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3D PRINTING WITHAUTODESK 123D CREATE AND PRINT 3D OBJECTS WITH 123D,AUTOCAD, AND INVENTORJohn BiehlerBill Fane800 East 96th Street,Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA

ii3D Printing with Autodesk 123D3D PRINTING WITH AUTODESK 123D Copyright 2014 by Que PublishingAll rights reserved. No part of this book shall be reproduced, stored ina retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission fromthe publisher. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use ofthe information contained herein. Although every precaution has beentaken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and author assumeno responsibility for errors or omissions. Nor is any liability assumed fordamages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.Editor-in-ChiefGreg WiegandExecutive EditorRick KughenDevelopment EditorSondra ScottManaging EditorSandra SchroederISBN-13: 978-0-7897-5328-1ISBN-10: 0-7897-5328-6Project EditorLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2014938539Copy EditorPrinted in the United States of AmericaMegan Wade-TaxterFirst printing May 2014TrademarksAll terms mentioned in this book that are known to be trademarks orservice marks have been appropriately capitalized. Que Publishing cannotattest to the accuracy of this information. Use of a term in this book shouldnot be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark.Autodesk, the Autodesk logo, 123D, and AutoCAD are registeredtrademarks or trademarks of Autodesk, Inc., and/or its subsidiaries and/oraffiliates in the USA and/or other countries.Seth KerneyIndexerLisa StumpfProofreaderKathy RuizTechnical EditorRalph GrabowskiPublishingCoordinatorThis book is independent of Autodesk, Inc., and is not authorized by,endorsed by, sponsored by, affiliated with, or otherwise approved byAutodesk, Inc.Kristen WattersonWarning and DisclaimerMark ShirarEvery effort has been made to make this book as complete and as accurateas possible, but no warranty or fitness is implied. The information providedis on an “as is” basis. The authors and the publisher shall have neitherliability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss ordamages arising from the information contained in this book.Special SalesFor information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for specialsales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; customcover designs; and content particular to your business, training goals,marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate salesdepartment at corpsales@pearsoned.com or (800) 382-3419.For government sales inquiries, please contact governmentsales@pearsoned.com.For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact international@pearsoned.com.Cover andInterior DesignerCompositorMary Sudul

iiiContents at a GlancePART IGETTING STARTED WITH 3D PRINTINGCHAPTER 1The Rise of 3D PrintingCHAPTER 2Basic Principles of 3D PrintingPART IIUSING 123D IN A 3D PRINTING WORLDCHAPTER 3123D Creature for iPadCHAPTER 4Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchCHAPTER 5Introducing 123D Design for iPadCHAPTER 6123D Design Exercises for iPadCHAPTER 7Workspace Basics of 123D Design for Mac and PCCHAPTER 8123D Design Exercises for Mac and PCCHAPTER 9Preparing 3D Models for PrintingPART III3D PRINTING FOR AUTOCAD AND INVENTOR USERS15256387151163173CHAPTER 11 Why and How to Use 3D Printing185CHAPTER 13 Designing Multipart Models to Print PreassembledCHAPTER 14 Exporting Models to a 3D PrinterPART IV107121CHAPTER 10 The Difference Between Surface and Solid ModelsCHAPTER 12 Designing Easy-to-Print Parts51199213EXPORTING MODELS TO THIRD-PARTY 3D PRINTING SERVICESCHAPTER 15 Using Inventor to Print Directly to Third-Party 3D PrintingServices 229CHAPTER 16 Using a Third-Party 3D Printing Service BureauCHAPTER 17 The Future of 3D PrintingIndex257253241

iv3D Printing with Autodesk 123DTable of ContentsChapter 1The Rise of 3D Printing 13D Printing Will Change the WorldChapter 22Basic Principles of 3D PrintingHow 3D Printing Works55Layered Approach to 3D Printing 5Printing Time for Layers 17A More Realistic 3D Printing Example18Two Basic Types of Printers 20Deposition—Deposit This 20Fusion—Take This Material And Stick It 20Stacking Up: The Third Type of 3D Printing ProcessPros and Cons of 3D Printing Processes21Pros and Cons of Deposition Printers2121Pros and Cons of Fusion Printers 24Summary 24Chapter 3123D Creature for iPadCreating a Creature2526Adding Bones and Joints 30Moving the Model31Sculpting Your Creature 32Working with Control Options34Sharing Your Creature 45Summary 50Chapter 4Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchPhotographing Objects52Correcting the Model 56Orienting the Model59Repairing the Model 60Summary 62Chapter 5Introducing 123D Design for iPad123D Design InterfacePrimitives Parts66656351

Table of ContentsvParts Kit LibraryRotate ToolScale ToolAdjust68707071Combine Tools 74Reshape Tools 76Take a Picture OptionObject Editing Tools8080Project/File Menu OptionsProjects and Galleries8283Additional Support 83Saving to the CloudCamera View8485Summary 85Chapter 6123D Design Exercises for iPad87Creating New Projects 87Scaling and Smoothing EdgesUsing the Chamfer Tool94Manipulating Existing ProjectsAligning the Model9196100Finishing the Model103Sending a File to a 3D Printer105Summary 106Chapter 7Workspace Basics of 123D Design for Mac and PC123D Design TemplatesStarting a New Project108109Toolbar Controls 111Menu Options 113Summary 120Chapter 8123D Design Exercises for Mac and PCExercise: Create a Coffee MugMaking the Mug Handle122129Exercise: Create a Business Card HolderSummary 149140121107

vi3D Printing with Autodesk 123DChapter 9Preparing 3D Models for PrintingCode Used for Printing a 3D ModelScale and DimensionManifold Geometry151152155156Orientation 158Adding Support Material159Place Good Side of Model Against Print BedConsider Print Orientation160160Summary 161Chapter 10 The Difference Between Surface and Solid ModelsThe Solid Facts About CAD163Animated 3D CAD Models166Show Me Some Skin ModelsAutoCAD Versus Inventor163168171Summary 172Chapter 11 Why and How to Use 3D Printing173What Can Possibly Go Wrong, Go Wrong, Go Wrong Using 3D Prototypes to Verify Designs176Manufacturing Small Quantities with 3D PrintingCreating Metal Parts with 3D PrintingAllowing for Shrinkage182183Using 3D Printing for Large Parts184Summary 184Chapter 12 Designing Easy-to-Print Parts185Design Versus Make—Know the Process 185We Can Do This the Hard Way 187 Or We Can Do This the Easy Way 189Helpful Hints to Minimize Problems 191Size of the Little Details Matters 192No Visible Means of Support 192Fusion-Type Printers194Deposition-Type Printers194Creating Usable 3D-Printable Threads 196Solutions to 3D Printing Large Objects 197Summary 198181173

Table of ContentsviiChapter 13 Designing Multipart Models to Print PreassembledEffects of Printer Resolution on Parts199199Using Derived Part Functionality 200Resolving Interference Problems203Problems Unique to AutoCAD 203Issues with Ball and Roller Bearings 203Ball and Bearing Solutions 205Considerations Before Using 3D Printing for Parts208When Not to Use 3D Printing 209Summary 211Chapter 14 Exporting Models to a 3D Printer213Exporting STL Files 213Using Inventor to Export Files213Using AutoCAD to Export FilesScale215216Optional Extras217Resolution Setting Options219Assemblies as Separate Files Option219Viewing STL Parts 220Inventor 2013 Users, Do NOT Try This at HomeInventor 2014’s Own File Naming QuirkUsing STL Files to Translate CAD ModelsSomething Completely Nerdy222222The STL File Format ExplainedThe Three Sides of STL Files220221222224G-Code Used to Send STL Files 225Summary 227Chapter 15 Using Inventor to Print Directly to Third-Party 3D PrintingServices 229Connecting to a Third-Party Print Service229Options for 3D Printing 232More Inventor STL Export Options 2323D Print Preview Button Bar OptionsUsing the Assembly One File OptionSummary 239234237

viii3D Printing with Autodesk 123DChapter 16 Using a Third-Party 3D Printing Service BureauReasons to Use a Third-Party Service Bureau241Capability of Service Bureau Machines242Players in the Third-Party Service Arena242Uploading 3D Projects to Third-Party ServicesOrdering a 3D Print242Using the Edit Details Tab247Pricing and Materials OptionsCheckout Options249252Summary 252Chapter 17 The Future of 3D Printing 253The Future According to Bill 253The Future According to John 255Index 257242241

About the AuthorsixAbout the AuthorsJohn Biehler has been writing online about technology since 1999. An avid photographerand generally curious geek, he discovered 3D printing a number of years ago and built hisfirst 3D printer shortly thereafter. Since then, he has been actively sharing his knowledgeabout the technology with thousands of people at various events and conferences inWestern Canada and the Pacific Northwest, on television and radio, as well as onlinethrough his website. He cofounded a Vancouver-area group of 3D printer builders andenthusiasts that has grown exponentially since it started and as the technology headstoward the mainstream.Bill Fane was a product engineer and then product engineering manager for Weiser Lockin Vancouver, British Columbia, for 27 years and holds 12 U.S. patents. He has been usingAutoCAD for design work since Version 2.17g (1986) and Inventor since version 1.0 beta(1996). He is a retired Professional Engineer and an Autodesk Authorized Training Centre(ATC) certified instructor. He began teaching mechanical design in 1996 at the BritishColumbia Institute of Technology (BCIT) in Vancouver, including such courses as AutoCAD,Mechanical Desktop, Inventor, SolidWorks, machine design, term projects, manufacturingprocesses, and design procedures. He retired from this position in 2008. He has lecturedon a wide range of AutoCAD and Inventor subjects at Autodesk University since 1995 andat Destination Desktop since 2003. He was the AUGI CAD Camp National Team instructorfor the manufacturing track. He has written more than 220 “The Learning Curve” AutoCADtutorial columns for CADalyst magazine since 1986. He is the current author of the bookAutoCAD for Dummies. He also writes software product reviews for CADalyst, Design ProductNews, and Machine Design. He is an active member of the Vancouver AutoCAD Users Society,“the world’s oldest and most dangerous.” In his spare time he skis, water skis, windsurfs,scuba dives, sails a Hobie Cat, rides an off-road motorcycle, drives his ’37 Rolls Roycelimousine or his wife’s ’89 Bentley Turbo R, travels extensively with his wife, and plays withhis grandchildren.

x3D Printing with Autodesk 123DDedicationJohn Biehler: I want to dedicate this book to Kelli Smith, who watched patiently as I built my first 3Dprinter on my dining room table and has supported my efforts in 3D printing ever since my first printedobject came off the printer.Bill Fane: To my wife Bev, who still manages to tolerate me after being married for 48 years.AcknowledgmentsJohn Biehler: I want to acknowledge and thank friends and members of 3D604.org, theVancouver Hackspace, and Metrix Create:Space in Seattle. Without their help, friendship,and willingness to share their knowledge, my participation in this book would not have beenpossible.

Reader ServicesxiWe Want to Hear from You!As the reader of this book, you are our most important critic and commentator. We valueyour opinion and want to know what we’re doing right, what we could do better, whatareas you’d like to see us publish in, and any other words of wisdom you’re willing to passour way.We welcome your comments. You can email or write to let us know what you did or didn’tlike about this book—as well as what we can do to make our books better.Please note that we cannot help you with technical problems related to the topic of this book.When you write, please be sure to include this book’s title and author as well as your nameand email address. We will carefully review your comments and share them with the authorand editors who worked on the book.Email:feedback@quepublishing.comMail:Que PublishingATTN: Reader Feedback800 East 96th StreetIndianapolis, IN 46240 USAReader ServicesVisit our website and register this book at quepublishing.com/register for convenient accessto any updates, downloads, or errata that might be available for this book.

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4Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and123D CatchAutodesk has a free service called 123D Catch that allows you to scan objects in 3D of just aboutanything, including people or buildings, using a regular digital camera—even with the one in yoursmartphone or tablet.NOTEYou will need to set up an Autodesk account (it‘s free) before you can start. The process isquick and only requires a valid email address. It can be done via the application directly or viathe website at http://123dapp.com.There are a couple of ways to use 123D Catch. In this chapter, we cover the use of the iOS and webversions of the software. Both require that you take multiple photos of your object, from every anglepossible. Then you submit those photos to the 123D servers either from within the Apple iOS app orvia your browser.NOTE123D Catch is not currently available for Android devices but works with any mobile iOS devicefrom Apple that has a camera such as an iPhone, iPad (see Figure 4.1), or iPod Touch.The 123D website then processes those images and presents you a 3D model of the object. We goover some tips to ensure the best possible success in capturing your model.

52CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchFIGURE 4.1 Launching 123D Catch application on iPad.NOTE123D Catch doesn’t require the use of an Apple device. You can use any cameraand upload the photos using the website version of the application. The same tipsapply when using your own camera. The iOS app just saves you the step of having tomanually upload the photos.Photographing ObjectsLet’s start with a handmade ceramic cactus that was purchased at a street market in Mexicoabout 20 years ago. The scanning process works best with objects that aren’t shiny becausereflections can cause problems while processing the model.TIPIf you have an object with a shiny or reflective surface, you can apply something suchas cornstarch, flour, or a similar powder to make that surface less reflective. Thesame applies if you are scanning people. Dark hair doesn’t register as well as lighterhair. Applying a white powder (such as cornstarch) to dark hair will assist in bringingout the details in the model when scanning.Using an iPad and the 123D Catch app, approximately 30 photos of the cactus were takenfrom every angle of it (see Figure 4.2).

Photographing Objects53NOTEThe 123D Catch app is free from the Apple App Store. Visit http://123Dapp.com/for more information.FIGURE 4.2 Using an iPad to photograph the cactus.Start at one side of the object, and work your way around it, keeping the object fully in theframe, approximately the same distance for each photo. Alternatively, you can set up yourcamera in a fixed position and rotate the object you’re photographing. It’s better to havesome overlap of the object in each photo than not because the software will figure outwhere to stitch the images together better.TIPIdeally, the background in the photos should be high contrast or complex compared toyour object. Scanning a solid red object on a red table for example will lead to a poorscan. Simply using a sheet of (black-and-white) newspaper underneath your object cangreatly improve your scanning results. This contrast helps the software separate yourobject from the background in the photos.

54CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchYou can review what you’ve captured by pressing the Review button, as shown in Figure 4.3.You can delete images or retake specific angles if they didn’t turn out simply by tapping onthe photo.FIGURE 4.3 Gallery of captured images for review.If you touch the screen on the iPad with one finger, you can rotate the model. Using twofingers at the same time, you can pinch and zoom to adjust your view of the model. Themodel also can appear upside-down depending on the orientation of the camera used tocapture it.When you’re happy with the results, press the Finish Capture button, which takes you backto the Captures tab. Press the Tap to Process button to begin the process of uploading thephotos to the Autodesk servers and begin converting the images into your 3D model.NOTEThis process can vary in length depending on how busy the servers are and howcomplex your model is, but it usually takes only a few minutes.When the software finished processing the model, it gave me the 3D model of the cactus(see Figure 4.4).

Photographing Objects55FIGURE 4.4 Reviewing the 3D model output from 123D Catch on the iPad.FIGURE 4.5 Overhead view of 3D model.

56CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchCorrecting the ModelThere are a few issues with the model that need to be corrected; we walk through them here.You’ll notice that the top of the surface on which your object was sitting may also beincluded in the model. Shortly, we’ll go through the steps to trim that off, leaving only thedesired object behind as your 3D model.After saving the model to your Autodesk account, you then can manipulate it further usingthe other Autodesk applications. We cover these in later chapters. Your model shouldappear in the Captures tab of 123D Catch on the iPad and in the My Projects section onlineafter you log in to 123D Catch (see Figure 4.6).FIGURE 4.6 Reviewing the finished output 3D model of the cactus in the onlineversion of 123D Catch.As mentioned, the bottom of the model contains the surface on which the object wassitting when you captured the images. We’re going to use the Plane Cut tool to trim off thebottom of the model, leaving behind only the cactus object, as shown in Figure 4.7.

Correcting the Model57FIGURE 4.7 Plane Cut tool.Select the Plane Cut tool from the toolbar. A set of controls should appear on your modelwith an arrow pointing along the Z axis. The bottom of this arrow represents the bottom ofthe model and direction the cut will occur. A circular control on both the X and Y axis letsyou rotate the cutting surface and align it with the bottom of your model.In Figure 4.8, the arrow is pointing down. It should be pointing up; otherwise the top of thecactus would get cut off. Click and drag your mouse on either the X or Y circle (below thepurple line in Figure 4.8) to rotate the cut line. It should snap at the 45o and 90o positionsto help with alignment.FIGURE 4.8 Ensure the arrow is pointing in the correct direction of thedesired cut.

58CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchWhen the arrow is orientated correctly, you can then click and drag it to move the cuttingplane up and down your model (see Figure 4.9). In this example, you want to see onlythe purple line along the bottom of the cactus which means that the cut will discard thecountertop surface.FIGURE 4.9 Moving the cutting plane.Use the X- and Y-axis circles again to pivot the model along the plane until it’s level. Thepurple line represents the new bottom of the model. Press the Apply button when you’rehappy with the position of the purple cutting line.In Figure 4.10, you can see that the bottom of the model has been cut and the countertopsurface has been removed from the model.FIGURE 4.10 Cutting complete.

Correcting the Model59Orienting the ModelOne last thing that you might need to do is orient the model so that it is upright forprinting. You’ll notice in Figure 4.11 that in the upper-right corner of the screen theorientation box is upside-down.FIGURE 4.11 Orienting the model.To correct this, press the Orientate button from the menu; a blue plane appears on themodel. Clicking the arrow enables you to rotate the model and correct the orientation (seeFigure 4.12). In this example you need to rotate the model 180o.FIGURE 4.12 Model orientated correctly.Note that the upper-right box is now upright. You’ll need to save the model before youproceed to the next and final steps of repairing the model.

60CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchRepairing the ModelIt’s not uncommon for scans to result in some holes or rough spots due to the softwaremisinterpreting your source photos. This can be caused by a number of reasons, but usuallyit’s due to areas of the source object being in shadow or too similar to surrounding areas.Fortunately, 123D Catch has some repair options included that will analyze the finishedmodel. You can manually do some spot repairs to the model using the Smooth tool forrough areas and holes. Automatic repairs can be done using the Heal Mesh and AutoCleanup tools from the menu.The Smooth tool is used to smooth out any rough points in the model that might not havebeen processed as accurately as desired. You can adjust the brush size using the slider onthe bottom as well as the strength of the effect.Start with small brush Size and low Strength; then work your way up (see Figure 4.13). Youdon’t want to apply too strong of an effect because it will look obvious on the model. Also,be sure you rotate around the model to smooth all sides of the model.FIGURE 4.13 Smoothing the model.The Heal Mesh tool detects any holes in the model and repairs them. Inspect the modelafter applying this to ensure it doesn’t close openings that you intended to be open (seeFigure 4.14).

Correcting the Model61FIGURE 4.14 Getting ready to 3D print the model.The Auto-Cleanup option magically fixes the model and removes any of the detached partsof the object. This is the last step you should apply. Again, inspect the model from all sidesto ensure it didn’t over-repair any parts of the model unnecessarily. Use the Undo option ifyou aren’t happy with the results.Finally, you can choose to preview the model for your 3D printer software or send it to aprinting service (see Figure 4.15). For more information on how to send your model to a 3D printing service, go to Chapter 16, “Usinga Third-Party 3D Printing Service Bureau.”

62CHAPTER 4: Creating 3D Objects with Cameras and 123D CatchFIGURE 4.15 Autodesk Print Utility preview of the finished model for printing ona MakerBot.SummaryIn this chapter, we used an iPad to photograph a physical object and create a 3D modelfrom those photographs. Then, using a number of built-in tools, we cleaned up andrepaired the model, getting it ready to send to a 3D printer.In the next chapter, we dive into creating models from scratch using your iPad and 123DDesign.

IndexSymbols3D CAD modelsanimated, 166-168skin models, 168-171surface models, 168-1703D CAD solids, 163-1663D modelscode for printing, 152-155orientation, 158-159printing, placing good side of model againstprint bed, 1603D-printable threads, creating, 196-1973D printers, sending files to (123D Design foriPad), 105-1063D printing, 5considerations for parts, 208future of, 2-3, 253-256large objects, 197-198large parts, 184layered approach, 5-17examples, 18-19printing time, 17metal parts, creating, 182-183options in Inventor, 232small quantities, 181-182third-party service bureaus. See third-partyservice bureauswhen not to use, 209-2103D Print Preview (Inventor), 233-234button bar options, 234-2373D prints, ordering from third-party services,242-2493D projects, uploading to third-partyservices, 242ordering 3D prints, 242-2493D prototypescost, 180design verification, 176-180123D Catch, 5Android devices, 51correcting models, 56-58launching on iPad, 52orienting models, 59photographing objects, 52-54repairing models, 60-61123D Creature, 25control options, 34-44sharing your creature, 45-49creating creatures, 26-27adding bones and joints, 30-31sculpting creatures, 32-33moving models, 31skeleton controls, 36123D Design for iPad, 63-64Chamfer tool, 94-96creating new projects, 87-90interface, 65-66object editing tools, 80-81Parts Kit Library, 68-80Primitives, 66-68manipulating existing projects, 96-100aligning models, 100-103finishing models, 103-105Project/File menu, 82additional support, 83

123D Design for iPad258Camera view, 85Projects and Galleries section, 83saving to the cloud, 84scaling and smoothing edges, 91-93sending files to 3D printers, 105-106123D Design for Mac and PC, 107exercisescreating a business card holder, 140-148creating a coffee mug, 122-129creating a coffee mug, making the handle,129-139Gallery, 109starting new projects, 109-111menu options, 113-119toolbar controls, 111-112templates, 108-109Aaccounts, setting up, 51addingbones and joints to creatures, 30-31support material when printing, 159-160additive manufacturing, 181-182aligning models, 123D Design for iPad,100-103Align tool, Parts Kit Library, 72Android devices, 123D Catch, 51animated 3D CAD models, 166-168Assemblies as Separate Files, exportingSTL files, 219-220Assembly One File option, STL exportoptions, 237-238AutoCADinterference problems, 203versus Inventor, 171STL files, exporting, 215-216AutoCAD meshes, 170Auto-Cleanup option, 61Autodesk, 5accounts, 51Autodesk Print Utility preview, 62Bbackgrounds, 53Bake Skeleton, 37ball and roller bearings, interferenceproblems, 203-206BCIT (British Columbia Institute ofTechnology), 185bones, adding to creatures, 30-31British Columbia Institute of Technology(BCIT), 185business card holders, creating with 123DDesign for Mac and PC, 140-148CCAD models, translating with STL files,222CAD solids, 163-166Camera view, Project/File menu (123DDesign for iPad), 85Chamfer tool, 76-77, 91, 143123D Design for iPad, 94-96checkout options, third-party services, 252code for printing 3D models, 152-155coffee mugs. See exercisescolor change tool, Parts Kit Library, 79Combine tool, 134123D Design for Mac and PC, 116Combine tools, Parts Kit Library, 74combining objects, 134Community creatures, 27connecting to third-party print services,Inventor, 229-231consof deposition printers, 21-24of fusion printers, 24Construct menu, 123D Design for Macand PC, 115control options, 123D Creature, 34-44sharing your creature, 45-49

human errors259correcting models, 123D Catch, 56-58cost, prototypes, 180Creature News, 29creatures, creating with 123D Creature,26-27adding bones and joints, 30-31sculpting creatures, 32-33cutting planes, moving, 58cylinders, sizing, 122with Inventor, 213-215Inventor options, 232-233Inventor options, 3D Print Preview buttonbar options, 234-237Inventor options, Assembly One Fileoption, 237-238optional extras, 217-218resolution setting options, 219scaling, 216DFdeposition printers, 20pros and cons, 21-24support, 194derived part functionality, 200-202Design Accelerator functionality, 203designing versus making, 185-191design verification, 1733D prototypes, 176-180dimensions, 155-156filesnaming in Inventor 2014, 221sending to 3D printers (123D Design foriPad), 105-106Fillet tool, 76, 128finishing models, 123D Design for iPad,103-105fusion printers, pros and cons, 24fusion-type printers, support, 194future of 3D printing, 253-256Eedges, scaling and smoothing (123DDesign for iPad), 91-93effects of printer resolution on parts,199-200derived part functionality, 200-202errors, 173-176design verification, 176-180examples, layered approach to 3Dprinting, 18-19exercises for 123D Design for Mac and PCcreating a business card holders, 140-148creating a coffee mug, 122-129making the handle, 129-139exporting STL files, 213Assemblies as Separate Files option,219-220with AutoCAD, 215-216GGallery, 123D Design for Mac and PC,109G-Code, sending STL files, 225-226Gibson, William, 254Grouping menu, 123D Design for Mac andPC, 116Hhair width, 20Heal Mesh tool, 60hollow tool, 78Hull, Charles, 1human errors, 173-1763D prototypes to verify designs, 176-180

i.materialize260ILi.materialize, 242Information button, Parts Kit Library, 73interfaces, 123D Design for iPad, 65-66object editing tools, 80-81Parts Kit Library, 68-80Primitives, 66-68interference problemsball and roller bearings, 203-206resolving, 203Inventor3D printing options, 2323D Print Preview function, 233-234versus AutoCAD, 171connecting to third-party print services,229-231derived part functionality, 200-202Design Accelerator functionality, 203STL export options, 232-2333D Print Preview button bar options,234-237Assembly One File option, 237-238STL filesAssemblies as Separate Files, 219-220exporting, 213-217resolution setting options, 219substituting parts, 207threads, 196Inventor 2013, viewing STL parts, 220Inventor 2014, file naming, 221iPad123D Creature, 25123D Design. See 123D Design for iPad,launching, 123D Catch, 52large objects, printing, 197-198large parts, printing, 184launching 123D Catch on iPad, 52layered approach to 3D printing, 5-17examples, 18-19printing time, 17layered printing, 21limbs, 31listingsSample G-Code Output with Configuration Settings for the Printer, 153STL File Format Sample, 223STL File Format Using General NumberFormat, 224Jjoining objects, 137joints, adding to creatures, 30-31MMakerBot Replicator 2, 151MakerWare, adding support material, 159manifold, 156-157manipulating existing projects, 123DDesign for iPad, 96-105mass properties, rocker arms, 164materials, third-party services, 249-251Materials tool, 123D Design for Mac andPC, 118measurements, metric, 155Measure tool, 123D Design for Mac andPC, 117menu options, 123D Design for Mac andPC, 113-119meshes, AutoCAD, 170metal parts, creating, 182-183millimeters, 156minimizingprinting problems, 191resolution, 192support, 192-196reflection, 52

Primitives menu, 123D Design for Mac and PC261mistakes, 173-1763D prototypes to verify designs, 176-180modelsaligning, 123D Design for iPad, 100-103code for printing, 152-155correcting, 123D Catch, 56-58finishing, 123D Design for iPad, 103-105moving, 123D Creature, 31orientation, 158

Autodesk, the Autodesk logo, 123D, and AutoCAD are registered . Pros and Cons of Deposition Printers 21 Pros and Cons of Fusion Printers 24 Summary 24 . He also writes software product reviews for CADalyst, Design Product News, and Machine Design. He is

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