terminologyãU sing defect reportsãU sing SQ A 6.x repository data in a Rational repositoryIf you’re not upgrading, you should skip this chapter and take a look at the tutorialthat begins on page 21.Summary of TasksThe following table lists tasks that you use to test an application, the component youused in SQ A Suite 6.x for each task, and the component that you now use in RationalTest products to do the same task:TaskSQA Suite 6.xComponentRational TestComponentCreate a repository.SQ A AdministratorRational AdministratorCreate test requirements.SQ A ManagerRational TestManagerCreate test scripts or procedures.SQ A RobotRational RobotCheck for pass/fail of test scripts orprocedures.SQ A Test LogViewerRational LogViewerTrack defects.SQ A ManagerRational ClearQ uestRun a report on a defect.SQ A ManagerRational ClearQ uestRun a report on test coverage.SQ A ManagerRational TestManagerCustomize a report format.SQ A ManagerRational ClearQ uest13
U pgrade Inform ationNew TerminologyThe following table lists the terminology found in SQ A Suite 6.x and the newterminology in Rational Test products:14SQA Suite 6.x TermRational Test Termdistributed GU I testdistributed functional testdistributed regression testdistributed functional testInsert toolbarGU I Insert toolbarlog filelogSQ A AdministratorRational AdministratorSQ A Grid ComparatorGrid ComparatorSQ A Image ComparatorImage ComparatorSQ A ManagerRational TestManagerSQ A O bject Properties ComparatorO bject Properties ComparatorSQ A O CXRational ActiveX Test ControlSQ A RepositoryRational repositorySQ A RobotRational RobotSQ A SiteCheckRational SiteCheckSQ A Test Log ViewerRational LogViewerSQ A Text ComparatorText Comparatortest caseverification pointtest loglogtest procedurescripttest schedulescheduletest scriptscript
U sing D efect ReportsScripting LanguagesYou no longer need to select a scripting language at installation. SQ ABasic is thescripting language used for recording GU I scripts, and it is installed automatically.Using Defect ReportsYour Rational Suite TestStudio or Rational TeamTest software comes with specialdefect reports to help you manage your testing efforts. U se Rational ClearQ uest torun these special reports to track your defects when testing applications. When youcreate a Rational repository that contains an associated ClearQ uest database, youautomatically get these defect reports and report formats to use with ClearQ uest. Formore information about creating a repository with a ClearQ uest database, see thesection about creating a repository in the chapter Managing a Rational Repository in theUsing the Rational Administrator manual.You can customize a defect report or create new reports by customizing a reportformat or by creating a new report format using Rational ClearQ uest. To customizea report format, you must install Crystal Reports 6.0 Professional Edition, whichcomes with your Rational Suite TestStudio or Rational TeamTest software.To install Crystal Reports:ãU se the Crystal Reports installation directions that come with the CrystalReports CD-RO M.Using SQA 6.x Repository Data in a Rational RepositoryAfter installation, you can use data from an existing SQ A Suite 6.x repository in aRational repository. When you create a new Rational repository, the CreateRepository wizard gives you the option of initializing a repository with data from anexisting SQ A Suite 6.x repository.For information about creating a Rational repository with SQ A Suite 6.x data, see thesection about creating a repository in the chapter Managing a Rational Repository in theUsing the Rational Administrator manual.When to Convert SQA Suite 6.x Repository DataWe recommend that you convert SQ A Suite 6.x repository data to Rationalrepository data after you finish a project.For information about creating a Rational repository with SQ A Suite 6.x data, see thesection about creating a repository in the chapter Managing a Rational Repository in theUsing the Rational Administrator manual.15
U pgrade Inform ationThe following table lists the type of data in an SQ A Suite 6.x repository and whichdata converts to a Rational repository:Converts fromSQA Suite 6.x data toRational repositoryType of DatadataCustom reports and graphsDefects (For more information about defects, see Details AboutConverting Defects on the next page.) E-mail rulesFilters for defects or test proceduresGroups (Privileges are not converted.) List reportsLoadTest schedulesProjects Requirements Test cases (called verification points in a Rational repository) Test logsTest plans Test procedures (called scripts in a Rational repository) U sers (Privileges are not converted.) Virtual user test procedures (called virtual user scripts in aRational repository)16
U sing SQ A 6 .x Repository D ata in a Rational RepositoryConversion DetailsWhen you create a Rational repository with SQ A Suite 6.x data, the followingconversion takes place:ãA script file name or verification point ID with a period (.) in the name isprefixed with REN AMED .ãA period (.) in a script file name or verification point ID converts to anunderscore ( ).For example, a script named wn95.tst converts to REN AMED wn95 tst. Averification point ID named alpha.b2 converts to REN AMED alpha b2.Details About Converting DefectsThe Rational TeamTest and Rational Suite TestStudio products include a specialversion of ClearQ uest to track your defects. For your convenience, these productsalso include a specially designed defect form, the TeamTest defect form, similar tothe SQ A 6.x Manager defect form. For more information about using the TeamTestdefect form, see the U sing the Rational Robot manual.The following table lists each field of an SQ A 6.x defect and the comparable RationalTeamTest defect field. The table also describes how certain fields are converted.The word “List” in the Description column of this table indicates that if youcustomize a list in SQ A 6.x, it converts to a list in the TeamTest defect form.SQA 6.xDefect FieldTeamTestDefect FieldConversion DescriptionIDN ew IDgeneratedThe SQ A 6.x ID does not appear on the defectform, but you can use the query feature ofClearQ uest to find it. For more information, seethe Rational ClearQ uest H elp.DescriptionH eadline/DescriptionConverts the first 125 characters or up to thefirst carriage return and places this text in theH eadline field. The entire SQ A 6.x Descriptionfield also appears in the Description field of theTeamTest defect form.PriorityPriorityListSeveritySeverityListO ccurrences(not 17
U pgrade Inform ationBuild FoundN otesIn SQ A 6.x, a Build Found field is a textfield. The text data from the Build Foundfield is stored in N otes. In Rational 7.x,Builds are objects that contain log foldersand logs. A Build object is not created foreach SQ A 6.x Build Found field.Build FixedN otesIn SQ A 6.x, a Build Fixed field is a text field.The text data in the Build Fixed field is stored inN otes. In Rational 7.x, Builds are objects thatcontain log folders and logs. A Build object isnot created for each SQ A 6.x Build Fixed field.ProcScriptCaseVerificationPointCycle(not converted)Reported ByReported ByContactReported ByCompanyReported ByCompanyH ardwareH ardwareListO peratingSystemO peratingSystemListO therO therEnvironmentTest Station(not converted)Log(not converted)Custom 1Custom 1In SQ A 6.x, a Test Station field is a text field. InRational 7.x, the Computers field replaces theTest Station field and is an object. A Computerobject is not created for each SQ A 6.x TestStation field.ListIf you customized the label for this field in SQ A6.x, the label is not converted. U se theClearQ uest Designer to customize this label.18
U sing SQ A 6 .x Repository D ata in a Rational RepositoryCustom 2Custom 2ListIf you customized the label for this field in SQ A6.x, the label is not converted. U se theClearQ uest Designer to customize this label.Custom 3Custom 3If you customized the label for this field in SQ A6.x, the label is not converted. U se theClearQ uest Designer to customize this label.AttachmentAttachmentsYou can attach more than one file after youconvert to a 7.x Rational repository.RequirementRequirementStatus H istoryH olution N oteModifiedSoftware(not converted)ListTroubleshootingThe convert.txt file in the converted project directory contains the conversion statusof each verification point and script. U se this file as a diagnostic tool if you have anyproblems with your data after conversion.19
U pgrade Inform ation20
Learning Rational Robot - a TutorialãããThis tutorial takes you through a typical software testing cycle in which you’ll use thefunctional testing capabilities of Rational Robot to test a sample client/serverapplication.As you follow the examples in this tutorial, you’ll quickly realize how easy it is to useRational Robot to identify changes or unintentional errors in an application. You’llunderstand how Robot lets you cover all phases of functional testing and how to bestuse Robot for your own testing projects.What Is Automated Functional Testing?Automated testing uses software tools to replace repetitive and often error-pronemanual testing. Automated testing saves time and enables a reliable, predictable, andaccurate testing process.With automated functional testing, you validate the behavior of an application.Functional testing lets you exercise the application’s GU I to verify that theapplication responds appropriately to user and system input, and that it conforms toproject requirements.Functional testing focuse
manual and the associated software are the property of Rational Software Corporation and are copyrighted. Any reproduction in whole or in part is strictly prohibited. For additional copies of this manual or software, please contact Rational Software Corporation. Rational, the Rational logo, PerformanceStudio, SiteCheck, TestFactory, TestStudio,
Rational Rational Rational Irrational Irrational Rational 13. 2 13 14. 0.42̅̅̅̅ 15. 0.39 16. 100 17. 16 18. 43 Rational Rational Rational Rational Rational Irrational 19. If the number 0.77 is displayed on a calculator that can only display ten digits, do we know whether it is rational or irrational?
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1. Rational Numbers: Students will understand that a rational number is an integer divided by an integer. Students will convert rational numbers to decimals, write decimals as fractions and order rational numbers. 2. Adding Rational Numbers: Students will add rational numbers. 3. Subtracting Rational Numbers: Students will subtract rational .
1. Rational Numbers: Students will understand that a rational number is an integer divided by an integer. Students will convert rational numbers to decimals, write decimals as fractions and order rational numbers. 2. Adding Rational Numbers: Students will add rational numbers. 3. Subtracting Rational Numbers: Students will subtract rational .
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Ch 2. Functions and Graphs 2.4 Polynomial and Rational Functions Rational Functions Just as rational numbers are de ned in terms of quotients of integers, rational functions are de ned in terms of quotients of polynomials. De nition (Rational Function) A rational function is any function that can be written in the form f(x) n(x) d(x); d(x) 6 0
Lesson 4: Introduction to Rational Expressions Define rational expressions. State restrictions on the variable values in a rational expression. Simplify rational expressions. Determine equivalence in rational expressions. Lesson 5: Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions Multiply and divide rational expressions.
BAB 6 LEMBAGA JASA KEUANGAN DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA KOMPETENSI INTI 3. Memahami, menerapkan, menganalisis pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, prosedural berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya, dan humaniora dengan wawasan kemanusiaan, kebangsaan, bakat dan minatnya untuk memecahkan masalah kenegaraan, dan peradaban terkait penyebab fenomena dan .
