PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PMcoursePROJECT MANAGEMENTCourse 1 – Introduction to Project ManagementProject ManagementfundamentalsProject attributes,constraints &stakeholdersCătălina MancașPM framework,knowledge areas,tools & techniques
WHY?New technologies have become a significant factor in many businesses.The complexity and importance of IT projects, which use hardware,software, and networks to create a product, service, or result,have evolved dramatically.Computer hardware, software, networks, and the use of interdisciplinaryand global work teams have radically changed the work environment.Today’s PM is a distinct profession with degree programs,certifications, and excellent career opportunities.Digital Transformation by Mat Ford urse2
Worldwide IT spending was 3.5 trillion in 2017, a 2.4 percent increase from 2016spending. Communications services accounted for 40 percent of the spending. 1The PMI reported that the number of project-related jobs reached almost 66 millionin 2017, and demand continues to increase. 2By 2027, employers will need 87.7 million individuals working in PM–oriented roles. 2The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates the unemployment rate forIT professionals to be only 2 percent, and project management is one ofthe ten hottest tech skills. 3WHYIn 2017, the average annual salary (without bonuses) for someone in thePM profession was 112,00 per year in the United States and 130,866 in Switzerland. 4Salaries of survey respondents across 37 countries were 23 percent higher for thosewith the Project Management Professional (PMP ) credential than those without it. 4The top skills employers look for in new college graduates are all related to PM: teamwork, decision making, problem-solving, and verbal communication. 5PMcourse3
1 Gartner, Inc., “Gartner Says Worldwide IT Spending Forecast to Grow 2.4 Percent in2017” (April 2, 2014).2 Project Management Institute, “Project Management Job Growth and Talent Gap”(2017).3 Mary K. Pratt, “10 hottest tech skills for 2017,” ComputerWorld (December 7, 2016).read MORE4 Project Management Institute, Earning Power: Project Management Salary Survey10th Edition (2017).5 Adams, Susan, “The 10 Skills Employers Most Want in 2015 Graduates,” Forbes(November 12, 2014).PMcourse4
WHY?Today’s companies, governments, and nonprofit organizations arerecognizing that to be successful, they need to use modernPM techniques, especially for IT projects.Individuals are realizing that to remain competitive in the workplace, theymust develop skills to become good project team membersand project managers.They also realize that many of the concepts of PM will help them in theireveryday lives as they work with people and technology on a daily basis.PMcourse5
WHYIn 1995, the Standish Group published an often-quoted study titled “The CHAOS Report.”This consulting firm surveyed 365 IT executive managers in the United States who managed more than 8,380 IT applicationprojects. As the title of the study suggests, the projects were in a state of chaos.U.S. companies spent more than 250 billion each year in the early 1990s on approximately 175,000 IT applicationdevelopment projects. Examples of these projects included creating a new database for a state departmentof motor vehicles, developing a new system for car rental and hotel reservations, and implementinga client-server architecture for the banking industry.The study reported that the overall success rate of IT projects was only 16.2 percent.The surveyors defined success as meeting project goals on time and on budget.The study also found that more than 31 percent of IT projects were canceled before completion, costing U.S. companiesand government agencies more than 81 billion.The study authors were adamant about the need for better project management in the IT industry.They explained, “Software development projects are in chaos, and we can no longer imitate the three monkeys—hear nofailures, see no failures, speak no failures.”Standish Group, “The CHAOS Report,” www.standishgroup.com (1995).Jim Johnson, “CHAOS: The Dollar Drain of IT Project Failures,” Application Development Trends (January 1995).PMcourse6
WHYAlthough this study was done 20 years ago, it was significant in making senior executivespay attention to the importance of IT project management.In another large study, PricewaterhouseCoopers surveyed 200 companies from 30 different countriesabout their PM maturity and found that over half of all projects fail.The study also found that only 2.5 percent of corporations consistently meet their targets forscope, time, and cost goals for all types of projects.Standish Group, “The CHAOS Report,” www.standishgroup.com (1995).Jim Johnson, “CHAOS: The Dollar Drain of IT Project Failures,” Application Development Trends (January 1995).PMcourse7
Better control of financial, physical,and human resources Improved customer relations Shorter development times Lower costs and improved productivity Higher quality and increased reliability Higher profit marginsBENEFITS Better internal coordination Positive impact on meeting strategic goalsof adopting PM techniques Higher worker moralePMcourse8
Articulate the growing need for better projectmanagement, especially for IT projectsExplain what a project is, provide examples ofIT projects, list various attributes of projects,and describe constraints of projectmanagementDefine project management and discuss keyelements of the project managementframework, including project stakeholders,the project management knowledge areas,common tools and techniques, and projectsuccessLearning ObjectivesProject, IT project, project attributes, projectconstraints, project stakeholders, PM, PMframework, PM knowledge areas, PM toolsPMcourse9
Project ManagementfundamentalsProject, IT project, project attributes, project constraints, PM, PMframework, project stakeholders, PM knowledge areas, PM toolsand techniques, project success factorsPMcourse10
A project is “a temporary endeavorPROJECTundertaken to create a uniquedefinitionproduct, service, or result.” (PMI)Project Management Institute, Inc., A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) – Sixth Edition (2017), p. 4PMcourse11
PROJECT VS. OPERATIONProject Management vs. Operation ManagementProjectOperationProjects are different from operations in that theyend when their objectives have been reached or theproject has been terminated.Operations is work done in organizations to sustain thebusiness.It focuses on the ongoing production of goods andservices.It is important to note that people focusing on operations and projects must work together for a smooth transition.For example, in software development, DevOps is a fairly new term used to describe a culture of collaborationbetween software development and operations teams to build, test, and release reliable software more quickly.PMcourse12
IT PROJECTSIT projects involve using hardware, software, and networksto createa product, service, or result.A wide variety of projects use information technologies and organizations rely on them for success.PMcourse13
IT PROJECTS examplesA large network of healthcare providers updates its information systems and procedures to reduce hospitalacquired diseases.A team of students creates a smartphone application and sells it online.A company develops a driverless car.A college upgrades its technology infrastructure to provide wireless Internet access across the whole campus aswell as online access to all academic and student service information.A company implements a new system to increase sales force productivity and customer relationship managementthat will work on various laptops, smartphones, and tablets.A television network implements a system to allow viewers to vote for contestants and provide other feedback onprograms via social media sites.A government group develops a system to track child immunizations.A large group of volunteers from organizations throughout the world develops standards for environmentallyfriendly or green IT.A global bank acquires other financial institutions and needs to consolidate systems and procedures.Government regulations require monitoring of pollutants in air and water.PMcourse14
PROJECT attributesA project has a unique purpose.Every project should have a well-defined objective.Projects result in a unique product, service, or result.A project is temporary.A project has a definite beginning and end.A project drives change and enables value creation.A project is initiated to bring about a change in order to meet a need or desire. Its purpose is toachieve a specific objective which changes the context from a current state to a more desired orvalued future state.PMcourse15
PROJECT attributesA project has a unique purpose.Every project should have a well-defined objective.Projects result in a unique product, service, or result.A project is temporary.A project has a definite beginning and end.A project drives change and enables value creation.A project is initiated to bring about a change in order to meet a need or desire. Its purpose is toachieve a specific objective which changes the context from a current state to a more desired orvalued future state.PMcourse16
PROJECT attributesA project has a unique purpose.Every project should have a well-defined objective.Projects result in a unique product, service, or result.A project is temporary.A project has a definite beginning and end.A project drives change and enables value creation.A project is initiated to bring about a change in order to meet a need or desire. Its purpose is toachieve a specific objective which changes the context from a current state to a more desired orvalued future state.PMcourse17
PROJECT attributesA project has a unique purpose.Every project should have a well-defined objective.Projects result in a unique product, service, or result.A project is temporary.A project has a definite beginning and end.A project drives change and enables value creation.A project is initiated to bring about a change in order to meet a need or desire. Its purpose is toachieve a specific objective which changes the context from a current state to a more desired orvalued future state.PMcourse18
PROJECT attributesA project is developed using progressive elaboration.Projects are often defined broadly when they begin, and as time passes, thespecific details of the project become clearer.Therefore, projects should be developed in increments.A project team should develop initial plans and then update them with more detailbased on new information.A project requires resources, often from various areas.Resources include people, hardware, software, and other assets.PMcourse19
PROJECT attributesMany projects cross departmental or other boundaries toachieve their unique purposes.People from IT, marketing, sales, distribution, and other areas of the companywould need to work together to develop ideas.A project should have a primary customer or sponsorMost projects have many interested parties or stakeholders, but for a project tosucceed someone must take the primary role of sponsorship.The project sponsor usually provides the direction and funding for the project.PMcourse20
PROJECT attributesA project involves uncertainty.Because every project is unique, it is sometimes difficult to define its objectivesclearly, estimate how long it will take to complete, or determine how much it willcost.External factors also cause uncertainty, such as a supplier going out of business or aproject team member needing unplanned time off.PMcourse21
PROJECT attributesA project involves uncertainty.Because every project is unique, it is sometimes difficult to define its objectivesclearly, estimate how long it will take to complete, or determine how much it willcost.External factors also cause uncertainty, such as a supplier going out of business or aproject team member needing unplanned time off.PMcourse22
PROJECT’S SUCCESUncertainty is one of the main reasonsproject management is so challenging, especiallyon projects involving new technologies.An effective project manager is crucialto a project’s success.Project managers work with the project sponsors,team, and the other people involvedto achieve project goals.PMcourse23
PROJECT constraintsPMcourse24
PROJECT constraintsWhat work will be done as part of the project? What unique product,service, or result does the customer or sponsor expect from theproject? How will the scope be verified?How long should it take to complete the project? What is the project’sschedule? How will the team track actual schedule performance? Whocan approve changes to the schedule?What should it cost to complete the project? What is the project’sbudget? How will costs be tracked? Who can authorize changes to thebudget?PMcourse25
PM triangleTo create a successful project, a project manager must consider scope,time, and cost and balance these three often-competing goals:PMcourse26
PM /2009/11/thats-why-we-love-this-job.htmlPMcourse27
PM triangleTo create a successful project, a project manager must consider scope,time, and cost and balance these three often-competing goals:PMcourse28
“Project management is likejuggling three balls –time, cost and quality.” G. ReissGood project management includes morethan managing project roject-management-quotes-inspiration/PMcourse29
PM DEFINITIONProject management is“the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques toproject activities to meet project requirements.”Project managers must not only strive to meet specific scope, time, cost, and quality goals of projects,but also facilitate the entire process to meet the needs and expectations of peopleinvolved in project activities or affected by them.The PM framework will help you understand PM.PMcourse30
PM frameworkPMcourse31
PM frameworkPMcourse32
project stakeholders project management knowledge areas project management tools and techniquesKEY elementsof PM framework project success enterprise successPMcourse33
PROJECT stakeholdersPeople involved in or affected by project activities.A project may have many and very different stakeholders.Stakeholders often have very different needs, expectations or interests.Stakeholders’ needs and expectations are important in the beginningand throughout the life of a project.Successful project managers develop good relationships with projectstakeholders to understand and meet their needs and expectations.PMcourse34
STAKEHOLDERS CASEA familiar example of a project is building a new house.There are several stakeholders in a home construction project.The project sponsors would be the potential new homeowners who would be paying for the house. They could beon a very tight budget, so would expect the contractor to provide a realistic idea of what type of home they couldafford given their budget constraints. They would also need a realistic idea of when they could move in.Regardless of budget, they would expect the contractor to provide accurate estimates for the building costs. Thenew homeowners would have to make important decisions to keep the costs of the house within their budget.Can they afford to finish the basement right away? If they can afford to finish the basement, will it affect theprojected move-in date? In this example, the project sponsors are also the customers and usersof the product, which is the house.The house may require financing by a bank or other financial institution like a credit union, which will secure a legalinterest (lien) in the property and the finished home. This institution is an example of a legal stakeholder who mustbe informed of any changes to the plans or schedule because the project is part of a legal contract.The project manager in this example would normally be the general contractor responsible for building the house.The project manager needs to work with all the project stakeholders to meet their needs and expectations.PMcourse35
STAKEHOLDERS CASEThe project team for building the house would include several construction workers, electricians, and carpenters.These stakeholders would need to know exactly what work they must do and when they need to do it.They would need to know if the required materials and equipment will be at the construction site or if they areexpected to provide the materials and equipment.Their work would need to be coordinated because many interrelated factors are involved. For example, thecarpenter cannot put in kitchen cabinets until the walls are completed.Support staff might include the buyers’ employers, the general contractor’s administrative assistant, and peoplewho support other stakeholders.The buyers’ employers might expect their employees to complete their work but allow some flexibility so they canvisit the building site or take phone calls related to building the house.The contractor’s administrative assistant would support the project by coordinating meetings between the buyers,the contractor, suppliers, and other parties.PMcourse36
STAKEHOLDERS CASEBuilding a house requires many suppliers.The suppliers would provide the wood, windows, flooring, appliances, and other materials.Suppliers would expect exact details on the items they need to provide, and where andwhen to deliver those items.A project might have opponents. In this example, a neighbor might oppose the project because the workers makeso much noise that she cannot concentrate on her work at home, or the noise might wake her sleeping children.She might interrupt the workers to voice her complaints or even file a formal complaint.Or, the neighborhood might have association rules concerning new home design and construction.If the homeowners do not follow these rules, they might have to halt construction due to legal issues.Even without such complaints, the home must comply with certain building codes and other restrictions;these considerations may also result in changes to the project’s requirements, making the local governmenta stakeholder in the project.PMcourse37
PM frameworkPMcourse38
1. Project scope management involves definingand managing all the work required to complete theproject successfully.2. Project schedule management (formerlycalled project time management) includes estimatinghow long it will take to complete the work,developing an acceptable project schedule, andensuring timely completion of the project.3. Project cost management consists ofpreparing and managing the budget for the project.4. Project quality management ensures thatthe project will satisfy the stated or implied needsfor which it was undertaken.PMknowledge areasdescribe the key competencies that project managersmust develop5. Project resource management is concernedwith making effective use of the people and physicalresources involved with the project.PMcourse39
6. Project communications management involves generating,collecting, disseminating, and storing project information.7. Project risk management includes identifying, analyzing, andresponding to risks related to the project.PMknowledge areasdescribe the key competencies that project managersmust develop8. Project procurement management involvesacquiring or procuring goods and services for aproject from outside the performing organization.9. Project stakeholder management includesidentifying and analyzing stakeholder needs whilemanaging and controlling their engagementthroughout the life of the project.10. Project integration management is anoverarching function that affects andis affected by all of the other knowledge areas.PMcourse40
PM frameworkPMcourse41
PM tools & techniquesAssist project managersan
They explained, “Software development projects are in chaos, and we can no longer imitate the three monkeys—hear no failures, see no failures, speak no failures.” 6 WHY Standish Group, “The CHAOS Report,” www.standishgroup.com (1995).
Project Issue Management Process Project Issue Management Process Template, version 1.0 (03.15.12) ii 1 Introduction The Project Issue Management Process is followed during the Execution phase of the Project Management Life Cycle throughout the project; however, issues may be identified at any stage of the project life cycle.File Size: 258KBPage Count: 8People also search forissue management processcontemporary issue management:contemporary issue management: quizletdefine opportunity management processacquisitions the issue management proces asana project management templates
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) - Fifth Edition 61 3 3 - PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESSES Table 3-1. Project Management Process Group and Knowledge Area Mapping 4. Project Integration Management 5. Project Scope Management 5.2 Collect 6. Project Time Management 6.4 Estimate 7. Project Cost Management 8. Project .
IV. PMO Project Management Lifecycle (Refer to attachment 2 - OIT PMO Project Management Lifecycle) The Project Management Process governs the project life-cycle which is comprised of the following five phases: 1. Project Initiating phase 2. Project Planning phase 3. Project Funding phase 4. Project Executing phase 5. Project Closing phase
PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1065 COMPETENCES OF THE PROJECT MANAGERS IN RELATION TO THE TYPE OF PROJECT 1066 Petrović Dejan, Mihić Marko, Obradović Vladimir . Project Management Institute. A special feature of the contemporary project management is the use of specialized software tools for project management (Microsoft Office Project, Primavera .
Project success is one of the most important topic in project management (Prabhakar, 2009). Importance of the project success varies by the contract of the project, type of project and individual role of personality in project also (Muller & Jugdev, 2012). Project success comprises of two parts. First is success of project management and
Project Management Fundamentals course is prepared to develop the understanding of processes of project management, tools and terminologies used in Project Management, roles involved in project management, time management, cost management, quality mana
A Guide to Project Management in the Department of Education Project Management Guide, July 2021 Version 1.0 —— 4 1.4 What is project management? Project management (PM) is defined as 'the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements' or 'the
Project Management 101 Session I. Farashta Zainal, MBA, PMP Senior Improvement Advisor. Amanda Kim. Senior Project Manager. Andrea Harris. Project Coordinator II. Project Management Defined. Learning Objectives. 6. Introduction to project management tools and concepts. 1. Gain an understanding of project management phases and
