Mall Walking: A Program Resource Guide

2y ago
27 Views
2 Downloads
5.21 MB
56 Pages
Last View : 1m ago
Last Download : 2m ago
Upload by : Isobel Thacker
Transcription

Mall WalkingA PROGRAM RESOURCE GUIDE

Suggested CitationBelza B, Allen P, Brown DR, Farren L, Janicek S, Jones DL, King DK, Marquez DX,Miyawaki CE, Rosenberg D. Mall walking: A program resource guide.Seattle, WA: University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center; /mallwalking-guide.pdfImages in Mall Walking: A Program Resource Guide are numbered.See the photo credits on page 34 for a complete list of photos.For additional information, please contactBasia Belza, PhD, RN, FAANUniversity of WashingtonE-mail: basiab@uw.eduWebsite addresses of nonfederal organizations are provided solely as a serviceto readers. Provision of an address does not constitute an endorsement of thisorganization by CDC or the federal government, and none should be inferred.CDC is not responsible for the content of other organizations’ web pages.

ject Advisory Group1Introduction3Why Mall Walk?26Why Walk?Mall Walking Program Considerations16 Examples of Mall Walking Programs25 Think Beyond a Traditional MallWalking Program32 References34 Photo Credits35 Appendices44 Walking Resources

AuthorsBasia Belza, PhD, RN, FAANHealth Promotion Research Center, School of Nursing,University of WashingtonLaura Farren, BSHealth Promotion Research Center, University of WashingtonChristina E. Miyawaki, PhD, MSWGroup Health Research Institute, Health PromotionResearch Center, University of WashingtonSarah Janicek, MEd, MADepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition University ofIllinois at ChicagoDavid X. Marquez, PhD, FACSM, FGSADepartment of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Center forResearch on Health and Aging, University of Illinois atChicagoDori Rosenberg, PhD, MPHGroup Health Research Institute, Health PromotionResearch Center, University of WashingtonDina L. Jones, PT, PhDDepartment of Orthopaedics, Division of Physical Therapy,Injury Control Research Center, West Virginia UniversityPeg Allen, PhD, MPH, BSNPrevention Research Center, Brown School, WashingtonUniversity in St. LouisDiane K. King, PhDCenter for Behavioral Health Researchand Services, University of Alaska AnchorageDavid R. Brown, PhDNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and HealthPromotion, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, andObesity, Physical Activity and Health Branch, Centers forDisease Control and PreventionMALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE ii

AcknowledgementsMall Walking: A Program Resource Guide isa product of the University of WashingtonHealth Promotion Research Center, the Centersfor Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Prevention Research Center, and was supportedby Cooperative Agreement Number U48 DP001911 from the CDC.A. Jill Wagner, MA, at IconoGraph Designs,provided the design for Mall Walking: A ProgramResource Guide, and produced the document.Special thanks to the following professionalstaff members and students who greatlycontributed to the data collection and analysis,conceptualization, and design of Mall Walking:A Program Resource Guide:Professional StaffYuki DurhamResearch Consultant, University of WashingtonStudent AssistantsLaila Tomkinson Allen, MPH studentUniversity of Alaska at AnchorageSarah Brollier, MPHUniversity of WashingtonMarc Cormier, PhDUniversity of KentuckyMichael Kelly, BSN, RNUniversity of WashingtonEmma Preston, undergraduate studentUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoNicole Schaffer, BSUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoMackenzie Staub, MSW, MPHWashington University in St. LouisJeremy Thurston, BSN, RNUniversity of WashingtonRebecca Tiffany, BSN, RNUniversity of WashingtonMALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE iii

Project Advisory GroupColin MilnerRachel BeyerleCommunications Director, Easter Seals Transportation GroupFounder, International Council on Active AgingRoss Okawa, MPA, MEdSeattle, WashingtonMichele L Boutaugh, BSN, MPHOffice of Nutrition and Health Promotion Programs, Administration onAging, Administration for Community Living, U.S. Department ofHealth and Human ServicesDavid Sabgir, MD, FACCFounder, Walk with a DocPaige E. DenisonEnhanceFitness National Trainer, Senior ServicesStacie SheridanExecutive Director-in-Training, Era Living Communities, SeattleChristine HardingProgram Director, Community Education Programs,National Council on AgingSusan Snyder, MSExecutive Director, Evidence-Based Leadership CouncilMargaret Haynes, MPADirector of Elder Care Services, MaineHealthGloria Neault, MSN, RNProgram Manager, Clinical Services, MaineHealthMary B. Waterman, MPHDirector, Public Health, Arthritis Foundation, National OfficeHeather Hodge, M.Ed.Director, Chronic Disease Prevention Programs, YMCA of USAMALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE iv

TIntroductionhe goal of Mall Walking: A ProgramResource Guide (hereafter the Guide) isto encourage the development of mallwalking programs by providing readers withinformation about the health benefits of walking,explaining why mall walking programs canhelp people walk more, and providing practicalstrategies for starting and maintaining walkingprograms in malls or other venues in areas wherea mall is not available. The information in theGuide is based on a review of research on mallwalking programs; environmental audits of mallsand other venues with walking programs; andinterviews conducted with walkers, programleaders, and managers in malls and other venueswith walking programs.This Guide is meant to inform several types ofstakeholders (or audiences). It is primarily formall managers who want to start or enhance amall walking program. However, it is also forothers in the community, who want to partnerwith their community mall to either start awalking program, or use an existing programto help their constituencies (e.g., employees,patients, seniors) walk more. This can includeaging services providers, community coalitions,work site managers, public health professionals,and hospitals and health care providers.A roadmap follows next so that you can anticipatewhat to expect as you read the Guide’s contents.This is a research-to-practice guide. The researchand rationale for planning, implementing, andevaluating mall walking programs is covered inthe Why Walk? and Why Mall Walk? sectionsof the Guide.The practice, or what to do when planning,implementing, and evaluating a mall walkingprogram, is discussed under the Mall WalkingProgram Considerations sections of theGuide, along with Examples of Mall WalkingPrograms.“How to” examples of forms that may be usedin implementing mall walking programs areprovided in the Appendices of this Guide.Finally, readers are asked to think creativelyabout how mall walking-like programs may beestablished in areas without a mall. Starting mallwalking-like programs in other settings maybe important to promote and increase walkingin rural communities. The section on ThinkBeyond a Traditional Mall Walking Programexplores these and other issues and someExamples of Other Venues Hosting MallWalking-Like Programs are provided.MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 1

Why Walk?To obtain recommended amountsof physical activity and numeroushealth benefits associated withwalking.Regular physical activity is important to overallhealth, and walking is an excellent way to beactive. Adults who engage in regular physicalactivity, such as brisk walking, are at lower riskof heart disease and stroke, type 2 diabetes,breast and colon cancers, and depressed mood,compared with inactive adults (Physical ActivityGuidelines Advisory Committee, 2008).Adults who are regularly physically active mayalso obtain other health benefits and positiveoutcomes, such as maintaining or losingweight, improving sleep, and for older adults,maintaining their independence, reducingtheir risk of falls, and delaying the onset ofcognitive decline and dementia (Physical ActivityGuidelines Advisory Committee, 2008).National Physical ActivityRecommendations for All AdultsTo gain health benefits, national guidelinesrecommend that adults, including older adults,should obtain at least 150 minutes (2 hours and30 minutes) a week of moderate-intensity aerobicphysical activity, or 75 minutes (1 hour and 15minutes) a week of vigorous-intensity aerobicphysical activity, or an equivalent combination ofmoderate and vigorous-intensity activity (U.S.Department of Health and Human Services,2008). A brisk walk is a great way to accumulateweekly minutes towards meeting the aerobicphysical activity guidelines (U.S. Department ofHealth and Human Services, 2008).Makes good public health sense!Most inactive adults can safelybegin a walking program.Walking can be done by the vast majority ofAmericans. It is an activity that requires little orno specialized skills or training, and does notrequire the purchase of expensive equipment orspecialized attire beyond comfortable walkingshoes.Persons who are inactive or unfit can begin awalking program safely. For busy adults, walkingoffers flexibility, compared to scheduled activities,such as exercise classes. Walkers can set theirown pace to fit their level of fitness, and vary thenumber of days per week and the length of theirwalking sessions to fit comfort level. As walkersgradually improve their fitness level, they canincrease the frequency, intensity, or durationof the walking they perform during the week.Walking programs can, and should, be tailoredto include persons with varying levels of mobility(e.g., slow and fast walkers, walkers using assistivedevices, and walkers with disabilities).MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 2

Why Mall Walk?To address barriers to physicalactivity.Regardless of residential or work locations,walking can be done in a variety of venues.However, many neighborhood environmentfactors, such as street layout, sidewalk conditions,proximity of desirable destinations, perceivedsafety from traffic, and crime, all influencewalking-related physical activity (Rosenberg,Huang, Simonovich, & Belza, 2013; Saelens &Handy, 2008; Van Cauwenberg et al., 2011).These factors associated with neighborhoodwalkability are important for all Americans,but especially for many midlife and olderadults with physical or cognitive disabilities(Nagel, Carlson, Bosworth, & Michael, 2008;Prohaska et al., 2009; Satariano et al., 2010).Although neighborhoods can be designed tobe walkable and, therefore, promote walking(Belza et al., 2004; Rosenberg, Bombardier,Hoffman, & Belza, 2011), external conditions,such as extreme temperatures and inclementweather, may negatively influence walking andincrease safety hazards (Rosenberg et al., 2013).Mall walking programs can address many ofthese barriers, as noted in Table 1, which maylargely account for findings indicating thatafter neighborhoods, shopping malls (“mallwalking”) are the second most frequently usedvenue for walking (Eyler, Brownson, Bacak, &Housemann, 2003).1Well-lit and wide walking route free of obstacles.Mall walking is considered a safe, comfortablephysical activity mode (Eyler et al., 2003),and walking at malls is often recommended byhealth care providers because malls offer free,relatively accessible, and pedestrian-friendlyenvironments (Cuaderes, Lamb, & Alger, 2014).Malls are attractive places for walking becausethey provide a sheltered indoor environmentfree from the dangers of traffic congestion, andcan be used most days of the year regardless ofweather or seasonal differences. Security staffare usually present so people feel less fearfuland vulnerable when walking in malls than inmore unpredictable environments (Duncan,Travis, & McAuley, 1994; Schacht & Unnithan,1991; Standefer, 1992). In addition, mallshave level surfaces, benches for places to rest,water fountains for availability of free water, andaccessible restrooms.MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 3

Why Mall Walk?Mall Walking Programs May Help People Overcome Barriers toPhysical ActivityBarriers to Physical ActivityMall Characteristics(Lattimore, et al, 2011)Weather (too hot, too cold,The majority of malls provide atoo inclement)temperature-controlled indoorenvironment that can be used forwalking, regardless of seasonal changesand conditions.Neighborhood safety;fear of crimeMall security staff and presence ofother walkers and shoppers help toalleviate a fear of crime that may beprevalent in other neighborhood areas.Fear of injuryAccessibility to level surfaces in amall helps reduce the risk of injuriesthat may occur with hilly and uneventerrain.Lack of resources oraccessibility to a gym orhealth clubFew resources other than properfitting walking shoes are needed forwalking in a mall. Latest fashionableworkout attire is not a requisite formall walking.Lack of social supportMall walking programs may providesupport of a program leader, as well assupport from other walking programparticipants for those who enjoywalking buddies.Lack of skills or experiencewith exercisingMost people can walk with little orno coaching or skills training. Mallwalking programs can, and should be,inclusive of persons who may havedifficulty walking.Lack of available and cleanrestroomsWell-lit restrooms available in mallsmay help overcome the worry of someadults about walking in public places,where there may not be access torestroom facilities.MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 4

Why Mall Walk?Historically, shopping malls were originallydeveloped to build a sheltered retail center forwomen after World War II, primarily in suburbanareas in the United States. The intention was forwomen to gather and socialize, and the term,“mall,” meant a promenade or shaded walkway(Standefer, 1992). Today, mall walking programscontinue to provide participants the opportunityto socialize and to shop at the various retailstores. Attractive programmatic featuresof mall walking programs are that they arenoncompetitive, sociable and friendly, and mallwalkers are typically not judged by their speed,attire, or physique. (Blair, 1988; Cresswell,2009). These are important considerations formany midlife and older adult mall walkers. Mallwalkers have also reported that they feel a senseof support with fellow mall walkers (Bird etal., 2010; Sommers, Andres, & Price, 1995).Using existing malls and providing effective mallwalking programs have the potential to addressbarriers to physical activity and to improve publichealth among many communities, includingdiverse communities.To increase walking amongmidlife and older adults, whoare typically less active thanyounger adultsWalkers of all levels, ages, and abilities canparticipate in a mall walking program. Mallwalking programs can be attractive to youngeradults, such as mothers with strollers, those withchronic disease conditions (e.g., rheumatoidarthritis), or those who are overweight.However, middle aged and older adults representthe segment of the US population that maybenefit the most from efforts to increase thenumber of mall walking programs in the nation.Our observations of participants in mall walkingprograms, as well as findings from the researchliterature (Zenk et al., 2009) suggest that theprograms are most popular among middleaged and older adults. Researchers (Prohaska etal., 2009) havealso found thatolder adults withmild cognitivedisabilities preferwalking in indoorshopping mallsand less in parks.This findingmay be because2malls’ enclosedenvironments,Mall ramp with handrails.safe walkingsurfaces, places torest, convenientrest rooms, andabsence of traffic offer fewer distractions to thosewho are cognitively challenged.Although walking is the most common andpreferred activity for older adults, trends showthat walking has not increased as much amongolder adults, particularly those with chronicconditions and disabilities, as among other agegroups, (Berrigan, 2012; Kruger, Ham, Berrigan,& Ballard-Barbash, 2008; Simpson et al, 2003).Furthermore, middle-aged and older adults areamong the most physically inactive segmentsin the United States (Pleis, Ward, & Lucas,2010). Thus, mall walking programs possess thepotential to reduce the physical activity disparitygap between younger and older age groups in theUnited States. In addition, becoming physicallyactive, even during middle age and older adultyears, can lead to better overall health (Vogelet al, 2009) and lower risk of death (Schnohr,Scharling, & Jensen, 2003).MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 5

HMall Walking ProgramConsiderationsow do you plan for, implement, andevaluate a mall walking program?There are many factors mall managersand community groups should consider whendeveloping a mall walking program such asresources available for marketing, incentives, ortransportation, and whether there are personnelwho can coordinate programmatic aspects. Manysuccessful mall walking programs simply establisha policy that opens the doors prior to businesshours and indicates that walkers are welcome intheir mall marketing materials.3Mall staircase and sitting area.Factors To Consider When Establishing and Maintaining aMall Walking Program.Factors1. Lessons learned and best practices from other mall walkingprograms.2. Mall management support.3. Personnel that may be needed.4. Partnerships that may enhance a mall walking program.5. Transportation.MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 6

Mall Walking Program ConsiderationsFactors To Consider When Establishing and Maintaining a Mall Walking Program. (continued)6. Programmatic characteristics of the mall walking program.7. Community diversity and culture.8. Safety.9. Costs and economic factors.10. How to attract and retain mall walking program participants.11. Evaluation.1. Lessons learned and bestpractices from other mall walkingprograms.Existing mall walking programs may helpguide the process of starting a mall walkingprogram. Learn from the experiences of othermalls and successful mall walking programsthat already exist. Talk to mall walkers, mallmanagers, and mall program leaders todetermine their lessons learned and the bestpractices that are working in their programs.You can also learn from the five successfulExamples of Mall Walking Programsdescribed on pp. 16–24 of this Guide.2. Obtain mall managementsupport.If you are interested in partnering with a mallin your community to start a mall walkingprogram, discuss the potential partnershipof your organization with a mall manager.Highlight the potential benefits to both themall and your organization, and secure mallmanagement buy-in and support. Begin jointcollaboration on the development of themall walking program. Help identify neededresources and in-kind contributions that canbe made.MALL WALKING : A PROGRA M RESOURC E GUIDE 7

Mall Walking Program Considerations3. Personnel that may be needed.It may be valuable to identify and hire aprogram leader (e.g., a trained health orfitness professional or certified exercise leaderwith excellent interpersonal skills) to plan andmonitor your mall walking program’s success.The program leader may be a current mallemployee with training in health and fitness or anemployee of a sponsoring or supportive partnerorganization (e.g., hospital or fitness center),or a new hire.4. Partnerships may enhance amall walking program.Mall walking programs can be informal or formalin organization. Informal programs welcomemall walkers, but do not provide organizationalsupport, promotional activities, or plannedcommunity outreach to recruit walkers to themall. This Guide is for mall managers and otherswishing to start a mall walking program witha more formal format. Formal programs canbe structured in many ways. For example, amall walking program may be started by mall5Pedestrian cross walk.management solely as a way of connectingcommunity members—walkers and shoppers—tothe mall. Another example is that a partnershipmay be developed between the mall and oneor more community-based organizations, suchas a hospital or health and fitness organization.Mall management might want to consider anybenefits fro

Resource Guide (hereafter the Guide) is to encourage the development of mall . walking programs by providing readers with information about the health beneits of walking, explaining why mall walking programs can help people walk more, and providing practical strategies for starting and maintaining walking

Related Documents:

China Business in total 64 46 18 17 [As of September 19, 2015] [Shopping malls in China developed by AEON Mall Co., Ltd.] Mall name Opening date Land area Total floor area Gross leasable area Parking capacity AEON MALL Beijing International Mall 89,000 Nov. 2008 approx. m2 147,000 2

the mall directory or navigation route since it is portable and convenient, unlike traditional mall directory kiosk provided in the shopping mall which is lack of portability. An interactive directory via Augmented Reality (AR) in the form of mobile application will further improve the function of a mall directory.

environment, this treadmill walking experience has been considered to be more similar to over ground walking than a traditional fixed pace treadmill [31,32]. The aim of this study was to test which type of treadmill walking (fixed or self-paced) was a better analogue for OG walking in terms of the muscle activity. This knowledge could help to

the ankle plantar flexors on the walking speed of hemiplegic stroke patients after maximum walking speed exercises. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2021; 12: 64‒69. Objective: This study examined the effect of ankle plantar flexor spasticity on the walking speed of hemiplegic stroke patients immediately following maximum walking speed exercises.

Shopping Mall Design The “Shopping Mall” concept is one of the most successful commercial property models, and a building type which has a large effect on everyday urban life. Mall designs must respond to user needs, climate, design and planning trends. Shopping mall developers face significant financial

6 Killeen Mall 7 Lakeline Mall 8 Temple Mall. OTHER RETAIL SHOPPING CENTERS GROSS LEASABLE AREA ANCHORS DISTANCE / DRIVE-TIME The Domain Austin, TX 1,234,000 sf Neiman Marcus, Macy’s, Dillard’s 12 miles / 20 minutes Lakeline Mall Austin, TX 1,098,000 sf Dillard’s, Ma

Jan 18, 2019 · mall’s anchors, Macy’s, announced its closing, leaving Boscov’s as the single anchor chain located in the mall. The closing of Macy’s recreated the vacancy issue that the mall experienced in the early 2000s and increased the risk for other mall tenants to vacate the site as

AGMA and/or DIN standards IMPERIAL Series Load Rating Drum Capacity METRIC Series Power Supply Line Speed Clutch Load Rating Drum Capacity Power Supply Line Speed Clutch PERFORMANCE 4WS9M18 4WS16M20 4WS26M26 4WS1M6 4WS3M10 4WS6M12 10,000 lbs 16,000 lbs 26,200 lbs 1,500 lbs 3,700 lbs 6,400 lbs 5–10 hp 7.5–15 hp 10–25 hp.5–1.5 hp 1–3 hp .