NC Foundations For Early Learning And Development
NC Foundations for Early Learning and Development:Advanced Course on Emotional & Social Developmentand Family EngagementUniversal Handouts for Modules 8-11
North CarolinaFoundations forEarly Learningand DevelopmentNorth Carolina Foundations Task Force
North CarolinaFoundations forEarly Learningand DevelopmentNorth Carolina Foundations Task Force
The North Carolina Foundations for EarlyLearning and Development may be freelyreproduced without permission for non-profit,educational purposes.North Carolina Foundations forEarly Learning and Development 2013. North Carolina FoundationsTask Force.WritersDesignerCatherine Scott-LittleHuman Development and Family Studies DepartmentUNC-GreensboroGina HarrisonFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillGlyn BrownSERVE CenterUNC-GreensboroPhotographyEdna CollinsDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesEditorsLindsey AlexanderLindsey Alexander EditorialKatie HumeFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HilliiPages:60 and 143 courtesy ofUNC-Greensboro, Child Care Education Program.36, 54, 135, 136, front cover (group shot), andback cover (infant) courtesy ofNC Department of Health and Human Services,Division of Child Development and Early Education.All others:Don Trull, John CotterFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and DevelopmentElectronic versions of this report are availablefrom the following /www.ncpublicschools.org/earlylearningSuggested citation: North CarolinaFoundations Task Force. (2013). NorthCarolina foundations for early learning anddevelopment. Raleigh: Author.Funding for this document was provided bythe North Carolina Early Childhood AdvisoryCouncil using funds received from a federalState Advisory Council grant from theAdministration for Children and Families, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services.
Table of ContentsAcknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vIntroduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Purpose of Foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Organization of This Document. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3How to Use Foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Domains, Subdomains, and Goals Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Guiding Principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Effective Use of Foundations with All Children. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Foundations and Children’s Success in School. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Helping Children Make Progress on Foundations Goals:It Takes Everyone Working Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Frequently Asked Questions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Approaches to Play and Learning (APL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Curiosity, Information-Seeking, and Eagerness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Play and Imagination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Risk-Taking, Problem-Solving, and Flexibility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Attentiveness, Effort, and Persistence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30343842Emotional and Social Development (ESD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48Developing a Sense of Self. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Developing a Sense of Self With Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56Learning About Feelings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61iiiNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and Development
Health and Physical Development (HPD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66Physical Health and Growth. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Motor Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Self-Care. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Safety Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70758084Language Development and Communication (LDC) . . . . . . . 88Learning to Communicate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93Foundations for Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104Foundations for Writing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111Cognitive Development (CD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116Construction of Knowledge: Thinking and Reasoning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121Creative Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127Social Connections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131Mathematical Thinking and Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137Scientific Exploration and Knowledge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144Supporting Dual Language Learners (DLL). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149Defining Dual Language Learners. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149The Dual Language Learning Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149DLL and Culture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150The Importance of Families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152DLL and Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155Selected Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163ivNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and Development
AcknowledgmentsIn 2011, the North Carolina Early ChildhoodAdvisory Council (ECAC) launched andfunded the important project of revisingthe Infant-Toddler Foundations andPreschool Foundations to create the NorthCarolina Foundations for Early Learning andDevelopment—a single document that describeschildren’s development and learning from birthto age five. Leaders from the Division of ChildDevelopment and Early Education as well asthe Office of Early Learning in the Departmentof Public Instruction provided critical advice,oversight, and vision on the Foundations and itsimplementation. As listed below, many individualsfrom across the state devoted their time andexpertise to this task force. We are grateful toeveryone’s work on this important resource forour state.This publication is dedicated to North Carolina’searly childhood professionals, teachers, andcaregivers who nurture and support thedevelopment of many young children while theirfamilies work or are in school.NC Foundations Task ForceExpert ReviewersInter-Agency Leadership TeamLaura BerkProfessor Emeritus, Psychology DepartmentIllinois State UniversityDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesSharon GloverCultural Competence ConsultantGlover and AssociatesMelissa JohnsonPediatric PsychologistWakeMed Health and HospitalsPatsy PierceSpeech Language PathologistLegislative AnalystNC General Assembly Research DivisionDeb CassidyAnna CarterEdna CollinsJani KozlowskiLorie PughOffice of Early LearningNC Department of Public InstructionJohn PruetteJody KoonHuman Development and Family Studies DepartmentUNC-GreensboroCatherine Scott-Little, Co-FacilitatorSheresa Boone BlanchardFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillKelly Maxwell, Co-FacilitatorvNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and Development
NC Foundations Task Force (cont.)Foundations Revisions ExpertWorkgroupNorm AllardPre-K Exceptional Children ConsultantOffice of Early LearningNC Department of Public InstructionJoe AppletonKindergarten TeacherSandy Ridge Elementary SchoolCindy BagwellCo-Chair of Cognitive Development WorkgroupEarly Childhood Education ConsultantOffice of Early LearningNC Department of Public InstructionHarriette BaileyAssistant ProfessorBirth-Kindergarten Program CoordinatorDepartment of Education, Shaw UniversitySheila BazemoreEducation ConsultantDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesDeborah CarrollBranch HeadEarly Intervention, Division of Public HealthNC Department of Health and Human ServicesRonda HawkinsChair of Emotional and Social Development WorkgroupEarly Childhood Program CoordinatorSandhills Community CollegeKathryn ClarkProfessor, Child Development Program CoordinatorChild Development, Meredith CollegePatricia HearronChair of Approaches to Learning WorkgroupProfessor, Family and Consumer SciencesAppalachian State UniversityRenee CockrellPediatricianRocky Mount Children’s Developmental Services AgencyLanier DeGrellaInfant Toddler Enhancement Project ManagerChild Care Services AssociationSherry FranklinQuality Improvement Unit ManagerDivision of Public HealthNC Department of Health and Human ServicesKate GallagherChild Care Program DirectorFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillStaci Herman-DraussInfant Toddler Education SpecialistChild Care Services AssociationVivian James619 CoordinatorPre-K Exceptional Children, Office of Early LearningNorth Carolina Department of Public InstructionLaTonya KennedyTeacherMountain Area Child and Family CenterDoré LaForettInvestigatorFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillBonnie BeamDirectorOffice of School Readiness, Cleveland County SchoolsKhari GarvinDirector, Head Start State Collaboration OfficeOffice of Early LearningNC Department of Public InstructionGwen BrownRegulatory SupervisorDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesCristina GillandersScientistFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillGerri MattsonPediatric Medical ConsultantDivision of Public HealthNC Department of Health and Human ServicesPaula CancroPreschool DirectorOur Lady of Mercy Catholic SchoolPamela HauserChild Care Licensing ConsultantDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesJanet McGinnisEducation ConsultantDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesviNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and DevelopmentBeth LeiroPhysical TherapistBeth Leiro Pediatric Physical Therapy
NC Foundations Task Force (cont.)Margaret MobleyManager, Promoting Healthy Social Behavior inChild Care SettingsChild Care Resources, Inc.Brenda WilliamsonAssistant Professor, Birth-Kindergarten Teacher EducationProgram CoordinatorNC Central UniversityJudy NeimeyerProfessor EmeritaSpecialized Education ServicesUNC-GreensboroGale WilsonRegional SpecialistNC Partnership for ChildrenEva PhillipsInstructor, Birth-Kindergarten EducationWinston-Salem State UniversityJackie QuirkChair of Health and Physical Development WorkgroupProject CoordinatorNC Child Care Health and Safety Resource CenterUNC Gillings School of Global Public HealthAmy ScrinziCo-Chair of Cognitive Development WorkgroupEarly Mathematics ConsultantCurriculum and Instruction DivisionNC Department of Public InstructionJanet SingermanPresidentChild Care Resources, Inc.Diane StrangisAssistant ProfessorChild Development, Meredith CollegeDan TetreaultChair of Language and Communication WorkgroupK–2 English Language Arts ConsultantCurriculum and Instruction DivisionNC Department of Public InstructionCatherine WoodallEducation ConsultantDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesDoyle WoodallPreschool TeacherJohnston County SchoolsDual Language Learners AdvisoryTeamCatherine Scott-Little, ChairAssociate Professor, Human Development and Family StudiesUNC-GreensboroTanya DennisTelamon CorporationShari FunkhouserPre-K Lead TeacherAsheboro City SchoolsCristina GillandersScientistFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillBelinda J. HardinAssociate Professor, Specialized Education ServicesUNC-GreensboroNorma A. HinderliterSpecial Education ExpertAdriana MartinezDirectorSpanish for Fun AcademyTasha Owens-GreenChild Care and Development Fund CoordinatorDivision of Child Development and Early EducationNC Department of Health and Human ServicesGexenia E. PardillaLatino Outreach SpecialistChild Care Resources Inc.Jeanne WakefieldExecutive DirectorThe University Child Care CenterStrategies WorkgroupSheresa Boone Blanchard, ChairChild Development and Family StudiesUNC-GreensboroPatsy BrownExceptional Children Preschool CoordinatorYadkin County SchoolsKristine EarlAssistant DirectorExceptional Children’s DepartmentIredell-Statesville SchoolsCristina GillandersScientistFrank Porter Graham Child Development InstituteUNC-Chapel HillWendy H-G GrayExceptional Children Preschool CoordinatorPitt County School SystemviiNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and Development
NC Foundations Task Force (cont.)Patricia HearronProfessor, Family and Consumer SciencesAppalachian State UniversityStaci Herman-DraussInfant Toddler Education SpecialistChild Care Services AssociationTami HoltzmannPreschool CoordinatorThomasville City SchoolsSusan TraversExceptional Children Curriculum Manager andPreschool CoordinatorBuncombe County SchoolsRhonda WigginsExceptional Children Preschool CoordinatorWayne County Public SchoolsRenee JohnsonPreschool CoordinatorEdgecombe County Public SchoolJenny KurzerExceptional Children Preschool CoordinatorBurke County Public SchoolsBrenda LittlePreschool CoordinatorStokes County SchoolsKaren J. LongInfant Toddler SpecialistChild Care Resources, IncJackie QuirkProject CoordinatorNC Child Care Health and Safety Resource CenterUNC Gillings School of Global Public HealthBrenda SigmonPreschool CoordinatorCatawba County/Newton Conover Preschool ProgramTeresa SmithPreschool CoordinatorBeaufort County SchoolsviiiNorth Carolina Foundations for Early Learning and Development
IntroductionChildren’s experiences before theyenter school matter—researchshows that children who experiencehigh-quality care and education,and who enter school well prepared,are more successful in school and later intheir lives. Recognizing the importance of theearly childhood period, North Carolina hasbeen a national leader in the effort to providehigh-quality care and education for youngchildren. Programs and services such as SmartStart, NC Pre-K, early literacy initiatives, NurseFamily Partnerships and other home visitingprograms, and numerous other initiativespromote children’s learning and development.Quality improvement initiatives such as ourStar Rated License, Child Care Resource andReferral (CCR&R) agencies, T.E.A.C.H. EarlyChildhood Scholarship Project, and the ChildCare W.A.G.E.S. Project are designed to improvethe quality of programs and services and, in turn,benefit children. Although the approaches aredifferent, these programs and initiatives share asimilar goal—to promote better outcomes forNorth Carolina’s young children. This document,North Carolina Foundations for Early Learningand Development (referred to as Foundations),serves as a shared vision for what we want for ourstate’s children and answers the quest
Co-Chair of Cognitive Development Workgroup Early Mathematics Consultant Curriculum and Instruction Division NC Department of Public Instruction Janet Singerman President Child Care Resources, Inc. Diane Strangis Assistant Professor Child Development, Meredith College Dan Tetreault Chair of Language and Communication Workgroup
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