APUSH - Guided Reading Analysis - Chapter 25 - The Growth .

THIS IS REQUIRED ASSIGNMENT. COMPLETE USING PDF ESCAPE or in BLUE OR BLACK INK.Name: Class Period:Due Date: / /Guided Reading & Analysis: The Growth of Cities and American Culture, 1865-1900American Pageant Chapter 24, America Moves to the City, 1865-1900, pp 558-594AMSCO Chapter 18—Urbanization pp 360-373Important: Review American Pageant Chapter 15, The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860Reading Assignment:Ch. 18 AMSCO; If you do not have the AMSCO text, use chapter 25 of American Pageant and/oronline resources such as the website, podcast, crash course video, chapter outlines,Hippocampus, etc.Purpose:This guide is not only a place to record notes, but also to provide a place and structure forreflections and analysis using higher level thinking skills with new knowledge gained from thereading.William Le Baron Jenny built the ten story Home Insurance Company building inChicago (pictured above) which was the first true American skyscraper. Public Domain.Basic Directions:1. Pre-Read: Read the prompts/questions within this guide before you read the chapter.2. Skim: Flip through the chapter and note the titles and subtitles. Look at images and their captions. Get a feel for the content youare about to read.3. Read/Analyze: Read the chapter. Remember, the goal is not to “fish” for a specific answer(s) to reading guide questions, but toconsider questions in order to critically understand what you read4. Review: Go into your AMSCO text and review the information.5. Write: Write your notes and analysis in the spaces provided, checking your textbook and AMSCO as neededKey Concepts FOR PERIOD 6:Key Concept 6.1: Technological advances, large-scale production methods, and the opening of new marketsencouraged the rise of industrial capitalism in the United States.Key Concept 6.2: The migrations that accompanied industrialization transformed both urban and rural areas of theUnited States and caused dramatic social and cultural change.Key Concept 6.3: The Gilded Age produced new cultural and intellectual movements, public reform efforts, andpolitical debates over economic and social policies.The following historical key terms, people, events or concepts are very important. They should be integrated intoyour notes and analysis. Make sure you define them and use them to make connections Louis Sullivan/skyscrapersMacy’s and Marshall FieldsDumbbell tenementsNew ImmigrantsJane Addams and Hull HouseNativismsocial gospel movementBooker T. Washington W.E.B. DuBoisMorrill Act of 1862Yellow journalismsocial novelistsVictoria WoodhullComstock LawCharlotte Perkins Gilman National Women’s SuffrageAssociationIda B. WellsCarrie Chapman CattWomen’s Christian TemperanceUnion (WCTU)Columbian Exposition of 1893P.T. Barnum

Section 1 Background and Introduction, AMSCO page 360Read page 360 and additional information below, Highlight main events, and address the question that follows.In 1800, the then sixteen United States were still largely agricultural. Just four cities, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Bostonhad populations over 20,000, while the nationwide population was 5.3 million. By 1893, after theindustrial and transportation revolutions, the growth of slavery, westward expansion, the Civil War,Emancipation, and Reconstruction, the forty-five United States had drastically transformed to becomea diverse population of nearly 76 million people. Over 100 cities had populations over 20,000, andthree, New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia had over one million people each. Chicago’s meteoric riseto become the second largest American city by 1890 made it the nation’s industrial nerve center,drawing hundreds of thousands of foreign immigrants and rural dwellers to the city. In the twenty yearsbetween 1870 and 1890, Chicago's population more than tripled, while over 40% of Chicago dwellerswere born outside of the U.S. The city’s central location made it a major railroad hub, connecting theEast with the West, and farmers and ranchers with consumers. (Source: ucla.edu)The World’s Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893, millions of people traveled to the “White City” tosee new technology and entertainment such as inventions by Thomas Edison and the first Ferriswheel. In the Electricity Building, visitors saw the introduction of the telephone, the phonograph, thetypewriter, the elevator, electric lamps, sewing machines, laundry machines, and irons. These exhibitsdemonstrated how electricity could revolutionize both industry and the home. Technological innovation became and has remained acornerstone of American identity. Outside the park’s 600 acres (more than 7 times the size of Disney Land), visitors could attendBuffalo Bill’s Wild West Show. This was all a celebration of the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus’s “discovery” of the NewWorld (fair was delayed one year was planned for 92) and to be the greatest “among monuments marking the progress of civilizationthroughout the ages.” [Hubert Hugh Bancroft, The Book of the Fair, Preface, 1893]Compare the gleaming, innovative “White City” in Chicago with the reality of “gray” city life in the 1890s. How do thesimilarities and differences illustrate the impact of urbanization and industrialization?

Section 2 Guided Reading, pp361-3731. A Nation of Immigrants, pp 361-362Key Concepts &Main IdeasNotesAnalysisThe emergence of anindustrial culture inthe United States led toboth greateropportunities for, andrestrictions on,immigrants,minorities, andwomen.A Nation of Immigrants Compare and contrast the waves ofimmigration before (read American Pageanttextbook pages 290-299) and after the CivilWar. Provide specific examples connectedwith reasons for emigrating, countries oforigin, and economic and social impacts.International andinternal migrationsincreased both urbanand rural populations,but gender, racial,ethnic, religious, andsocioeconomicinequalities abounded,inspiring somereformers to attempt toaddress theseinequities.Negative forces driving Europeans to emigrate (‘pushfactors’):Immigrants soughtboth to “Americanize”and to maintain theirunique identities; alongwith others, such assomeAfrican Americansand women, they wereable to take advantageof new careeropportunities even inthe face ofwidespread socialprejudices.Increasingly prominentracist and nativisttheories, along withSupreme Courtdecisions such asPlessy v. Ferguson,were used to justifyviolence, as well aslocal and nationalpolicies ofdiscrimination andsegregation.Growth of Immigration Similarities:1)2)3)Differences:Positive forces for emigrating (‘pull factors’):1)2)3)4)5)Definition: What is the difference between animmigrant and an emigrant?

“Old” Immigrants and “New” Immigrants What is the difference between an immigrantand a “bird of passage?”New Immigrants Restricting Immigration Was nativism fueled more by economic orcultural forces? Explain your answer usingspecific historical developments.Chinese Exclusion Act of 1883 Groups supporting immigration restrictions:1)2)3)REMEMBER As you read the chapter, jot down your notes in the middle column. Consider your notes to be elaborations on the Objectives andMain Ideas presented in the left column and in the subtitles of the text. INCLUDE IN YOUR NOTES ALL SIGNIFICANT VOCABULARY ANDPEOPLE. After read and take notes, thoughtfully, analyze what you read by answering the questions in the right column. Remember thisstep is essential to your processing of information. Completing this guide thoughtfully will increase your retention as well as yourcomprehension!

2. Urbanization, pp 362-364Key Concepts andMain IdeasThe emergence of anindustrial culture in theUnited States led toboth greateropportunities for, andrestrictions on,immigrants,minorities, andwomen.Cities dramaticallyreflected divided socialconditions amongclasses, races,ethnicities, and cultures,butpresented economicopportunities asfactories and newbusinesses proliferated.Immigrants soughtboth to “Americanize”and to maintain theirunique identities; alongwith others, such assomeAfrican Americans andwomen, they were ableto take advantage ofnew careeropportunities even inthe face ofwidespread socialprejudices.In a urban atmospherewhere the access topower was unequallydistributed, politicalmachines providedsocialservices in exchange forpolitical support,settlement houseshelped immigrantsadapt to the newlanguage andcustoms, and women’sclubs and self-helpgroups targetedintellectual developmentand social and politicalreform.NotesAnalysisUrbanization What caused migration fromrural to urban areas?Changes in the Nature of Cities Streetcar Cities Did this internal migration havemore in common with foreignimmigration or westwardmigration during this era?Explain your answer and citespecific evidence in youranswer.Skyscrapers Ethnic Neighborhoods Explain the historicalsignificance of Americanization.Residential Suburbs Moving to the suburbs required:

Private City Versus Public City Boss and Machine Politics To what extent were politicalmachines immoral? Defend youranswer with specific evidenceand acknowledge the opposingview.

3. Awakening Reform, pp365-367Key Concepts andMain IdeasNotesThe emergence of anindustrial culture in theUnited States led toboth greateropportunities for, andrestrictions on,immigrants,minorities, andwomen.Awakening Reform International andinternal migrationsincreased both urbanand rural populations,but gender, racial,ethnic, religious, andsocioeconomicinequalities abounded,inspiring somereformers to attempt toaddress theseinequities.Sister Carrie .Cities dramaticallyreflected divided socialconditions amongclasses, races,ethnicities, and cultures,butpresented economicopportunities asfactories and newbusinesses proliferated.Looking Backward In a urban atmospherewhere the access topower was unequallydistributed, politicalmachines providedsocialservices in exchange forpolitical support,settlement houseshelped immigrantsadapt to the newlanguage andcustoms, and women’sclubs and self-helpgroups targetedintellectual developmentand social and politicalreform.Books of Social Criticism AnalysisWhat did the Gilded Agereformers have in common withJackson Era reformers of theSecond Great Awakening?(Review American PageantChapter 15)1.2.Progress and Poverty 3.Jane Addams & Settlement Houses 4.5.How were they different?The Social Gospel Religion and Society

A number of criticschallenged thedominant corporateethic in the UnitedStates and sometimescapitalism itself,offering alternate visionsof the good societythrough utopianismand the Social Gospel.Families in Urban Society Explain how and to what extentindustrialization created theproblems facing cities during theGilded Age. State a claim andsupport your answer withspecific evidence.Voting Rights for Women The Temperance Movement Urban Reforms To what extent did women’srights improve during the GildedAge? Defend your answer withspecific evidence.

4. Intellectual and Cultural Movements, pp 367-372KeyConceptsand MainIdeasThe “GildedAge” witnessednew culturaland intellectualmovements intandem withpoliticaldebates overeconomic andsocial policies.New culturaland intellectualmovementsboth buttressedand challengedthe social orderof the GildedAge.NotesAnalysisIntellectual and Cultural Movements Explain how the scientific methodimpacted American culture duringthe Gilded Age.Changes in Education Public Schools Compulsory education Explain links between Gilded Ageeducational reform from theJackson Era and the SecondGreat Awakening? (ReviewAmerican Pageant Chapter 15).Kindergarten Higher Education Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 Which Jackson Era reformers ofthe Second Great Awakeningbegan the movements we seecontinuing in the Gilded Age?NAME THEM! (Review AmericanPageant Chapter 15)1.Philanthropic efforts of Carnegie, Rockefeller and others 2.Women’s Universities Changing curriculums 3.