Southern Green Roofs - Clemson University
Southern Green RoofsHORT 4000Katherine HollifieldJuly 23, 2016
What images do you think ofwhen you hear the term“Green ghts-on-thoughts/
Green shingles on a nteed/independence/sub HunterGreen.htm A green metal roof A sod /landarchs.com/grass-roof/
A roof with solar d-ag/product-54786-441838.html Grass growing on a f/
An old roof with moss growing on e-solution-for-a-moss-free-roof/ Carrabba’s Italian Grill -news/carrabba-s-italian-grill-names-new-president
A green roof is a specially preparedroof with plants growing in media.Chicago Botanic Garden
Vegetative roofLiving roofPlanted rooftopOther NamesGarden roof
Maintenance When green roofs were first installedin the United States, many thoughtthat no maintenance was needed. Over the years, those in the industryhave noted that these roofs are lowmaintenance, not “no” maintenance(K. Laminack, with Moore Farms andBotanical Garden, personalcommunication, 6/25/16).Kirk Laminack
Challenges to Roofs in the SouthBecause of high heat, irrigation isnecessary.The high humidity in the southadds to the susceptibility ofplants to diseases. Pythium canbe a problem of southern greenroofs, according to Green RoofOutfitters (M. Whitfield and C.Simmons, personalcommunication nroofoutfitters.com/about/meet-the-team/
LayersEach green roof is constructed inlayers.A traditional green roof isconstructed by laying down eachlayer over the entire roof at thesame time.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v sQ3veFk1C24If using modules, thewaterproofing and insulationlayers will be installed, and thenmodules containing the remaininglayers will be placed on top.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v jbSqygIpBUE
LayersThe basic layers of a green roof are: The roof deck A waterproofing membrane Root barrier Drainage layer Insulation (per building code) Filter fabric Media Plants(K. Laminack, with Moore Farms and Botanical Garden, personal communication, 6/25/16)Kirk Laminack
Layers of a sustainable green roof.Image via Penn State University, Olivia Miller’s /12/green-roofs/
Waterproof MembraneIt is essential to regularly check for leaks in thewaterproofing a-seattle-green-roof/
If there is a failure in themembrane, it may beeasier to correct theproblem if using amodular system such asGROWVista 2, themodular system availablethrough Green RoofOutfitters (M. Whitfieldand C. Simmons,personal communication6/14/2016). Theirmodules are made of100% recycled m/
Types of Green Roofs Extensive– Media up to 6” deep Intensive– Media over 6” deep 008/10/06/how-to-build-agreen-wall-or-green-roof/- Media depth between that ofextensive and , Steven L. (2008) Green Roofs In Sustainable Landscape Design. W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York, N.Y.GSA. 3.0 Cost Benefit Analysis, GSA Green Roof Benefits and Challenges. www.gsa.gov/portal/mediaId/167839/filename/cost benefit analysis.actionGSA. System Overview. 76/green- roof/system-overviewPhiladelphia Water Stormwater Plan Review, 4.3 Green Roofs, green-roofsUpstate Forever. (7/9/16) Green Roofs. www.upstateforever.org/pdfs/other/caw LIDFact GreenRoofs.pdf
Green Roof Benefits Reduce impermeable surfacesIncrease biodiversityReduce water runoffImprove storm water managementImprove air qualityIncrease life of roofBlock out noiseInsulate from summer heat and winter cold (Cantor2008)Cantor, Steven L. (2008) Green Roofs In Sustainable Landscape Design. W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York, N.Y.
Green Roof Disadvantages Increased weight on roof– Platform, media, plants– Consultations with engineer/architect(M. Whitfield and C. Simmons, with Green Roof Outfitters,personal communication 6/14/2016) Consult local building codes Initial d 1337
IncentivesMany states and cities across the country offer taxincentives for adding green roofs to structures to helpmanage storm water; South Carolina does not.Michael Whitfield and Chris Simmons, with Green RoofOutfitters, see this as one reason why there are so fewgreen roofs in South Carolina (M. Whitfield and C.Simmons, personal communication 6/14/2016).
IncentivesBelow are a few of the incentives available in otherstates.LocationIncentiveAustin, TXcreditsBaltimore, MDcredits are earned to use against storm water management feeChicago, ILgreen roof fee creditCincinnati, OHgreen roof loans; storm water management fee creditIndianapolis, INmonthly storm water user fee creditNashville, TNgreen roof rebateNew York, NYstorm water retrofit program construction grantPortland, OR 5/ft2 incentiveSeattle, WAstorm water management bill creditWashington, DCgreen roof rebate program; storm water fee incentives.html
TorontoToronto, Canada has a bylaw that requires green roofs onnew construction.The percentage coverage requirements are:Gross Floor Area *(Size of Building)Coverage of Available Roof Space(Size of Green Roof)2,000-4,999 m220%5,000-9,999 m230%10,000-14.999 m240%15,000-19.999 m250%20,000 m2 or greater60%* Note: Residential buildings less than 6 storeys or 20m in height are exempt from being required to have a green ?vgnextoid s
United States Air Forcehttps://www.wbdg.org/ccb/AF/AFETL/etl 11 8.pdf The United States Air Force published guidelines to instruct users towardthe decision to, or not to, install a green roof to save energy (HQ 2011). These criteria apply to installations in the Continental United States(CONUS) and their guidelines include a list of bases and each is given ascore based on the energy benefits and irrigation demand of a green roof(HQ 2011). The highest score (best) possible is 13 and both Charleston AFB and ShawAFB in South Carolina scored 10, which is considered “fair” in thispublication (HQ 201.HQ AFCESA/CEO. (1/13/2011). Engineering Technical Letter (ETL) 11-8: Decision Criteria for Installing Vegetative Green Roofs at Conus Installations.Department of the Air Force. Headquarters Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency. https://wbdg.org/ccb/AF/AFETL/etl 11 8.pdf
Online Green Roof Energy CalculatorOne drawback to thissite for someonewanting to add agreen roof in SouthCarolina is the factthat Charleston is theonly city included inthe list (Green).Green Roof Energy Calculator (v. 2.0). Green Building Research Laboratory. Portland StateUniversity. http://greenbuilding.pdx.edu/GR CALC v2/grcalc v2.php#retain
Recommended plants Plants with Crassulacean Acid Metabolism,CAM, such as Sedum, Allium, Euphorbia andDelosperma (Live) The Whole Building Design Guide (WBDG)recommends using Potentilla, Carex, Phlox,Delosperma, Crassula, Portulaca and Aloe(Miller 2016). Plants from these families: Portulacaceae,Crassulaceae and Euphorbiaceae /plantcatalog/viewplant/?plantid 204Li, W.C. (2014). A comprehensive study of green roof performance from environmental perspective. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 3, 127-134.Live Roof. Resources for Architects and Engineers. http://liveroof.com/architecture- and-engineering/Miller, Charlie. (3/14/2016). Extensive Vegetative Roofs, Whole Building Design Guide. National Institute of Building Sciences.
Guidelines International– Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau e.V.,(FLL) Guideline for the Planning, Execution and Upkeep of Green RoofSites (Philippi; Cantor 2008)– Free United States– American guidelines (ASTM)– 50 (ASTM)ASTM International. Standard Guide for Vegetative (Green) Roof Systems. https://www.astm.org/Standards/E2777.htmCantor, Steven L. (2008) Green Roofs In Sustainable Landscape Design. W.W. Norton & Company, Inc., New York, N.Y.Philippi, Peter M. Introduction to the German FLL-Guideline for the Planning, Execution and Upkeep of Green-Roof cuments/IntroductiontotheGermanFLL2.pdf
Recommended Plants for theSoutheast? Many companies sell plant mixes and have arecommended plant list. However, many do not offereither of those for the southeast (Greengrid).GreenGrid Roofs. Downloads. http://www.greengridroofs.com/about/downloads.htm
Factors of a Successful Green RoofThe factors that make a green roof successfulare variable, depending on the point of view.Jeff Baker and Zack Roach, with ClemsonLandscape Services, both agree that one of thefactors that make a site successful is plantsurvival (J. Baker and Z. Roach, personalcommunication, 7/1/16).An architect or designer may agree that asuccessful site is one that adds visual interestand is aesthetically pleasing.
Successful Green RoofsVA hospitalCharleston, ojects/#!
Bon Secours St. Francis Health SystemMillennium Cancer Treatment CenterGreenville, -cancer-center/
S.E.W. EurodriveLyman, al/s-e-w-eurodrive/
J.L. McMillan Federal BuildingFlorence, SChttp://www.greenroofs.com/projects/pview.php?id 1603
Furman Office BuildingGreenville, SChttp://www.greenroofs.com/projects/pview.php?id 56
USC Darla Moore School of BusinessColumbia, ty/usc-darla-moore-school-of-business/
Taco Boy RestaurantCharleston, al/taco-boy-restaurant/
21st space wing headquarters buildingPeterson Air Force Base, COhttp://www.greenroofs.com/projects/pview.php?id 1243
Duke UniversityOcean Conservation CenterBeaufort, ty/duke-university-ocean-conservation-center/
Chicago City HallChicago, stainable-green-roof-projects/
Rockefeller CenterNew York, stainable-green-roof-projects/
GENO HausStuttgart, ul-sustainable-green-roof-projects/CII-
Sohrabji Godrej Green Business CentreHyderabad, -sustainable-green-roof-projects/
Ford Rouge CenterDearborn, stainable-green-roof-projects/
Moore Farms Botanical GardenLake City, SC
Moore Farms Botanical GardenLake City, SC
Moore Farms Botanical GardenLake City, SC
Lee Hall III at Clemson UniversityClemson, SC
Lee Hall III at Clemson UniversityClemson, SC
Award Winning Green Roofs2006 Green Roofs forHealthy Cities Award ofExcellence IntensiveIndustrial/CommercialCategory Manulife InsuranceBuilding 601 Congress South Boston, s
2003 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Extensive New Construction Category Gap Inc. 901 Cherry Avenue San Bruno, avenue-gap
2010 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Intensive Institutional Category American Society of Landscape Architects Headquarters Washington, ciety-landscape-architects-headquarters-0
2008 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities award of Excellence Intensive Institutional Category Austin City Hall Austin, -hall
2014 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Extensive Institutional NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center San Diego, 16-noaa-southwest-fisheries-science-center
2003 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Extensive Institutional Category LDS Conference Center Salt Lake City, nce-center
2015 Extensive Industrial/Commercial Green Roof Award Berry Architecture Office Red Deer, Alberta, sed/345-2015-extensive-industrial-commercial
2015 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Extensive Institutional Green Roof Award The Krishna P. Singh Center for Nanotechnology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, 46-2015-extensive-institutional
2015 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Intensive Institutional Green Roof Award Helen Schuler Nature Center Lethbridge, AB, sed/352-2015-intensive-institutional
Green Roof of the Year 2014 Allianz Insurance Company Stuttgart, of-blog/green-roof-of-the-year-2014
2006 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Intensive Institutional Category Mashantucket Pequot Museum & Research Center Mashantucket, t-pequot-museum-research-center
2014 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Intensive Industrial/Commercial Green Roof Award Whole Foods Market Lynnfield, MAhttp://www.greenroofs.com/projects/pview.php?id 1612
2006 Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Award of Excellence Extensive Institutional Category 2006 AIA/COTE Top Ten Green Project Ballard Library Seattle, rary
2006 Excellence in Irrigation Honor Award from theAmerican Society of Irrigation Consultants and the 2005Green Roofs for Healthy Cities Awards of Excellence in theIntensive Industrial/Commercial category Millennium Park Chicago, ILhttp://www.greenroofs.com/projects/pview.php?id 459
South Carolina Green Roof Inventory Below is a list of green roofs in South Carolina, as shownon the Greenroofs.com projects database (Greenroofs). Users of this site, www.greenroofs.com can sort thedatabase by project name, roof size, project year,location, roof size, designer and more (Greenroofs).Greenroofs.com. 7/6/2016. http://www.greenroofs.com/projects/plist.php
This database is not a complete list of green roofs in SouthCarolina. For example, the following projects are not listed.(J. Baker and Z. Roach, personal communication, 7/1/16;Livingroofs)ProjectYearLocationRoof SizeLee Hall III2012Clemson University 30,000 ft2S.E.W Eurodrive2013Lyman, SC3,000 ft2Bon Secours St. Francis Health SystemMillennium Cancer Treatment Center2014Greenville, SC1,700 ft2Livingroofs, Inc. /s-e-w-eurodrive/
Award winning green roofs are not located in thesoutheast, so they are not exposed to the hot,humid conditions experienced in South Carolina.Green roof research is lacking in South Carolina.This is shown in the lack of plant survival in thesedum mats that were installed on the green roofon Lee Hall III at Clemson University (J. Baker andZ. Roach, personal communication, 7/1/16).Kirk Laminack, with Moore Farms and BotanicalGarden in Lake City, SC, noticed that sedums donot do well on green roofs in South Carolina (K.Laminack, Personal Communication, 6/25/16).
Recommendations Green roofs should be tailored to local climates. Someone should think outside the sedum box todiscover the varieties of plants that are bestsuited for southern green l
Jul 23, 2016 · Michael Whitfield and Chris Simmons, with Green Roof Outfitters, see this as one reason why there are so few green roofs in South Carolina (M. Whitfield and C.
the Municipalities buildings. Green roofs are also a part of the city’s Strategy for Biodiversity. Since 2010 green roofs are mandated in most new local plans. A calculation based on approved new local plans mandating green roofs gives a total of 200.000 m2 of green roofs to be installed. Today The
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Presentation that describes green roofs and benefits in reducing stormwater. Provides green roof case studies and an overview of tools and resources for green roofs. Keywords: Green Roofs, Stormwater Management, Urban
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